Python 中的动画问题

Question

我希望绿色矩形在矩阵 b 中从一个值移动到另一个值时不会消失。例如，矩形约为 0.24671953。然后矩形停留在这个值上。然后另一个矩形出现在下一个值 0.25959473 上。然后0.41092171上又出现了一个矩形，前面两个矩形没有消失

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np
from celluloid import Camera

a = np.array([[0.24671953, 0.25959473, 0.85494718],
       [0.60553861, 0.76276659, 0.41092171],
       [0.37356358, 0.69378785, 0.46988614]])

b = np.array([[0.24671953,0.25959473],
 [0.41092171,0.46988614],
 [0.37356358,0.60553861]])

annot=True
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots(1)  
camera = Camera(fig)
sns.set_style('white')
ax1 = sns.heatmap(a, linewidth=0.5,ax=ax1,annot=annot)
for bb in b.flatten():
    ax1.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((np.where(a == bb)[1][0], 
    np.where(a == bb)[0][0]), 1, 1, fc='none', ec='green', lw=5, clip_on=False))
    camera.snap()


animation = camera.animate(interval=800)
animation.save('animation2.gif')
plt.show()

Answer 1

看起来 celluloid 清除了每个 snap 处的现有地块。您可以在每一步从头开始重新创建绘图。矩形可以存储在列表中。

为避免在每一步都设置新的颜色条位置，您可以使用 sns.heatmap 的 cbar_ax= 参数始终使用相同的颜色条 ax:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np
from celluloid import Camera

a = np.array([[0.24671953, 0.25959473, 0.85494718],
              [0.60553861, 0.76276659, 0.41092171],
              [0.37356358, 0.69378785, 0.46988614]])
b = np.array([[0.24671953, 0.25959473],
              [0.41092171, 0.46988614],
              [0.37356358, 0.60553861]])

fig, (ax1, cbar_ax) = plt.subplots(ncols=2, gridspec_kw={'width_ratios': [20, 1]})
camera = Camera(fig)
sns.set_style('white')
rectangles = []
for bb in b.flatten():
    sns.heatmap(a, linewidth=0.5, ax=ax1, annot=True, cbar_ax=cbar_ax)
    rectangles.append(plt.Rectangle((np.where(a == bb)[1][0], np.where(a == bb)[0][0]), 1, 1,
                                    fc='none', ec='green', lw=5, clip_on=False))
    for rect in rectangles:
        ax1.add_patch(rect)
    camera.snap()

animation = camera.animate(interval=800)
animation.save('animation2.gif')
plt.show()

另一种方法是直接使用 matplotlib 的动画框架。然后，代码可能如下所示：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np

a = np.array([[0.24671953, 0.25959473, 0.85494718],
              [0.60553861, 0.76276659, 0.41092171],
              [0.37356358, 0.69378785, 0.46988614]])
b = np.array([[0.24671953, 0.25959473],
              [0.41092171, 0.46988614],
              [0.37356358, 0.60553861]])

fig, ax1 = plt.subplots()
sns.set_style('white')
sns.heatmap(a, linewidth=0.5, ax=ax1, annot=True)

def animate(i):
    bb = b.flatten()[i]
    patch = ax1.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((np.where(a == bb)[1][0], np.where(a == bb)[0][0]), 1, 1,
                                        fc='none', ec='green', lw=5, clip_on=False))
    return patch,

animation = FuncAnimation(fig, animate, frames=range(0, b.size), interval=800, repeat=False)
animation.save('animation2.gif')
plt.show()

Python 中的动画问题

Animation issue in Python

python

iteration

seaborn