强制 conda 安装的可执行文件在运行时间使用 conda 共享库

Question

我想使用 conda 使 C++ 程序的编译和分发变得可移植和简单，所以我编写了一个 conda 配方。构建依赖于一些库来处理图像 I/O，例如 libpng 和 libtiff。这些库的 conda 版本在 the recipe 中指定，摘录如下：

requirements:
  run_exports:
    strong:
      - libpng
      - libtiff
      - jpeg
      - fftw
      - eigen
  host:
    - {{ compiler('cxx') }}
    - cmake
    - python
    - libpng
    - libtiff
    - jpeg
    - fftw
    - eigen
  run:
    - libtiff
    - libpng
    - jpeg
    - fftw

我的理解是host对应编译时使用的conda库，而run和run_exports指定运行时机器上的库主机或其他机器。

在 OS X 上，cmake 编译运行正常，特别是针对图像库的 conda 版本成功编译。 conda build . 操作中的安装摘录如下所示：

-- The C compiler identification is Clang 12.0.1
-- The CXX compiler identification is Clang 12.0.1
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: $PREFIX/bin/x86_64-apple-darwin13.4.0-clang - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: $PREFIX/bin/x86_64-apple-darwin13.4.0-clang++ - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Found OpenMP_C: -fopenmp=libomp (found version "5.0") 
-- Found OpenMP_CXX: -fopenmp=libomp (found version "5.0") 
-- Found OpenMP: TRUE (found version "5.0")  
-- Found TIFF: $PREFIX/lib/libtiff.dylib (found version "4.0.9")  
-- Found JPEG: $PREFIX/lib/libjpeg.dylib (found version "80") 
-- Found ZLIB: $PREFIX/lib/libz.dylib (found version "1.2.11") 
-- Found PNG: $PREFIX/lib/libpng.dylib (found version "1.4.12") 
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
CMake Warning:
  Manually-specified variables were not used by the project:

    CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR
    CMAKE_LIBTOOL


-- Build files have been written to: $SRC_DIR/build
Scanning dependencies of target bm3d
[ 16%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/bm3d.dir/bm3d.cpp.o
[ 33%] Building C object CMakeFiles/bm3d.dir/iio.c.o
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/bm3d.dir/lib_transforms.cpp.o
[ 66%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/bm3d.dir/main.cpp.o
[ 83%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/bm3d.dir/utilities.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable bm3d
[100%] Built target bm3d
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target bm3d
[100%] Built target bm3d
Install the project...
-- Install configuration: "Release"
-- Installing: $PREFIX/bin/bm3d

在 conda 构建过程结束时，我将包上传到 anaconda 商店，并安装它 (conda install -c efmkoene bm3d)。但是经过测试，事实证明可执行文件正在为图像 I/O 使用一组不同的库——在我的例子中造成了麻烦。程序运行针对图像（例如 bm3d ~/Downloads/example.png 10 out.png）的示例给出

libpng warning: Application built with libpng-1.4.12 but running with 1.6.37

ERROR(""): png_create_read_struct fail

因此请注意运行时间的 libpng（在本例中，brew install libpng 的结果）与用于编译的结果不同，即使我与用于编译的环境处于相同的运行时间环境中。这个问题有解决办法吗？

Answer 1

供将来参考，错误确实在 cmake 过程中检测到关于 libpng 的错误信息。在 CMakeLists.txt 中添加 set(CMAKE_FIND_FRAMEWORK LAST) 解决了问题！据 Kikaxa 在 OSX + homebrew + CMake + libpng version mismatch issue 报道：

The problem is that classical cmake-style Find*.cmake search for the headers and libraries separately - and the results MAY and WILL mismatch in some cases. MacOS exaggerates the problem by having special case of frameworks, being searched BEFORE other locations by default.

强制 conda 安装的可执行文件在 运行 时间使用 conda 共享库

Force conda-installed executable to use the conda shared libraries at run time

python

anaconda

conda

libraries

强制 conda 安装的可执行文件在运行时间使用 conda 共享库