将嵌套的 XML 文件导入 SQL 服务器

Question

我遇到以下问题，不知道如何将嵌套 xml 文件中的数据导入数据库。

这里是 xml 文件的例子：

<pm001 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="T1_pm001.xsd">
    <reportHeader>
        <exchName>Xetra</exchName>
        <reportCode>PM001</reportCode>
        <reportName>Example Report for Stocks</reportName>
        <memberId>XXETF</memberId>
        <memberName>Xetra ETF</memberName>
        <reportDate>2022-01-02</reportDate>
    </reportHeader>
    <pm001Grp>
        <pm001Grp1>
            <pm001KeyGrp1>
                <unitGrp>
                    <unitCode>ABC01</unitCode>
                    <lngName>ABC Company 01</lngName>
                    <unitId>10000</unitId>
                </unitGrp>
            </pm001KeyGrp1>
            <pm001Grp2>
                <pm001KeyGrp2>
                    <instrumentGrp1>
                        <product>Stock1</product>
                        <instType>1</instType>
                        <instId>250000</instId>
                        <instShortcode>ELL01</instShortcode>
                        <instNam>Example Stock 1</instNam>
                        <currencyCode>EUR</currencyCode>
                    </instrumentGrp1>
                </pm001KeyGrp2>
                <pm001Rec>
                    <tradingDate>2022-01-01</tradingDate>
                    <numTradesDay>8</numTradesDay>
                    <rateVola>100</rateVola>
                </pm001Rec>
            </pm001Grp2>
            <pm001Grp2>
                <pm001KeyGrp2>
                    <instrumentGrp1>
                        <product>Stock2</product>
                        <instType>1</instType>
                        <instId>251400</instId>
                        <instShortcode>ELL02</instShortcode>
                        <instNam>Example Stock 2</instNam>
                        <currencyCode>EUR</currencyCode>
                    </instrumentGrp1>
                </pm001KeyGrp2>
                <pm001Rec>
                    <tradingDate>2022-01-01</tradingDate>
                    <numTradesDay>2</numTradesDay>
                    <rateVola>90</rateVola>
                </pm001Rec>
            </pm001Grp2>
            <pm001Grp2>
                <pm001KeyGrp2>
                    <instrumentGrp1>
                        <product>Stock3</product>
                        <instType>1</instType>
                        <instId>260000</instId>
                        <instShortcode>ELL03</instShortcode>
                        <instNam>Example Stock 3</instNam>
                        <currencyCode>EUR</currencyCode>
                    </instrumentGrp1>
                </pm001KeyGrp2>
                <pm001Rec>
                    <tradingDate>2022-01-01</tradingDate>
                    <numTradesDay>6</numTradesDay>
                    <rateVola>0</rateVola>
                </pm001Rec>
            </pm001Grp2>
        </pm001Grp1>
    </pm001Grp>
    <pm001Grp>
        <pm001Grp1>
            <pm001KeyGrp1>
                <unitGrp>
                    <unitCode>DEF02</unitCode>
                    <lngName>DEF Company 02</lngName>
                    <unitId>11000</unitId>
                </unitGrp>
            </pm001KeyGrp1>
            <pm001Grp2>
                <pm001KeyGrp2>
                    <instrumentGrp1>
                        <product>Stock1</product>
                        <instType>1</instType>
                        <instId>250000</instId>
                        <instShortcode>ELL01</instShortcode>
                        <instNam>Example Stock 1</instNam>
                        <currencyCode>EUR</currencyCode>
                    </instrumentGrp1>
                </pm001KeyGrp2>
                <pm001Rec>
                    <tradingDate>2022-01-01</tradingDate>
                    <numTradesDay>3</numTradesDay>
                    <rateVola>1</rateVola>
                </pm001Rec>
            </pm001Grp2>
            <pm001Grp2>
                <pm001KeyGrp2>
                    <instrumentGrp1>
                        <product>Stock2</product>
                        <instType>1</instType>
                        <instId>251400</instId>
                        <instShortcode>ELL02</instShortcode>
                        <instNam>Example Stock 2</instNam>
                        <currencyCode>EUR</currencyCode>
                    </instrumentGrp1>
                </pm001KeyGrp2>
                <pm001Rec>
                    <tradingDate>2022-01-01</tradingDate>
                    <numTradesDay>35</numTradesDay>
                    <rateVola>45</rateVola>
                </pm001Rec>
            </pm001Grp2>
            <pm001Grp2>
                <pm001KeyGrp2>
                    <instrumentGrp1>
                        <product>Stock3</product>
                        <instType>1</instType>
                        <instId>260000</instId>
                        <instShortcode>ELL03</instShortcode>
                        <instNam>Example Stock 3</instNam>
                        <currencyCode>EUR</currencyCode>
                    </instrumentGrp1>
                </pm001KeyGrp2>
                <pm001Rec>
                    <tradingDate>2022-01-01</tradingDate>
                    <numTradesDay>34</numTradesDay>
                    <rateVola>60</rateVola>
                </pm001Rec>
            </pm001Grp2>
        </pm001Grp1>
    </pm001Grp>
</pm001>

