在 cloud-init 中使用有效的 YAML to 运行命令将文本添加到文件

Question

如何使用 cloud-init，运行向文件添加文本（字符串列表）？另外，我是否需要转义冒号 : 字符？看来这个问题是 YAML 验证，但找不到任何示例来帮助我。

这是我试过的方法。 None 个回显命令似乎有效。

#cloud-config

runcmd:
  - aws s3 cp s3://my-bucket/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.tar.gz /opt/elastic/elasticsearch.tar.gz
  - tar -xf /opt/elastic/elasticsearch.tar.gz
  - ln -sv /opt/elastic/elasticsearch-7.7.6 /opt/elastic/elasticsearch
  - cp /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml.bkp
  - echo 'cluster.name: DEMO' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - echo 'node.name: node1' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - echo 'path.data: /opt/elastic/data' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - echo 'path.logs: /opt/elastic/logs' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - echo 'network.host: host1.domain.internal' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - echo 'http.port: 9200' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - echo 'discovery.seed_hosts: ["host1.domain.internal", "host2.domain.internal", "host3.domain.internal"]' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - echo 'cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node1", "node2", "node3"]' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml

Answer 1

您没有充分引用列表中的值，因此 echo 语句中的 : 被解释为 key: value 分隔符。您想要引用每一行的全部内容，最好的方法可能是使用 YAML 引用运算符之一（>、折叠引用运算符或 | 文字引用运算符） .您会找到有关此主题的一些文档 here。

像这样：

#cloud-config

runcmd:
  - |
    aws s3 cp s3://my-bucket/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.tar.gz /opt/elastic/elasticsearch.tar.gz
  - |
    tar -xf /opt/elastic/elasticsearch.tar.gz
  - |
    ln -sv /opt/elastic/elasticsearch-7.7.6 /opt/elastic/elasticsearch
  - |
    cp /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml.bkp
  - |
    echo 'cluster.name: DEMO' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - |
    echo 'node.name: node1' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - |
    echo 'path.data: /opt/elastic/data' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - |
    echo 'path.logs: /opt/elastic/logs' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - |
    echo 'network.host: host1.domain.internal' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - |
    echo 'http.port: 9200' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - |
    echo 'discovery.seed_hosts: ["host1.domain.internal", "host2.domain.internal", "host3.domain.internal"]' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
  - |
    echo 'cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node1", "node2", "node3"]' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml

您可以通过一个 YAML-to-JSON 转换器，它将向您显示：

[
  "aws s3 cp s3://my-bucket/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.tar.gz /opt/elastic/elasticsearch.tar.gz\n",
  "tar -xf /opt/elastic/elasticsearch.tar.gz\n",
  "ln -sv /opt/elastic/elasticsearch-7.7.6 /opt/elastic/elasticsearch\n",
  "cp /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml.bkp\n",
  "echo 'cluster.name: DEMO' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml\n",
  "echo 'node.name: node1' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml\n",
  "echo 'path.data: /opt/elastic/data' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml\n",
  "echo 'path.logs: /opt/elastic/logs' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml\n",
  "echo 'network.host: host1.domain.internal' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml\n",
  "echo 'http.port: 9200' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml\n",
  "echo 'discovery.seed_hosts: [\"host1.domain.internal\", \"host2.domain.internal\", \"host3.domain.internal\"]' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml\n",
  "echo 'cluster.initial_master_nodes: [\"node1\", \"node2\", \"node3\"]' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml\n"
]

你应该能够将这些行组合成一个单独的 multi-line shell 脚本，就像这样（我冒昧地将多个 echo 语句替换为单个“这里”-文件）：

#cloud-config

runcmd:
  - |
    aws s3 cp s3://my-bucket/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.tar.gz /opt/elastic/elasticsearch.tar.gz
    tar -xf /opt/elastic/elasticsearch.tar.gz
    ln -sv /opt/elastic/elasticsearch-7.7.6 /opt/elastic/elasticsearch
    cp /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml.bkp

    cat >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml <<EOF
    cluster.name: DEMO' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
    node.name: node1' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
    path.data: /opt/elastic/data' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
    path.logs: /opt/elastic/logs' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
    network.host: host1.domain.internal' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
    http.port: 9200' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
    discovery.seed_hosts: ["host1.domain.internal", "host2.domain.internal", "host3.domain.internal"]' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
    cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node1", "node2", "node3"]' >> /opt/elastic/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml
    EOF

这可能更易于阅读和维护。

在 cloud-init 中使用有效的 YAML to 运行命令将文本添加到文件

Using valid YAML in cloud-init to run commands that add text to file

bash

yaml

cloud-init

在 cloud-init 中使用有效的 YAML to 运行 命令将文本添加到文件

Using valid YAML in cloud-init to run commands that add text to file

bash

yaml

cloud-init

在 cloud-init 中使用有效的 YAML to 运行命令将文本添加到文件