Thymeleaf 表单中的空字段使用 Spring Boot,其他字段正常

Null fields in Thymeleaf form using Spring Boot, other fields fine

我对 Spring Boot 比较陌生。目前,我正在制作一个带有用户注册系统的 Spring 启动应用程序,但我 运行 遇到了问题。尽管请求 post 正确编辑,但表单中的某些字段在后端注册为“空”。

我有一个 HTML/ Thymeleaf 表单,它提交 8 个字段来创建一个 'User' 对象。这是表格:

<form th:action="@{/users/register_attempt}" th:object="${user}"
      method="post" style="max-width: 600px; margin: 0 auto;">
    <div class="m-3">
        <div class="form-group row">
            <label class="col-4 col-form-label">DOB: </label>
            <div class="col-8">
                <input type="text" th:field="*{dob}" class="form-control" th:required="required" />
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group row">
            <label class="col-4 col-form-label">First Name: </label>
            <div class="col-8">
                <input type="text" th:field="*{name}" class="form-control" th:required="required" />
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group row">
            <label class="col-4 col-form-label">Surname: </label>
            <div class="col-8">
                <input type="text" th:field="*{surname}" class="form-control" th:required="required" />
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group row">
            <label class="col-4 col-form-label">PPSN: </label>
            <div class="col-8">
                <input type="text" th:field="*{ppsn}" class="form-control" th:required="required" />
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group row">
            <label class="col-4 col-form-label">Address: </label>
            <div class="col-8">
                <input type="text" th:field="*{address}" class="form-control" th:required="required" />
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group row">
            <label class="col-4 col-form-label">Phone Number: </label>
            <div class="col-8">
                <input type="number" th:field="*{phone}" class="form-control"  />
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group row">
            <label class="col-4 col-form-label">E-mail: </label>
            <div class="col-8">
                <input type="email" th:field="*{email}" class="form-control" th:required="required" />
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group row">
            <label class="col-4 col-form-label">Password: </label>
            <div class="col-8">
                <input type="password" th:field="*{password}" class="form-control"
                       required minlength="6" maxlength="10" th:required="required"/>
            </div>
        </div>

        <div>
            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign Up</button>
        </div>
    </div>
</form>

下面是表单代码要模仿的模型:

public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private Long id;

@NotBlank
private String dob;
@NotBlank
private String name;
@NotBlank
private String surname;
@NotBlank
private String ppsn;
@NotBlank
private String address;
@NotBlank
private String phone;
@NotBlank
@Column(unique = true)
private String email;

private String nextApptId;

private String dose1Date;

private String dose2Date;

private String lastLogin;
@NotBlank
private String password;

public User() {
    super();
}

public User(String dob, String name, String surname, String ppsn, String address, String phone, String email, String password) {
    super();
    this.dob = dob;
    this.name = name;
    this.surname = surname;
    this.ppsn = ppsn;
    this.address = address;
    this.phone = phone;
    this.email = email;
    this.password = password;
}
 public Long getId() {
    return id;
}

public String getDob() {
    return dob;
}

public String getName() {
    return name;
}

public String getSurname() {
    return surname;
}

public String getPpsn() {
    return ppsn;
}

public String getAddress() {
    return address;
}

public void setAddress(String address) {
    this.address = address;
}

public String getPhone() {
    return phone;
}

public void setPhone(String phone) {
    this.phone = phone;
}

public String getEmail() {
    return email;
}

public void setEmail(String email) {
    this.email = email;
}

public String getNextApptId() {
    return nextApptId;
}

public void setNextApptId(String apptId) {
    this.nextApptId = apptId;
}

public String getDose1Date() {
    return dose1Date;
}

public void setDose1Date(String dose1Date) {
    this.dose1Date = dose1Date;
}

public String getDose2Date() {
    return dose2Date;
}

public void setDose2Date(String dose2Date) {
    this.dose2Date = dose2Date;
}

public String getLastLogin() {
    return lastLogin;
}

public void setLastLogin(String lastLogin) {
    this.lastLogin = lastLogin;
}

public String getPassword() {
    return password;
}

public void setPassword(String password) {
    this.password = password;
}
}

但出于某种原因我无法弄清楚,前四个字段 - 即 Dob(出生日期)、姓名、姓氏和 PPSN 在服务器端实例化用户对象时产生空错误, 例如:

     `Resolved [org.springframework.validation.BindException: org.springframework.validation.BeanPropertyBindingResult: 4 errors<EOL>
Field error in object 'user' on field 'dob': rejected value [null]; codes [NotBlank.user.dob,NotBlank.dob,NotBlank.java.lang.String,NotBlank]; arguments [org.springframework.context.support.DefaultMessageSourceResolvable: codes [user.dob,dob]; arguments []; default message [dob]]; default message [must not be blank] `.

