基于历史表创建视图
Creating a view based on history tables
我想基于具有 tables 历史的数据库创建一个 SQL 视图。
哪个是最好的解决方案（快速且高效）。我还没有创建应用程序，我无法更新数据库 tables。我只能创建视图。
上下文如下：
我的应用程序管理合同。合同包含一般信息，并链接到联系人、法律参考资料和投资组合。更新完成后，将在历史 table 中添加新行（新 ID_HIST）。如果对联系人、法律参考资料或投资组合进行了更新，则会在 table contract_HIST 中同样添加一个新行（具有相同的 ID_HIST）。
我的目的是创建一个视图来显示与之前的 ID HIST 相比在一行 (ID HIST) 上完成的更新，例如：
因此，对于每个新更新（针对特定日期，感谢 ID HIST），我们可以查看一般信息、联系人、法律参考资料 or/and 投资组合是否已更新。
数据库结构如下：
在table此处，可以将一个或多个投资组合分配给同一个更新的合同。
有关信息：例如，如果在新更新期间删除了合同的联系人，则会在 contract_hist 中为此合同添加新行（带有新的 ID_HIST）但是table contact_hist 中没有添加新行。法律参考和投资组合也是如此。
此处视图应显示：
这里是测试数据库的脚本：
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Table CONTACT_HIST
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "CONTACT_HIST"
( "ID_HIST" NUMBER,
"ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,
"NAME_CONTACT" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE)
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ;
REM INSERTING into BO.CONTACT_HIST
SET DEFINE OFF;
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (1,1,'Bernard');
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (1,1,'Jean');
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (2,1,'Nicolas');
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (2,1,'Jean');
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (3,2,'Nicolas');
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (5,2,'Nicolas');
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Table CONTRAT_HIST
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST"
( "ID_HIST" NUMBER,
"DATE_CREATION" DATE,
"ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,
"TITRE_CONTRAT" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE),
"DESCRIPTION" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE),
"BUDGET" NUMBER
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ;
REM INSERTING into BO.CONTRAT_HIST
SET DEFINE OFF;
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (1,to_date('01-JAN-15','DD-MON-RR'),1,'Contrat 1 ','Contrat Informatique ',20000);
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (2,to_date('15-JAN-15','DD-MON-RR'),1,'Contrat 1 ','Contrat Informatique ',50000);
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (3,to_date('02-FEB-15','DD-MON-RR'),2,'Contrat 2 ','Contrat Santé ',10000);
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (4,to_date('01-MAR-15','DD-MON-RR'),2,'Contrat 2 ','Contrat Consommateur ',30000);
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (5,to_date('01-JUL-15','DD-MON-RR'),1,'Contrat 1 ','Contrat Informatique ',50000);
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Index CONTRAT_HIST_PK
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST_PK" ON "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST" ("ID_HIST")
PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ;
--------------------------------------------------------
-- Constraints for Table CONTRAT_HIST
--------------------------------------------------------
ALTER TABLE "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST" ADD CONSTRAINT "CONTRAT_HIST_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ID_HIST")
USING INDEX PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ENABLE;
ALTER TABLE "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST" MODIFY ("ID_HIST" NOT NULL ENABLE);
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Table LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "BO"."LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST"
( "ID_HIST" NUMBER,
"ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,
"LEG_REF_NAME" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE)
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ;
REM INSERTING into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST
SET DEFINE OFF;
Insert into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,LEG_REF_NAME) values (1,1,'45 - Technologies et Systeme d''Information');
Insert into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,LEG_REF_NAME) values (2,2,'105 - Consommateur et Santé');
Insert into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,LEG_REF_NAME) values (5,1,'27 - Services');
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Table PORTFOLIO_HIST
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "BO"."PORTFOLIO_HIST"
( "ID_HIST" NUMBER,
"ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,
"PORTFOLIO_ID" NUMBER,
"PORTFOLIO_NAME" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE),
"PORTFOLIO_VALUE" NUMBER
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ;
REM INSERTING into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST
SET DEFINE OFF;
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (2,1,1,'Portfolio 1',5000);
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (2,1,2,'Portfolio 2',7000);
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (4,2,1,'Portfolio 1',2000);
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (4,2,2,'Portfolio 2',8000);
commit;
我们开始：
首先：像这样创建一个存储函数（或包中的函数）：
create or replace function test_history(i_contract_id in number,
i_date_created in date,
i_type in varchar2)
return varchar2 is
l_sql varchar2(1000);
l_result number;
begin
l_sql := 'select 1 from test_history_tb where id_contract = :1 and date_creation = :2 and ' ||
i_type || ' = :3 and rownum = 1';
execute immediate l_sql
into l_result
using i_contract_id, i_date_created, 'update';
return('update');
exception
when no_data_found then
return('no_update');
end;
第二步：根据函数创建查询：
create view xxx as
select id_contract, date_creation,
test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'general_info') general_info,
test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'contract') contract,
test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'legal') legal,
test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'portfolio') portfolio
from test_history_tb a
group by a.id_contract, a.date_creation;
这个解决方案不是那么快，因为对于每一行我们都有一个函数调用。但如果您使用 where 子句过滤数据，那将是另一种选择。
table中的示例数据：
... 下面是视图查询的样子：
我想基于具有 tables 历史的数据库创建一个 SQL 视图。
