pytest_postgresql 示例引发导入错误 psycopg
pytest_postgresql example raises import error psycopg
我目前正在尝试在我的环境中获取 pytest_postgresql 运行。
在我开始之前：我可以用它自己测试 sql 代码吗？不只是像你的数据库连接这样的事情会这样吗？
所以我从 github 自述文件中复制了示例测试：
def test_example_postgres(postgresql):
"""Check main postgresql fixture."""
cur = postgresql.cursor()
cur.execute("CREATE TABLE test (id serial PRIMARY KEY, num integer, data varchar);")
postgresql.commit()
cur.close()
比我试过：pytest
我得到了：
================================================================================================================= ERRORS =================================================================================================================
________________________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR at setup of test_example_postgres _________________________________________________________________________________________________
request = <SubRequest 'postgresql' for <Function test_example_postgres>>
@pytest.fixture
def postgresql_factory(request: FixtureRequest) -> Iterator[connection]:
"""
Fixture factory for PostgreSQL.
:param request: fixture request object
:returns: postgresql client
"""
> check_for_psycopg()
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\factories\client.py:56:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
def check_for_psycopg() -> None:
"""
Function checks whether psycopg was imported.
Raises ImportError if not.
"""
if not psycopg:
> raise ImportError("No module named psycopg. Please install psycopg.")
E ImportError: No module named psycopg. Please install psycopg.
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\compat.py:35: ImportError
======================================================================================================== short test summary info =========================================================================================================
ERROR test_postgresql.py::test_example_postgres - ImportError: No module named psycopg. Please install psycopg.
============================================================================================================ 1 error in 0.12s ============================================================================================================
所以我尝试了：pip install psycopg
我得到了：
Requirement already satisfied: psycopg in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: tzdata in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (from psycopg) (2021.5)
所以我想如果我导入它 python 可能会发现包已经安装了:
import psycopg
def test_example_postgres(postgresql):
"""Check main postgresql fixture."""
cur = postgresql.cursor()
cur.execute("CREATE TABLE test (id serial PRIMARY KEY, num integer, data varchar);")
postgresql.commit()
cur.close()
我试过了：pytest
我得到了：
========================================================================================================== test session starts ===========================================================================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.9.4, pytest-7.0.1, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql
plugins: postgresql-4.1.0
collected 0 items / 1 error
================================================================================================================= ERRORS =================================================================================================================
__________________________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR collecting test_postgresql.py ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
ImportError while importing test module 'C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\test_postgresql.py'.
Hint: make sure your test modules/packages have valid Python names.
Traceback:
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\importlib\__init__.py:127: in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
test_postgresql.py:1: in <module>
import psycopg
venv\lib\site-packages\psycopg\__init__.py:9: in <module>
from . import pq # noqa: F401 import early to stabilize side effects
venv\lib\site-packages\psycopg\pq\__init__.py:114: in <module>
import_from_libpq()
venv\lib\site-packages\psycopg\pq\__init__.py:106: in import_from_libpq
raise ImportError(
E ImportError: no pq wrapper available.
E Attempts made:
E - couldn't import psycopg 'c' implementation: No module named 'psycopg_c'
E - couldn't import psycopg 'binary' implementation: No module named 'psycopg_binary'
E - couldn't import psycopg 'python' implementation: libpq library not found
======================================================================================================== short test summary info =========================================================================================================
ERROR test_postgresql.py
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Interrupted: 1 error during collection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
============================================================================================================ 1 error in 0.15s ============================================================================================================
这就是我 运行 不知道接下来要尝试什么的地方。我试着用谷歌搜索这个问题，但我空手而归。有人知道我该如何解决这个问题吗？
编辑：
根据 pip uninstall psycopg 的建议，然后 pip install psycopg[binary]
我得到了：
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.18363.2094]
(c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.
(venv) C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql>pip install psycopg
Requirement already satisfied: psycopg in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: tzdata in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (from psycopg) (2021.5)
(venv) C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql>pip install psycopg[binary]
Requirement already satisfied: psycopg[binary] in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: tzdata in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (from psycopg[binary]) (2021.5)
Collecting psycopg-binary==3.0.9
Downloading psycopg_binary-3.0.9-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl (2.9 MB)
---------------------------------------- 2.9/2.9 MB 10.3 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Installing collected packages: psycopg-binary
Successfully installed psycopg-binary-3.0.9
pytest 得到了我：
========================================================================================================== test session starts ===========================================================================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.9.4, pytest-7.0.1, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql
plugins: postgresql-4.1.0
collected 1 item
test_postgresql.py E [100%]
================================================================================================================= ERRORS =================================================================================================================
________________________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR at setup of test_example_postgres _________________________________________________________________________________________________
request = <SubRequest 'postgresql' for <Function test_example_postgres>>
@pytest.fixture
def postgresql_factory(request: FixtureRequest) -> Iterator[connection]:
"""
Fixture factory for PostgreSQL.
