无法使用 python 连接到 Informix DB
Cannot connect to Informix DB using python
我尝试了很多方法来使用 python 代码连接到 IBM Informix DB (pyodbc, IfxPy, pymssql, ibm_db, ibm_db_sa) 但到目前为止我运气不好，我收到以下错误：
1
import pyodbc
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
import ibm_db, ibm_db_dbi
conn_str='database=database_name;hostname=host;port=16827;protocol=tcp/ip;uid=username;PWD=password'
ibm_db_conn = ibm_db.connect(conn_str,'','')
conn = ibm_db_dbi.Connection(ibm_db_conn)
cur = conn.cursor()
cur.execute("select id, name from employee")
rows=cur.fetchall()
for row in rows:
print(row)
错误：
----> 4 ibm_db_conn = ibm_db.connect(conn_str,'','')
5 conn = ibm_db_dbi.Connection(ibm_db_conn)
6
SQLCODE=-1013on: [IBM][CLI Driver] SQL1013N The database alias name or database name "" could not be found. SQLSTATE=42705
2
CONNECTION_STRING = 'DRIVER={%s};SERVER=%s;DATABASE=%s;UID=%s;PWD=%s;HOST=%s' % (DRIVER, SERVER, DATABASE, USERNAME, PASSWORD, HOST)
con = pyodbc.connect(CONNECTION_STRING, autocommit=False)
cur = con.cursor()
cur.execute("select * from employee")
rows=cur.fetchall()
for row in rows:
print(row)
错误：
----> 3 con = pyodbc.connect(constr, autocommit=False)
4 cur = conn.cursor()
5 cur.execute("select * from employee")
OperationalError: ('08001', '[08001] [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][DBNETLIB]SQL Server does not exist or access denied. (17) (SQLDriverConnect); [08001] [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][DBNETLIB]ConnectionOpen (Connect()). (53); [08001] [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver]Invalid connection string attribute (0)')
3
engine = create_engine("ibm_db_sa://informix:informix@host:16827/database_name")
for row in engine.connect().execute('select * from employee'):
print(row)
错误：
---> 32 from sqlalchemy.connectors.zxJDBC import ZxJDBCConnector
33 from .base import _SelectLastRowIDMixin, DB2Dialect, DB2ExecutionContext, DB2Compiler
34 from . import reflection as ibm_reflection
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'sqlalchemy.connectors.zxJDBC'
4
# Using SQLAlchemy
import pyodbc
engine1 = create_engine("pyodbc+ibm_db://informix:informix@host:16827/database_name")
for row in engine1.connect().execute('select * from employee'):
print(row)
错误：
NoSuchModuleError: Can't load plugin: sqlalchemy.dialects:pyodbc.ibm_db
5
import IfxPy
ConStr = "SERVER=lo_informix1410;DATABASE=database_name;HOST=host;SERVICE=16827;uid=username;PWD=password;"
conn=IfxPy.connect(ConStr,"","")
错误：
----> 1 import IfxPy
2 ConStr = "SERVER=lo_informix1410;DATABASE=database_name;HOST=host;SERVICE=16827;uid=username;PWD=password;"
3 conn=IfxPy.connect(ConStr,"","")
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing IfxPy: The specified module could not be found.
有人可以建议如何在 Windows 和 Linux 环境中使用 python 连接到 IBM Informix DB 进行 运行 查询吗？
谢谢
这展示了如何从头开始构建 IfxPy
informix@irk:/tmp$ mkdir test
informix@irk:/tmp$ cd test
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ python3 -V
Python 3.10.1
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ export INFORMIXDIR=/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ export CSDK_HOME=$INFORMIXDIR
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/lib:$INFORMIXDIR/lib/esql:$INFORMIXDIR/lib/cli
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ git clone https://github.com/OpenInformix/IfxPy.git
Cloning into 'IfxPy'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 2189, done.
...
...
Resolving deltas: 100% (1623/1623), done.
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ cd IfxPy/IfxPy
informix@irk:/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy$ python3 setup.py bdist_wheel --plat-name manylinux1_x86_64
Detected 64-bit Python
Smart Triggers are enabled.
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10
copying IfxPyDbi.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10
running build_ext
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10
gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -DHAVE_SMARTTRIGGER -I/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy -I/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy/Include -I/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/incl/cli -I/usr/local/include/python3.10 -c ifxpyc.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10/ifxpyc.o
ifxpyc.c: In function 'estrndup':
ifxpyc.c:158:13: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]
....
