在 python 中使用 pop 时如何解决索引错误？

Question

这是我遇到的错误（图中）

从一副牌中洗出13张牌，分配给4位玩家，洗牌后检查游戏规则，如果不符合规则则重新洗牌。当重新洗牌发生时，它显示从空列表弹出错误

import random

suites=['Hearts', 'Diamonds', 'Clubs', 'Spades']
values = ['2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '10', 'J', 'Q', 'K', 'A']
deck=[]

class cards:
    def __init__(self,value,suit,priority):
        self.suit=suit
        self.value=value
        self.priority=priority

    def __str__(self):
        return "{} of {}".format(self.value,self.suit)    

class player:
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name=name
        self.point=0
        self.hand=[]

    def show_cards(self):
        for a in self.hand:
            print(a)  

def un_deck():
    for i in suites:
        p=1
        for j in values:
            if i =="Spades":
                pri=p*15
                p+=1
            else:
                pri=p
                p+=1
            deck.append(cards(j,i,pri))

def shuffle() :
    random.shuffle(deck)
    return deck

p=[player("Player 1"),player("Player 2"),player("Player 3"),player("Player 4")]

def distribue_cards():
    card=shuffle()
    n=51
    while n>=0:
        print("-----------------------length=",len(card),"---------------------")
        if n%4==0:                                     
            p[0].hand.append(card.pop(n))
        elif n%4==1:
            p[1].hand.append(card.pop(n))
        elif n%4==2:
            p[2].hand.append(card.pop(n))
        elif n%4==3:
            p[3].hand.append(card.pop(n))
        n-=1
    # del card                                            
    # del n 
    check()

def check() :
    for i in p:
        ace,heart,diamond,spade,club=0,0,0,0,0
        for j in i.hand:
            if j.value=="A":
                ace+=1
            if j.suit=="Hearts":
                heart+=1    
            elif j.suit=="Diamonds":
                diamond+=1 
            elif j.suit=="Clubs":
                club+=1 
            else:
                spade+=1
        if (ace>=3 or heart>=7 or diamond>=7 or club>=7 or spade>=7 or heart==0 or diamond==0 or club==0 or spade==0):
            distribue_cards()
            break      

#main
un_deck()
distribue_cards()
for b in p:
    print("player name:",b.name)
    b.show_cards()

Error message(length in output is for testing purpose)

Answer 1

错误：

card 被清空，当您在函数内部调用 check() 时，如果满足特定条件，您将调用 distribue_cards()。这是你的错误，因为 card 已经清空并且在空列表中调用 pop() 会产生错误。
此外，你没有清除分配给不这样做的玩家的卡牌，会在他们手中堆积很多卡牌，导致无限循环（由于你给定的条件ace>=3 or heart>=7 or diamond>=7 or club>=7 or spade>=7 or heart==0 or diamond==0 or club==0 or spade==0)).

代码：

import random

suites=['Hearts', 'Diamonds', 'Clubs', 'Spades']
values = ['2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '10', 'J', 'Q', 'K', 'A']
deck=[]

class cards:
    def __init__(self,value,suit,priority):
        self.suit=suit
        self.value=value
        self.priority=priority

    def __str__(self):
        return "{} of {}".format(self.value,self.suit)    

class player:
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name=name
        self.point=0
        self.hand=[]

    def show_cards(self):
        for a in self.hand:
            print(a)  

def un_deck():
    for i in suites:
        p=1
        for j in values:
            if i =="Spades":
                pri=p*15
                p+=1
            else:
                pri=p
                p+=1
            deck.append(cards(j,i,pri))

def shuffle() :
    random.shuffle(deck)
    return deck

p=[player("Player 1"),player("Player 2"),player("Player 3"),player("Player 4")]

def distribute_cards():
    card=shuffle()

    n=51
    _0=0
    _1=0
    _2=0
    _3=0
    while n>=0:
        print("-----------------------length=",len(card),"---------------------")

        if n%4==0:
            _0 +=1
            p[0].hand.append(card.pop(n))
        elif n%4==1:
            _1 += 1
            p[1].hand.append(card.pop(n))
        elif n%4==2:
            _2 +=1
            p[2].hand.append(card.pop(n))
        elif n%4==3:
            _3 += 1
            p[3].hand.append(card.pop(n))
        n-=1
    # del card                                            
    # del n 
    check()

def check() :
    for i in p:
        ace,heart,diamond,spade,club=0,0,0,0,0
        for j in i.hand:
            if j.value=="A":
                ace+=1
            if j.suit=="Hearts":
                heart+=1    
            elif j.suit=="Diamonds":
                diamond+=1 
            elif j.suit=="Clubs":
                club+=1 
            else:
                spade+=1
        if (ace>=3 or heart>=7 or diamond>=7 or club>=7 or spade>=7 or heart==0 or diamond==0 or club==0 or spade==0):
            #if the condition is True then:
            un_deck()          # create new deck
            for i in range(4): 
                p[i].hand=[]   # Clear players' cards
            distribute_cards()  # Then only call distribute_cards
            break      

#main
un_deck()
distribute_cards()
for b in p:
    print("player name:",b.name)
    b.show_cards()

在 python 中使用 pop 时如何解决索引错误？

How to solve index error while using pop in python?

python

shuffle

index-error

错误：

代码：