其他四个字段,地址、Phone、电子邮件和密码似乎工作正常。

据我所知,这不是错字问题(如果最终是这样,请原谅我)。我已经使用 Burp 拦截了 Post 请求,以检查字段的内容是否从表单中提取出来并进入请求,我的用户 class 中的字段名称是否正确,事实上他们都按预期在那里。

我想这意味着问题出在后端控制器代码如何根据模型解释此 post 请求,但我不知道如何或从哪里开始。这是当前控制器:

@GetMapping("/register")
    public String startRegistration(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("user", new User());
        return "register";
    }  

@PostMapping("/register_attempt")
    public String registerAttempt(@Valid User newUser) {
        BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder = new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
        String encodedPassword = passwordEncoder.encode(newUser.getPassword());
        newUser.setPassword(encodedPassword);
        userRepository.save(newUser);
        return "registered_successfully";
    }

编辑:进一步调试和澄清问题仍然存在

从 Post 映射中删除 @Valid 注释并使用老式打印语句显示相同的结果 - 前四个字段为空,原因不明。

    @PostMapping("/register_attempt")
public String registerAttempt(@ModelAttribute("user") User newUser) {
    System.out.println("Saving user ");
    System.out.println("Name " + newUser.getName());
    System.out.println("Last Name " + newUser.getSurname());
    System.out.println("PPSN " +newUser.getPpsn());
    System.out.println("DOB " +newUser.getDob());
    System.out.println("email " +newUser.getEmail());
    System.out.println("address " +newUser.getAddress());
    System.out.println("encrypted password " +newUser.getPassword());
    System.out.println("Phone num " +newUser.getPhone());
    userRepository.save(newUser);
    System.out.println("User saved");
    return "registered_successfully";
}

使用以下虚拟数据:

发送这个Post请求到后端:

这些打印语句的结果:

Saving user 
name null
last Name null
ppsn null
dob null
email foo@bar.com
address Here and there
password password
Phone num 987654321

这些错误消息:

javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException: Validation failed for classes [app.model.User] during persist time for groups [javax.validation.groups.Default, ]
List of constraint violations:[
    ConstraintViolationImpl{interpolatedMessage='must not be blank', propertyPath=surname, rootBeanClass=class app.model.User, messageTemplate='{javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank.message}'}
    ConstraintViolationImpl{interpolatedMessage='must not be blank', propertyPath=dob, rootBeanClass=class app.model.User, messageTemplate='{javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank.message}'}
    ConstraintViolationImpl{interpolatedMessage='must not be blank', propertyPath=name, rootBeanClass=class app.model.User, messageTemplate='{javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank.message}'}
    ConstraintViolationImpl{interpolatedMessage='must not be blank', propertyPath=ppsn, rootBeanClass=class app.model.User, messageTemplate='{javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank.message}'}
]

如果您对发生这种情况的原因有任何见解,我将不胜感激。

你的 Thymeleaf 模板中有 th:object="${user}",所以我必须假设你的控制器中的 @GetMapping 方法已将 User 的实例添加到 Model使用 addAttribute.

在你的 @PostMapping 中,你还应该使用 @ModelAttribute:

@PostMapping("/register_attempt")
public String registerAttempt(@Valid @ModelAttribute("user") User newUser) {
  ...

您还需要为每个字段设置设置器。我看到 User 没有 setName(String name),没有 setDob(String dob),...

一些其他提示:

  1. 不要在控制器方法本身中创建 BCryptPasswordEncoder 个实例。当您使用 Spring 引导时,这应该是一个应用程序范围的单例(在 Spring 术语中称为 bean)。将 class 添加到您的应用程序中,例如ReservationSystemApplicationConfiguration 声明如下:
@Configuration
public class ReservationSystemApplicationConfiguration {
  @Bean
  public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
     return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
  }
}

然后在你的控制器中,注入密码编码器:

@Controller
@RequestMapping("...")
public class MyController {

  private final PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;

  public MyController(PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder) {
    this.passwordEncoder = passwordEncoder;
  }

  @PostMapping("/register_attempt")
  public String registerAttempt(@Valid @ModelAttribute("user") User newUser) {
    String encodedPassword = passwordEncoder.encode(newUser.getPassword());
    newUser.setPassword(encodedPassword);
    userRepository.save(newUser);
    return "registered_successfully";
  }
}
  1. Controller不应该直接调用Repository,而是在两者之间使用Service。

  2. 最好使用不同的对象来映射表单数据和将数据存储到数据库中。有关如何执行此操作的更多信息,请参阅 Form Handling with Thymeleaf