将两个文件与各自的字段进行比较，并以特定格式输出

Question

我正在比较两个文件

food1.txt 文件并比较 food2.txt 文件，像这样

# cat food1.txt 
pizza=1ea
chicken=5ea
tooboo=4ea
orange=2ea

# cat food2.txt 
pizza=2ea
chicken=5ea
grape=3ea
tooboo=4ea
melon=1ea

我的作品...

FOOD1=`cat ./food1.txt`
FOOD2=`cat ./food2.txt`

echo "$FOOD1" | while read ACCOUNT
do
grep -w $ACCOUNT ./food2.txt  >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
echo "-----[  OK  ] : $ACCOUNT"
else
echo "-----[ WARN ] : $ACCOUNT"
fi
done

输出..但我不喜欢它

-----[ WARN ] : pizza=1ea
-----[  OK  ] : chicken=5ea
-----[  OK  ] : tooboo=4ea
-----[ WARN ] : orange=2ea

我要一起打印比较目标

我想要这样的输出

food2.txt                   food1.txt
pizza=2ea   : [ NotMatch ] : pizza=1ea
            : [    OK    ] : chicken=5ea
            : [    OK    ] : tooboo=4ea
            : [ NotExist ] : orange=2ea
grape=3ea   : [ NotExist ] :
melon=1ea   : [ NotExist ] :

可能吗？请帮助我。

Answer 1

使用您显示的示例，请尝试执行以下 awk 程序。在 GNU awk.

中编写和测试

awk '
BEGIN{
  FS="="
  print ARGV[1]"                   "ARGV[2]
}
FNR==NR{
  arr1[]=
  next
}
( in arr1){
  if(==arr1[]){
     print  "           :[    OK     ] : " [=10=]
  }
  else if(!=arr1[]){
     print  FS arr1[]"  :[ NotMatch  ] : "[=10=]
  }
  arr2[]
  next
}
{
  print [=10=]"  :[ NotExist  ] : "
}
END{
  for(i in arr1){
     if(!(i in arr2)){
        print "           :[ NotExist  ] : "i FS arr1[i]
     }
  }
}
' food1.txt food2.txt

使用您展示的示例，以下将是 output:

food1.txt                   food2.txt
pizza=1ea  :[ NotMatch  ] : pizza=2ea
           :[    OK     ] : chicken=5ea
grape=3ea  :[ NotExist  ] :
           :[    OK     ] : tooboo=4ea
melon=1ea  :[ NotExist  ] :
           :[ NotExist  ] : orange=2ea

说明：为以上代码添加详细说明。

awk '                                                        ##Starting awk program from here.
BEGIN{                                                       ##Starting BEGIN section from here.
  FS="="                                                     ##Setting field separator as = here.
  print ARGV[1]"                   "ARGV[2]                  ##Printing passed Input_file names here.
}
FNR==NR{                                                     ##Checking condition FNR==NR which will be TRUE when food1.txt is being read.
  arr1[]=                                                ##Creating array named arr1 with index of 1st field and value is .
  next                                                       ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
( in arr1){                                                ##Checking condition if  is present in arr1 then do following.
  if(==arr1[]){                                          ##Checking condition if 2nd field is equal to arr1 value.
     print  "           :[    OK     ] : " [=12=]                ##Printing ok message with current line of food2.txt here.
  }
  else if(!=arr1[]){                                     ##Else(in case 2nd field is NOT equal to arr1 value) then do following.
     print  FS arr1[]"  :[ NotMatch  ] : "[=12=]             ##Printing first field FS value of arr1 followed by NotMatch followed by current line from food2.txt.
  }
  arr2[]                                                   ##Making an entry of current  for arr2 array here.
  next                                                       ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
{
  print [=12=]"  :[ NotExist  ] : "                              ##printing current line followed by NotExist statement.
}
END{                                                         ##Starting END block for this program from here.
  for(i in arr1){                                            ##Traversing through arr1 elements here.
     if(!(i in arr2)){                                       ##Checking condition if key i is NOT present in arr2 then do following.
        print "           :[ NotExist  ] : "i FS arr1[i]     ##printing NOtExist statements followed by i FS and arr1 value.
     }
  }
}
' food1.txt food2.txt                                        ##Mentioning Input_file names here.

Answer 2

由于标记了bash，这里有一个使用关联数组的解决方案。第一个 while 循环填充读取第一个文件的数组。第二个 while 循环遍历第二个文件，检查键 and/or 值是否与数组中的条目匹配，然后删除它们。最后，for 循环遍历数组中剩余的“未检查”项。

out() {
  if   [[      -z "" ]]; then l=""    m="                " r=""
  elif [[      -z "" ]]; then l="=" m=": [ NotExist ] :" r=""
  elif [[      -z "" ]]; then l=""      m=": [ NotExist ] :" r="="
  elif [[ "" == "" ]]; then l=""      m=": [    OK    ] :" r="="
  else                          l="=" m=": [ NotMatch ] :" r="="; fi
  printf '%-10s %s %-10s\n' "$l" "$m" "$r"
}

f1=food1.txt
f2=food2.txt

out "$f2" "$f1"

declare -A f
while IFS== read -r k v; do f[$k]=$v; done < "$f2"

while IFS== read -r k v; do out "${f[$k]}" "$v" "$k"; unset f[$k]; done < "$f1"

for k in "${!f[@]}"; do out "${f[$k]}" "" "$k"; done

food2.txt                   food1.txt 
pizza=2ea  : [ NotMatch ] : pizza=1ea 
           : [    OK    ] : chicken=5ea
           : [    OK    ] : tooboo=4ea
           : [ NotExist ] : orange=2ea
grape=3ea  : [ NotExist ] :           
melon=1ea  : [ NotExist ] :

将两个文件与各自的字段进行比较，并以特定格式输出

Comparing two files with respective fields and output required in a specific format

bash

shell

awk

compare

script