ASP.NET 核心 Web API 和 MongoDB 具有多个集合和多个数据库

Question

有了这个问题 ASP.NET Core Web API and MongoDB with multiple Collections 的回答，我可以看到 mongodb 的 WITH single 数据库完美使用单例和惰性初始化和多个集合。

Startup.cs

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
        {
            c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "Asset Model API", Version = "v1" });
        });

        ConfigureMongoDb(services);

        services.AddControllers()
            .AddJsonOptions(options => options.JsonSerializerOptions.PropertyNamingPolicy = null);
    }

    private void ConfigureMongoDb(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        var settings = GetMongoDbSettings();
        services.AddSingleton(_ => CreateMongoDatabase(settings));

        AddMongoDbService<AuthorService, Author>(settings.AuthorsCollectionName);
        AddMongoDbService<BookService, Book>(settings.BooksCollectionName);

        void AddMongoDbService<TService, TModel>(string collectionName)
        {
            services.AddSingleton(sp => sp.GetRequiredService<IMongoDatabase>().GetCollection<TModel>(collectionName));
            services.AddSingleton(typeof(TService));
        }
    }

    private DatabaseSettings GetMongoDbSettings() =>
        Configuration.GetSection(nameof(DatabaseSettings)).Get<DatabaseSettings>();

    private static IMongoDatabase CreateMongoDatabase(DatabaseSettings settings)
    {
        var client = new MongoClient(settings.ConnectionString);
        return client.GetDatabase(settings.DatabaseName);
    }

BookService.cs

public class BookService
{
    private readonly IMongoCollection<Book> _books;

    public BookService(IMongoCollection<Book> books)
    {
        _books = books;
    }

    public List<Book> Get() => _books.Find(book => true).ToList();
}

BooksController.cs

public class BooksController : ControllerBase
{
    private readonly BookService _bookService;

    public BooksController(BookService bookService)
    {
        _bookService = bookService;
    }

    [HttpGet]
    public ActionResult<List<Book>> Get() => _bookService.Get();
}

我的用例：我有多个数据库，我的 API 端点将接受 database name 作为参数之一

  [HttpGet]
    public ActionResult<List<Book>> Get(string dbName) => _bookService.Get(dbName);

现在的问题是，我的 service class 和 ConfigureMongoDb 启动方法 class 需要做哪些更改，以便我仍然可以获得惰性初始化和单例支持？

Answer 1

您可以创建一个 class 来提供基于数据库名称的集合，而不是将 IMongoCollection 注入服务（BooksService，...），例如

public class MongoCollectionProvider
{
  private readonly IMongoClient _client;

  public MongoDbCollectionProvider(IMongoClient client) 
  {
    _client = client;
  }

  public IMongoCollection<T> GetCollection<T>(string database, string collection)
  {
    var db = _client.GetDatabase(database);
    return db.GetCollection<T>(collection);
  }
}

然后您可以将此 class 注入服务并在查询数据库之前检索集合，例如

public class BookService
{
    private readonly MongoCollectionProvider _prov;
    private readonly string _coll;

    public BookService(MongoCollectionProvider prov, string coll)
    {
        _prov = prov;
        _coll = coll;
    }

    public List<Book> Get(string dbName) => _prov.GetCollection<Book>(dbName, _coll).Find(book => true).ToList();
}

您可以这样注册服务：

private void ConfigureMongoDb(IServiceCollection services)
{
  var settings = GetMongoDbSettings();
  services.AddSingleton(_ => CreateMongoClient(settings));
  services.AddSingleton<MongoCollectionProvider>();

  services.AddSingleton(sp => 
  {
    var prov = sp.GetRequiredService<MongoCollectionProvider>();
    return new AuthorsService(prov, settings.AuthorsCollectionName);
  }
  services.AddSingleton(sp => 
  {
    var prov = sp.GetRequiredService<MongoCollectionProvider>();
    return new BooksService(prov, settings.BooksCollectionName);
  }
}

private DatabaseSettings GetMongoDbSettings() => Configuration.GetSection(nameof(DatabaseSettings)).Get<DatabaseSettings>();

private static IMongoDatabase CreateMongoClient(DatabaseSettings settings)
{
  return new MongoClient(settings.ConnectionString);
}

如果您想将数据库限制为特定的数据库，您可以将 MongoCollectionProvider 更改为仅接受已注册的数据库名称。

ASP.NET 核心 Web API 和 MongoDB 具有多个集合和多个数据库

ASP.NET Core Web API and MongoDB with multiple Collections and multiple Databases

c#

mongodb

asp.net-core

dependency-injection

singleton