将 vars/main.yml 中的变量替换为 ansible 清单

Question

我正在将许多用于配置机房的旧脚本移动到 ansible 中，它确实改善了工作流程。目前，我有几个剧本，我需要在它们之间共享一个通用配置。但是在一项任务中我遇到了一个问题：我需要一个 hostname/ip 作为清单中的变量。我已经阅读了很多教程和文档，也许我很笨或者很累，但经过几个小时我还没有找到解决方案，似乎这是不可能的。 Dynamics inventory，group_vars 等等看起来很像但实际上与我在这里要求的不同。我创建了一个 mwe 来轻松展示案例。这个 mwe 是一个子集，但主要思想仍然存在：vars/main.yml 中的变量将在各种剧本（简单）和库存（这里的问题）之间共享。提前致谢。

ansible.cfg:

[ssh_connection]
pipelining = True
control_path = /tmp/ansible-ssh-%%h-%%p-%%r

[defaults]
interpreter_python = python3

库存（ini格式，也试过yaml）

[master]
192.168.10.1 ansible_connection=local

[package_clients]
192.168.10.[3:29]

[package_server]
{{PACKAGE_SERVER}} # <--- This var commes from vars/main.yml

site.yaml:

---
- name: Configuring package server (exports spack packages)
  hosts: package_server
  gather_facts: false
  vars_files:
    - vars/main.yml
  tasks:

  - name: Printing package server name
    debug:
      msg: "PACKAGE_SERVER  variable -> {{PACKAGE_SERVER}}"

  - name: Creating package dir (this throws an error sin PACKAGE_SERVER is not replaced in inventory)
    file:
      path: /packages
      state: directory

vars/main.yml

# Server internal ip
BASE_SERVERIP: '192.168.10'
# Package Server: Simply shares a directory with spack and packages
PACKAGE_SERVER: '{{BASE_SERVERIP}}.2'

当我运行这样

ansible-playbook -i inventory site.yml --check

我收到以下错误：

PLAY [Configuring package server (exports spack packages)] *******************************************************************************************
TASK [Printing package server name] ******************************************************************************************************************
ok: [{{PACKAGE_SERVER}}] => {    "msg": "PACKAGE_SERVER  variable -> 192.168.10.2"
}
TASK [Creating package dir (this throws an error sin PACKAGE_SERVER is not replaced in inventory)] ***************************************************fatal: [{{PACKAGE_SERVER}}]: UNREACHABLE! => {"changed": false, "msg": "Failed to connect to the host via ssh: ssh: Could not resolve hostname {{package_server}}: Name or service not known", "unreachable": true}
PLAY RECAP *******************************************************************************************************************************************
{{PACKAGE_SERVER}}         : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=1    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

Answer 1

使用模块add_host并在第一个游戏中创建新组package_server。然后在第二场比赛中使用它。例如

shell> cat playbook.yml
---
- name: Create group package_server
  hosts: localhost
  gather_facts: false
  vars:
    BASE_SERVERIP: 192.168.10
    PACKAGE_SERVER: "{{ BASE_SERVERIP }}.2"
  tasks:
    - add_host:
        hostname: "{{ PACKAGE_SERVER }}"
        groups: package_server

- name: Use group package_server
  hosts: package_server
  gather_facts: false
  tasks:
    - debug:
        msg: Creating package dir

给予

shell> ansible-playbook playbook.yml

PLAY [Create group package_server] **************************************

TASK [add_host] *********************************************************
changed: [localhost]

PLAY [Use group package_server] *****************************************

TASK [debug] ************************************************************
ok: [192.168.10.2] => 
  msg: Creating package dir

PLAY RECAP **************************************************************
192.168.10.2: ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0   
localhost   : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0

主机列表

如果您想向组中添加更多主机，请创建一个列表。切片的扩展，例如192.168.10.[3:6]，仅适用于 inventory。使用过滤器在列表中声明这样的范围，例如

- name: Create group package_server
  hosts: localhost
  gather_facts: false
  vars:
    clients: "{{ ['192.168.10']|
                 product(range(3,6))|
                 map('join', '.')|
                 list }}"
  tasks:
    - debug:
        var: clients
    - add_host:
        hostname: "{{ item }}"
        groups: package_server
      loop: "{{ clients }}"

创建下面的列表并将主机添加到组中 package_server

clients:
  - 192.168.10.3
  - 192.168.10.4
  - 192.168.10.5

任何八位字节都可以声明为一个序列，例如

    c:
      A: [192]
      B: [168]
      C: [10, 12]
      D: [3, 5]
    clients: "{{ range(c.A.0, c.A.1|d(c.A.0 + 1))|
                 product(range(c.B.0, c.B.1|d(c.B.0 + 1)))|map('flatten')|
                 product(range(c.C.0, c.C.1|d(c.C.0 + 1)))|map('flatten')|
                 product(range(c.D.0, c.D.1|d(c.D.0 + 1)))|map('flatten')|
                 map('join', '.')|list }}"

给予

clients:
  - 192.168.10.3
  - 192.168.10.4
  - 192.168.11.3
  - 192.168.11.4

将 vars/main.yml 中的变量替换为 ansible 清单

Replacing variable from vars/main.yml into ansible inventory

dynamic

inventory

ansible