数据需要在 sql 服务器上我的数据库中的 table 中：

exchName VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
reportCode VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
reportName VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,
memberId VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
memberName VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,
reportDate DATETIME NOT NULL,
unitCode VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL, 
lngName VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,
unitId INT NOT NULL,
product VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,
instType TINYINT NOT NULL,
instId INT NOT NULL,
instShortcode VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
instNam VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,
currencyCode CHAR(3) NOT NULL,
tradingDate DATETIME NOT NULL,
numTradesDay INT NOT NULL,
rateVola INT NOT NULL

我必须在这些节点之间建立连接：

XML nodes:

'pm001/reportHeader'
'pm001/pm001Grp/pm001Grp1/pm001KeyGrp1/unitGrp'
'pm001/pm001Grp/pm001Grp1/pm001Grp2/pm001KeyGrp2/instrumentGrp1'
'pm001/pm001Grp/pm001Grp1/pm001Grp2/pm001Rec'

有人知道如何处理吗？

Answer 1

我建议您不要使用旧的 OPENXML 功能。它已被弃用并且有很多问题。

您可以使用较新的 XQuery .nodes 和 .value 函数。

您只需选择要切碎的节点，然后使用 CROSS APPLY 从一个节点传递到下一个节点。只需在顶部添加 INSERT 即可实际插入 table

SELECT
  x2.reportHeader.value('(exchName/text())[1]','varchar(10)'),
  x2.reportHeader.value('(reportCode/text())[1]','varchar(5)'),
  x2.reportHeader.value('(reportName/text())[1]','varchar(max)'),
  x2.reportHeader.value('(memberId/text())[1]','varchar(5)'),
  x2.reportHeader.value('(memberName/text())[1]','varchar(max)'),
  x2.reportHeader.value('(reportDate/text())[1]','date'),
  x4.unitGrp.value('(unitCode/text())[1]','varchar(5)'),
  x4.unitGrp.value('(lngName/text())[1]','varchar(max)'),
  x4.unitGrp.value('(unitId/text())[1]','int'),
  x5.pmGrp2.value('(pm001KeyGrp2/instrumentGrp1/product/text())[1]','varchar(max)'),
  x5.pmGrp2.value('(pm001KeyGrp2/instrumentGrp1/instType/text())[1]','tinyint'),
  x5.pmGrp2.value('(pm001KeyGrp2/instrumentGrp1/instId/text())[1]','int'),
  x5.pmGrp2.value('(pm001KeyGrp2/instrumentGrp1/instShortcode/text())[1]','varchar(5)'),
  x5.pmGrp2.value('(pm001KeyGrp2/instrumentGrp1/instNam/text())[1]','varchar(max)'),
  x5.pmGrp2.value('(pm001KeyGrp2/instrumentGrp1/currencyCode/text())[1]','char(3)'),
  x5.pmGrp2.value('(pm001Rec/tradingDate/text())[1]','date'),
  x5.pmGrp2.value('(pm001Rec/numTradesDay/text())[1]','int'),
  x5.pmGrp2.value('(pm001Rec/rateVola/text())[1]','int')
FROM @xml.nodes('pm001') x1(pm001)
CROSS APPLY x1.pm001.nodes('reportHeader') x2(reportHeader)
CROSS APPLY x1.pm001.nodes('pm001Grp/pm001Grp1') x3(pmGrp)
CROSS APPLY x3.pmGrp.nodes('pm001KeyGrp1/unitGrp') x4(unitGrp)
CROSS APPLY x3.pmGrp.nodes('pm001Grp2') x5(pmGrp2);

db<>fiddle

将嵌套的 XML 文件导入 SQL 服务器

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