....
running install
running install_lib
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/wheel
running install_egg_info
running egg_info
creating IfxPy.egg-info
writing manifest file 'IfxPy.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
warning: no files found matching '*.pyd'
writing manifest file 'IfxPy.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
Copying IfxPy.egg-info to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/wheel/IfxPy-3.0.5-py3.10.egg-info
running install_scripts
informix@irk:/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy$
informix@irk:/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy$ sudo pip3 install ./dist/IfxPy-3.0.5-cp310-cp310-manylinux1_x86_64.whl --force-reinstall
Processing ./dist/IfxPy-3.0.5-cp310-cp310-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Installing collected packages: IfxPy
Attempting uninstall: IfxPy
Found existing installation: IfxPy 3.0.5
Uninstalling IfxPy-3.0.5:
Successfully uninstalled IfxPy-3.0.5
Successfully installed IfxPy-3.0.5
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv
WARNING: You are using pip version 21.2.4; however, version 22.0.3 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/usr/local/bin/python3.10 -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
informix@irk:/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy$
informix@irk:/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy$ cd /tmp
informix@irk:/tmp$ cat test.py
import IfxPy
ConStr="Driver={IBM INFORMIX ODBC DRIVER};SERVER=ol_informix1410_1;DATABASE=sysmaster;host=irk;service=13808;protocol=onsoctcp"
conn=IfxPy.connect(ConStr,"informix","whocares")
if conn:
stmt = IfxPy.exec_immediate(conn, "SELECT tabname FROM systables")
res = IfxPy.fetch_tuple(stmt)
rows = res[0]
print (rows)
informix@irk:/tmp$ python3 test.py
systables
如果我从 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 中删除 cli 目录，我会收到同样的错误，抱怨找不到 libthcli.so
informix@irk:/tmp$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/lib:$INFORMIXDIR/lib/esql
informix@irk:/tmp$ python3 test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/tmp/test.py", line 1, in <module>
import IfxPy
ImportError: libthcli.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
informix@irk:/tmp$
informix@irk:/tmp$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/lib:$INFORMIXDIR/lib/esql:$INFORMIXDIR/lib/cli
informix@irk:/tmp$
informix@irk:/tmp$ python3 test.py
systables
informix@irk:/tmp$
informix@irk:/tmp$
你能得到一个 strace 并检查在哪里搜索库吗？
类似于：
informix@irk:/tmp$ strace -o trace.txt python3 test.py
systables
informix@irk:/tmp$ grep libthcli.so trace.txt
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib/libthcli.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib/esql/libthcli.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib/cli/libthcli.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
informix@irk:/tmp$
您可以尝试的另一个测试是将 lib 目录添加到系统路径
informix@irk:/tmp$ cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ifx.conf
/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib
/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib/esql
/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib/cli
informix@irk:/tmp$ sudo ldconfig
informix@irk:/tmp$ unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH
informix@irk:/tmp$ python3 test.py
systables
informix@irk:/tmp$
我尝试了很多方法来使用 python 代码连接到 IBM Informix DB (pyodbc, IfxPy, pymssql, ibm_db, ibm_db_sa) 但到目前为止我运气不好，我收到以下错误：
1
import pyodbc
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
import ibm_db, ibm_db_dbi
conn_str='database=database_name;hostname=host;port=16827;protocol=tcp/ip;uid=username;PWD=password'
ibm_db_conn = ibm_db.connect(conn_str,'','')
conn = ibm_db_dbi.Connection(ibm_db_conn)
cur = conn.cursor()
cur.execute("select id, name from employee")
rows=cur.fetchall()
for row in rows:
print(row)
错误：
----> 4 ibm_db_conn = ibm_db.connect(conn_str,'','')
5 conn = ibm_db_dbi.Connection(ibm_db_conn)
6
SQLCODE=-1013on: [IBM][CLI Driver] SQL1013N The database alias name or database name "" could not be found. SQLSTATE=42705
2
CONNECTION_STRING = 'DRIVER={%s};SERVER=%s;DATABASE=%s;UID=%s;PWD=%s;HOST=%s' % (DRIVER, SERVER, DATABASE, USERNAME, PASSWORD, HOST)
con = pyodbc.connect(CONNECTION_STRING, autocommit=False)
cur = con.cursor()
cur.execute("select * from employee")
rows=cur.fetchall()
for row in rows:
print(row)
错误：
----> 3 con = pyodbc.connect(constr, autocommit=False)
4 cur = conn.cursor()
5 cur.execute("select * from employee")
OperationalError: ('08001', '[08001] [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][DBNETLIB]SQL Server does not exist or access denied. (17) (SQLDriverConnect); [08001] [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][DBNETLIB]ConnectionOpen (Connect()). (53); [08001] [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver]Invalid connection string attribute (0)')
3
engine = create_engine("ibm_db_sa://informix:informix@host:16827/database_name")
for row in engine.connect().execute('select * from employee'):
print(row)
错误：
---> 32 from sqlalchemy.connectors.zxJDBC import ZxJDBCConnector
33 from .base import _SelectLastRowIDMixin, DB2Dialect, DB2ExecutionContext, DB2Compiler
34 from . import reflection as ibm_reflection
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'sqlalchemy.connectors.zxJDBC'
4
# Using SQLAlchemy
import pyodbc
engine1 = create_engine("pyodbc+ibm_db://informix:informix@host:16827/database_name")
for row in engine1.connect().execute('select * from employee'):
print(row)
错误：
NoSuchModuleError: Can't load plugin: sqlalchemy.dialects:pyodbc.ibm_db
5
import IfxPy
ConStr = "SERVER=lo_informix1410;DATABASE=database_name;HOST=host;SERVICE=16827;uid=username;PWD=password;"
conn=IfxPy.connect(ConStr,"","")
错误：
----> 1 import IfxPy
2 ConStr = "SERVER=lo_informix1410;DATABASE=database_name;HOST=host;SERVICE=16827;uid=username;PWD=password;"
3 conn=IfxPy.connect(ConStr,"","")
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing IfxPy: The specified module could not be found.
