MSSQL 排序和连接数据是状态

Question

是否可以像我的示例那样对数据进行排序？

我想将 start/stop 或 start/error 状态连接成一行。我尝试了 pivot table，但仍然不知道如何定义它以使其工作。因为一个订单可能有更多的错误或人工，但完整的订单以 stop

结尾

    ID  LaborID     OrderNr           StateID   State   OrderStatusDate
102610  15784158    OPT2201652              1   start   28.01.2022 08:18
102625  15784158    OPT2201652              0   stop    28.01.2022 09:15
102630  15784158    OPT2201655              1   start   28.01.2022 09:31
102632  15784158    OPT2201655              0   stop    28.01.2022 09:43
101519  10134088    OPT2134651              1   start   11.01.2022 14:42
101524  10134088    OPT2134651              2   error   11.01.2022 15:27
101612  10134088    OPT2134651              1   start   13.01.2022 09:30
101642  10134088    OPT2134651              2   error   13.01.2022 15:01
101783  10134088    OPT2134651              1   start   17.01.2022 12:44
101800  10134088    OPT2134651              0   stop    17.01.2022 14:19
101646  10134088    OPT2134787              1   start   14.01.2022 07:56
101661  10134088    OPT2134787              0   stop    14.01.2022 09:03

为此：

LaborID     OrderNr        start               stop               error              minutes
15784158    OPT2201652     28.01.2022 08:18    28.01.2022 09:15                      0:57
15784158    OPT2201655     28.01.2022 09:31    28.01.2022 09:43                      0:12
10134088    OPT2134651     11.01.2022 14:42                       11.01.2022 15:27   0:45
10134088    OPT2134651     13.01.2022 09:30                       13.01.2022 15:01   5:31
10134088    OPT2134651     17.01.2022 12:44    17.01.2022 14:19                      1:35
10134088    OPT2134787     14.01.2022 07:56    14.01.2022 09:03                      1:07

Answer 1

您可以使用一些 CASE 或子查询来做到这一点...

这是带有子查询的版本

SELECT DISTINCT LaborID, OrderNr,
       (SELECT OrderStatusDate FROM T AS Tin WHERE Tin.LaborID = Tout.Labor_ID AND Tin.OrderNr = Tout.OrderNr AND StateID = 1) AS start,
       (SELECT OrderStatusDate FROM T AS Tin WHERE Tin.LaborID = Tout.Labor_ID AND Tin.OrderNr = Tout.OrderNr AND StateID = 0) AS stop,
       (SELECT OrderStatusDate FROM T AS Tin WHERE Tin.LaborID = Tout.Labor_ID AND Tin.OrderNr = Tout.OrderNr AND StateID = 2) AS error
FROM   T AS Tout

Answer 2

您不需要 self-join，您可以使用 window 函数

一次扫描

WITH NextValues AS (
    SELECT *,
      NextState = LEAD(State)           OVER (PARTITION BY LaborID ORDER BY OrderStatusDate),
      NextDate  = LEAD(OrderStatusDate) OVER (PARTITION BY LaborID ORDER BY OrderStatusDate)
    FROM YourTable t
)
SELECT
  LaborID,
  OrderNr,
  start = OrderStatusDate,
  stop  = CASE WHEN NextState = 'stop'  THEN NextDate END,
  error = CASE WHEN NextState = 'error' THEN NextDate END,
  minutes = DATEDIFF(minute, OrderStatusDate, NextDate)
FROM NextValues t
WHERE State = 'start';

db<>fiddle

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