如何在 python - 字典值中使用正则表达式从字符串中提取某个子字符串？

Question

我下面有一个 str 'data' 包含一些 url 内容。使用正则表达式我只想提取“url”：“https://www.google.com”。到目前为止，这是我尝试过的：

impor re
url = re.findall('"url":.*', data)

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。

{"__ref":"QXNzZXRDb250cmFjdFR5cGU6NDU0OTE3"},"decimals":null,"relayId":"QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==","favoritesCount":10,"isDelisted":false,"isFavorite":false,"isFrozen":false,"hasUnlockableContent":false,"tokenId":"3379","collection":{"__ref":"Q29sbGVjdGlvblR5cGU6MzY3NDA5MQ=="},"orderData":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:orderData"},"name":"Flame River Chumbi","authenticityMetadata":null,"imageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","creator":null,"assetOwners(first:1)":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:assetOwners(first:1)"},"animationUrl":null,"backgroundColor":null,"description":"Chumbi are adorable bipedal creatures that inhabit a lush and mysterious forest valley. They have a spiritual connection to the forest and use magical spells to maintain and protect it.","isListable":true,"isReportedSuspicious":false,"traits(first:100)":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:traits(first:100)"},"displayImageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","externalLink":null,"isEditableByOwner":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:isEditableByOwner"}, "url":"https:://google.com" ,"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:traits(first:100)","displayImageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","externalLink":null,"isEditableByOwner":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:isEditableByOwner"}

Answer 1

你想知道的是non-greedy搜索。尝试以下正则表达式：

import re
s = '{"__ref":"QXNzZXRDb250cmFjdFR5cGU6NDU0OTE3"},"decimals":null,"relayId":"QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==","favoritesCount":10,"isDelisted":false,"isFavorite":false,"isFrozen":false,"hasUnlockableContent":false,"tokenId":"3379","collection":{"__ref":"Q29sbGVjdGlvblR5cGU6MzY3NDA5MQ=="},"orderData":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:orderData"},"name":"Flame River Chumbi","authenticityMetadata":null,"imageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","creator":null,"assetOwners(first:1)":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:assetOwners(first:1)"},"animationUrl":null,"backgroundColor":null,"description":"Chumbi are adorable bipedal creatures that inhabit a lush and mysterious forest valley. They have a spiritual connection to the forest and use magical spells to maintain and protect it.","isListable":true,"isReportedSuspicious":false,"traits(first:100)":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:traits(first:100)"},"displayImageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","externalLink":null,"isEditableByOwner":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:isEditableByOwner"}, "url":"https:://google.com" ,"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:traits(first:100)","displayImageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","externalLink":null,"isEditableByOwner":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:isEditableByOwner"}'
results = re.findall(r'"url":".*?"', s)

对 OP 评论的回答：

您可以使用分组。

import re
s = '{"__ref":"QXNzZXRDb250cmFjdFR5cGU6NDU0OTE3"},"decimals":null,"relayId":"QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==","favoritesCount":10,"isDelisted":false,"isFavorite":false,"isFrozen":false,"hasUnlockableContent":false,"tokenId":"3379","collection":{"__ref":"Q29sbGVjdGlvblR5cGU6MzY3NDA5MQ=="},"orderData":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:orderData"},"name":"Flame River Chumbi","authenticityMetadata":null,"imageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","creator":null,"assetOwners(first:1)":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:assetOwners(first:1)"},"animationUrl":null,"backgroundColor":null,"description":"Chumbi are adorable bipedal creatures that inhabit a lush and mysterious forest valley. They have a spiritual connection to the forest and use magical spells to maintain and protect it.","isListable":true,"isReportedSuspicious":false,"traits(first:100)":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:traits(first:100)"},"displayImageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","externalLink":null,"isEditableByOwner":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:isEditableByOwner"}, "url":"https:://google.com" ,"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:traits(first:100)","displayImageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","externalLink":null,"isEditableByOwner":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:isEditableByOwner"}'
results = re.findall(r'"url":"(.*?)"', s)

Answer 2

对这个小任务使用正则表达式确实不合适...data 似乎是 JSON“编码”字符串。在 python 中，您可以将其转换为字典并提取其值：

import json

encodedData = '{"ref":{"__ref":"QXNzZXRDb250cmFjdFR5cGU6NDU0OTE3"},"decimals":null,"relayId":"QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==","favoritesCount":10,"isDelisted":false,"isFavorite":false,"isFrozen":false,"hasUnlockableContent":false,"tokenId":"3379","collection":{"__ref":"Q29sbGVjdGlvblR5cGU6MzY3NDA5MQ=="},"orderData":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:orderData"},"name":"Flame River Chumbi","authenticityMetadata":null,"imageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","creator":null,"assetOwners(first:1)":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:assetOwners(first:1)"},"animationUrl":null,"backgroundColor":null,"description":"Chumbi are adorable bipedal creatures that inhabit a lush and mysterious forest valley. They have a spiritual connection to the forest and use magical spells to maintain and protect it.","isListable":true,"isReportedSuspicious":false,"traits(first:100)":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:traits(first:100)"},"displayImageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","externalLink":null,"isEditableByOwner":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:isEditableByOwner"},"url":"https:://google.com","__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:traits(first:100)","displayImageUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Flh3.googleusercontent.com\u002FtM1wwmVb1dA5DadG-QXFBd1nWnqi6DRh7fL0nHgjr2eZkSMKIhcPcwSuBLEvRIgOQRuFDKiovy1kpHSGz4NciKw6oSON-_gdz8aXKw","externalLink":null,"isEditableByOwner":{"__ref":"client:QXNzZXRUeXBlOjE1MDQ5OTUxMQ==:isEditableByOwner"}}'

data = json.loads(encodedData)
url = data['url']

print(url) # https:://google.com

注意：您粘贴的 data 似乎缺少 json 的某些部分。我在开头添加了{"ref":，在结尾添加了}。

如何在 python - 字典值中使用正则表达式从字符串中提取某个子字符串？

How to extract a certain substring from string using regex in python - dictionary value?

python

python-3.x

regex

url

对 OP 评论的回答：