用于状态检查的序列化程序

Question

我有一个 Django 项目，其中一家餐厅有订单和 tables。您可以在下面看到模型：

class Order(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = (
        ("in_progress", "In_progress"),
        ('completed', 'Completed')
    )
    table = models.ForeignKey(Table, on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=False, null=False, related_name='order_table')
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=False, null=False, related_name='order_user')
    status = models.CharField(choices=STATUS_CHOICES, null=True, max_length=15)

如果 table 仍在进行中，我应该限制创建新订单。我想它应该通过序列化程序完成，但不知道验证以及如何将请求与数据库信息连接

当前序列化程序（标准）：

class OrdersModelSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Order
        fields = "__all__"

当前视图：

class OrdersFilter(filters.FilterSet):
    class Meta:
        model = Order
        fields = (
            'user', 'table__id', 'status',
        )


class OrdersModelViewSet(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Order.objects.all()
    serializer_class = OrdersModelSerializer
    pagination_class = LimitOffsetPagination   
    filter_backends = (DjangoFilterBackend, OrderingFilter)
    filter_class = OrdersFilter
    ordering_fields = ('table', 'user', 'status')

Answer 1

您可以指定 PrimaryKeyRelatedField 中的 queryset=… 排除 Table，因为 Order 和 status='in_progress':

from rest_framework import serializers

class OrdersModelSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    table = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(
        <strong>queryset=Table.objects.exclude(order_table__status='in_progress')</strong>
    )
    
    class Meta:
        model = Order
        fields = '__all__'

Note: It is normally better to make use of the settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL [Django-doc] to refer to the user model, than to use the User model [Django-doc] directly. For more information you can see the referencing the User model section of the documentation.

用于状态检查的序列化程序

Serializer for status check

django

validation

serialization