哪个是最好的解决方案（快速且高效）。我还没有创建应用程序，我无法更新数据库 tables。我只能创建视图。
上下文如下：
我的应用程序管理合同。合同包含一般信息，并链接到联系人、法律参考资料和投资组合。更新完成后，将在历史 table 中添加新行（新 ID_HIST）。如果对联系人、法律参考资料或投资组合进行了更新，则会在 table contract_HIST 中同样添加一个新行（具有相同的 ID_HIST）。
我的目的是创建一个视图来显示与之前的 ID HIST 相比在一行 (ID HIST) 上完成的更新，例如：
因此，对于每个新更新（针对特定日期，感谢 ID HIST），我们可以查看一般信息、联系人、法律参考资料 or/and 投资组合是否已更新。
数据库结构如下：
在table此处，可以将一个或多个投资组合分配给同一个更新的合同。
有关信息：例如，如果在新更新期间删除了合同的联系人，则会在 contract_hist 中为此合同添加新行（带有新的 ID_HIST）但是table contact_hist 中没有添加新行。法律参考和投资组合也是如此。
此处视图应显示：
这里是测试数据库的脚本：
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Table CONTACT_HIST
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "CONTACT_HIST"
( "ID_HIST" NUMBER,
"ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,
"NAME_CONTACT" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE)
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ;
REM INSERTING into BO.CONTACT_HIST
SET DEFINE OFF;
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (1,1,'Bernard');
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (1,1,'Jean');
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (2,1,'Nicolas');
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (2,1,'Jean');
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (3,2,'Nicolas');
Insert into BO.CONTACT_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,NAME_CONTACT) values (5,2,'Nicolas');
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Table CONTRAT_HIST
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST"
( "ID_HIST" NUMBER,
"DATE_CREATION" DATE,
"ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,
"TITRE_CONTRAT" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE),
"DESCRIPTION" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE),
"BUDGET" NUMBER
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ;
REM INSERTING into BO.CONTRAT_HIST
SET DEFINE OFF;
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (1,to_date('01-JAN-15','DD-MON-RR'),1,'Contrat 1 ','Contrat Informatique ',20000);
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (2,to_date('15-JAN-15','DD-MON-RR'),1,'Contrat 1 ','Contrat Informatique ',50000);
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (3,to_date('02-FEB-15','DD-MON-RR'),2,'Contrat 2 ','Contrat Santé ',10000);
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (4,to_date('01-MAR-15','DD-MON-RR'),2,'Contrat 2 ','Contrat Consommateur ',30000);
Insert into BO.CONTRAT_HIST (ID_HIST,DATE_CREATION,ID_CONTRAT,TITRE_CONTRAT,DESCRIPTION,BUDGET) values (5,to_date('01-JUL-15','DD-MON-RR'),1,'Contrat 1 ','Contrat Informatique ',50000);
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Index CONTRAT_HIST_PK
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST_PK" ON "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST" ("ID_HIST")
PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ;
--------------------------------------------------------
-- Constraints for Table CONTRAT_HIST
--------------------------------------------------------
ALTER TABLE "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST" ADD CONSTRAINT "CONTRAT_HIST_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ID_HIST")
USING INDEX PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ENABLE;
ALTER TABLE "BO"."CONTRAT_HIST" MODIFY ("ID_HIST" NOT NULL ENABLE);
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Table LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "BO"."LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST"
( "ID_HIST" NUMBER,
"ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,
"LEG_REF_NAME" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE)
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ;
REM INSERTING into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST
SET DEFINE OFF;
Insert into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,LEG_REF_NAME) values (1,1,'45 - Technologies et Systeme d''Information');
Insert into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,LEG_REF_NAME) values (2,2,'105 - Consommateur et Santé');
Insert into BO.LEGAL_REFERENCE_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,LEG_REF_NAME) values (5,1,'27 - Services');
--------------------------------------------------------
-- DDL for Table PORTFOLIO_HIST
--------------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "BO"."PORTFOLIO_HIST"
( "ID_HIST" NUMBER,
"ID_CONTRAT" NUMBER,
"PORTFOLIO_ID" NUMBER,
"PORTFOLIO_NAME" VARCHAR2(250 BYTE),
"PORTFOLIO_VALUE" NUMBER
) SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
TABLESPACE "RAM" ;
REM INSERTING into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST
SET DEFINE OFF;
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (2,1,1,'Portfolio 1',5000);
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (2,1,2,'Portfolio 2',7000);
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (4,2,1,'Portfolio 1',2000);
Insert into BO.PORTFOLIO_HIST (ID_HIST,ID_CONTRAT,PORTFOLIO_ID,PORTFOLIO_NAME,PORTFOLIO_VALUE) values (4,2,2,'Portfolio 2',8000);
commit;
我们开始：
首先：像这样创建一个存储函数（或包中的函数）：
create or replace function test_history(i_contract_id in number,
i_date_created in date,
i_type in varchar2)
return varchar2 is
l_sql varchar2(1000);
l_result number;
begin
l_sql := 'select 1 from test_history_tb where id_contract = :1 and date_creation = :2 and ' ||
i_type || ' = :3 and rownum = 1';
execute immediate l_sql
into l_result
using i_contract_id, i_date_created, 'update';
return('update');
exception
when no_data_found then
return('no_update');
end;
第二步：根据函数创建查询：
create view xxx as
select id_contract, date_creation,
test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'general_info') general_info,
test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'contract') contract,
test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'legal') legal,
test_history(a.id_contract, a.date_creation, 'portfolio') portfolio
from test_history_tb a
group by a.id_contract, a.date_creation;
这个解决方案不是那么快，因为对于每一行我们都有一个函数调用。但如果您使用 where 子句过滤数据，那将是另一种选择。
table中的示例数据：
... 下面是视图查询的样子：