有人可以建议如何在 Windows 和 Linux 环境中使用 python 连接到 IBM Informix DB 进行 运行 查询吗？
谢谢
这展示了如何从头开始构建 IfxPy
informix@irk:/tmp$ mkdir test
informix@irk:/tmp$ cd test
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ python3 -V
Python 3.10.1
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ export INFORMIXDIR=/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ export CSDK_HOME=$INFORMIXDIR
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/lib:$INFORMIXDIR/lib/esql:$INFORMIXDIR/lib/cli
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ git clone https://github.com/OpenInformix/IfxPy.git
Cloning into 'IfxPy'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 2189, done.
...
...
Resolving deltas: 100% (1623/1623), done.
informix@irk:/tmp/test$ cd IfxPy/IfxPy
informix@irk:/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy$ python3 setup.py bdist_wheel --plat-name manylinux1_x86_64
Detected 64-bit Python
Smart Triggers are enabled.
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10
copying IfxPyDbi.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.10
running build_ext
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10
gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -DHAVE_SMARTTRIGGER -I/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy -I/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy/Include -I/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/incl/cli -I/usr/local/include/python3.10 -c ifxpyc.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.10/ifxpyc.o
ifxpyc.c: In function 'estrndup':
ifxpyc.c:158:13: warning: comparison between signed and unsigned integer expressions [-Wsign-compare]
....
....
running install
running install_lib
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/wheel
running install_egg_info
running egg_info
creating IfxPy.egg-info
writing manifest file 'IfxPy.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
warning: no files found matching '*.pyd'
writing manifest file 'IfxPy.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
Copying IfxPy.egg-info to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/wheel/IfxPy-3.0.5-py3.10.egg-info
running install_scripts
informix@irk:/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy$
informix@irk:/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy$ sudo pip3 install ./dist/IfxPy-3.0.5-cp310-cp310-manylinux1_x86_64.whl --force-reinstall
Processing ./dist/IfxPy-3.0.5-cp310-cp310-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Installing collected packages: IfxPy
Attempting uninstall: IfxPy
Found existing installation: IfxPy 3.0.5
Uninstalling IfxPy-3.0.5:
Successfully uninstalled IfxPy-3.0.5
Successfully installed IfxPy-3.0.5
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv
WARNING: You are using pip version 21.2.4; however, version 22.0.3 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/usr/local/bin/python3.10 -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
informix@irk:/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy$
informix@irk:/tmp/test/IfxPy/IfxPy$ cd /tmp
informix@irk:/tmp$ cat test.py
import IfxPy
ConStr="Driver={IBM INFORMIX ODBC DRIVER};SERVER=ol_informix1410_1;DATABASE=sysmaster;host=irk;service=13808;protocol=onsoctcp"
conn=IfxPy.connect(ConStr,"informix","whocares")
if conn:
stmt = IfxPy.exec_immediate(conn, "SELECT tabname FROM systables")
res = IfxPy.fetch_tuple(stmt)
rows = res[0]
print (rows)
informix@irk:/tmp$ python3 test.py
systables
如果我从 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 中删除 cli 目录，我会收到同样的错误，抱怨找不到 libthcli.so
informix@irk:/tmp$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/lib:$INFORMIXDIR/lib/esql
informix@irk:/tmp$ python3 test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/tmp/test.py", line 1, in <module>
import IfxPy
ImportError: libthcli.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
informix@irk:/tmp$
informix@irk:/tmp$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/lib:$INFORMIXDIR/lib/esql:$INFORMIXDIR/lib/cli
informix@irk:/tmp$
informix@irk:/tmp$ python3 test.py
systables
informix@irk:/tmp$
informix@irk:/tmp$
你能得到一个 strace 并检查在哪里搜索库吗？ 类似于：
informix@irk:/tmp$ strace -o trace.txt python3 test.py
systables
informix@irk:/tmp$ grep libthcli.so trace.txt
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib/libthcli.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib/esql/libthcli.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
openat(AT_FDCWD, "/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib/cli/libthcli.so", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
informix@irk:/tmp$
您可以尝试的另一个测试是将 lib 目录添加到系统路径
informix@irk:/tmp$ cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ifx.conf
/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib
/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib/esql
/opt/informix/IBM/4.50.FC5/lib/cli
informix@irk:/tmp$ sudo ldconfig
informix@irk:/tmp$ unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH
informix@irk:/tmp$ python3 test.py
systables
informix@irk:/tmp$