:param request: fixture request object
:returns: postgresql client
"""
check_for_psycopg()
> proc_fixture: Union[PostgreSQLExecutor, NoopExecutor] = request.getfixturevalue(
process_fixture_name
)
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\factories\client.py:57:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\factories\process.py:104: in postgresql_proc_fixture
pg_bindir = subprocess.check_output(
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:424: in check_output
return run(*popenargs, stdout=PIPE, timeout=timeout, check=True,
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:505: in run
with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process:
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:951: in __init__
self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
self = <Popen: returncode: None args: ['pg_config', '--bindir']>, args = 'pg_config --bindir', executable = None, preexec_fn = None, close_fds = False, pass_fds = (), cwd = None, env = None
startupinfo = <subprocess.STARTUPINFO object at 0x000002A882A007C0>, creationflags = 0, shell = False, p2cread = Handle(880), p2cwrite = -1, c2pread = 14, c2pwrite = Handle(748), errread = -1, errwrite = Handle(632)
unused_restore_signals = True, unused_gid = None, unused_gids = None, unused_uid = None, unused_umask = -1, unused_start_new_session = False
def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
pass_fds, cwd, env,
startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
p2cread, p2cwrite,
c2pread, c2pwrite,
errread, errwrite,
unused_restore_signals,
unused_gid, unused_gids, unused_uid,
unused_umask,
unused_start_new_session):
"""Execute program (MS Windows version)"""
assert not pass_fds, "pass_fds not supported on Windows."
if isinstance(args, str):
pass
elif isinstance(args, bytes):
if shell:
raise TypeError('bytes args is not allowed on Windows')
args = list2cmdline([args])
elif isinstance(args, os.PathLike):
if shell:
raise TypeError('path-like args is not allowed when '
'shell is true')
args = list2cmdline([args])
else:
args = list2cmdline(args)
if executable is not None:
executable = os.fsdecode(executable)
# Process startup details
if startupinfo is None:
startupinfo = STARTUPINFO()
else:
# bpo-34044: Copy STARTUPINFO since it is modified above,
# so the caller can reuse it multiple times.
startupinfo = startupinfo.copy()
use_std_handles = -1 not in (p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite)
if use_std_handles:
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESTDHANDLES
startupinfo.hStdInput = p2cread
startupinfo.hStdOutput = c2pwrite
startupinfo.hStdError = errwrite
attribute_list = startupinfo.lpAttributeList
have_handle_list = bool(attribute_list and
"handle_list" in attribute_list and
attribute_list["handle_list"])
# If we were given an handle_list or need to create one
if have_handle_list or (use_std_handles and close_fds):
if attribute_list is None:
attribute_list = startupinfo.lpAttributeList = {}
handle_list = attribute_list["handle_list"] = \
list(attribute_list.get("handle_list", []))
if use_std_handles:
handle_list += [int(p2cread), int(c2pwrite), int(errwrite)]
handle_list[:] = self._filter_handle_list(handle_list)
if handle_list:
if not close_fds:
warnings.warn("startupinfo.lpAttributeList['handle_list'] "
"overriding close_fds", RuntimeWarning)
# When using the handle_list we always request to inherit
# handles but the only handles that will be inherited are
# the ones in the handle_list
close_fds = False
if shell:
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
startupinfo.wShowWindow = _winapi.SW_HIDE
comspec = os.environ.get("COMSPEC", "cmd.exe")
args = '{} /c "{}"'.format (comspec, args)
if cwd is not None:
cwd = os.fsdecode(cwd)
sys.audit("subprocess.Popen", executable, args, cwd, env)
# Start the process
try:
> hp, ht, pid, tid = _winapi.CreateProcess(executable, args,
# no special security
None, None,
int(not close_fds),
creationflags,
env,
cwd,
startupinfo)
E FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] Das System kann die angegebene Datei nicht finden
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:1420: FileNotFoundError
======================================================================================================== short test summary info =========================================================================================================
ERROR test_postgresql.py::test_example_postgres - FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] Das System kann die angegebene Datei nicht finden
============================================================================================================ 1 error in 0.35s ============================================================================================================
结尾的德语行说：“系统找不到指定的文件”
我很难弄明白。对我来说最像文件名的参数是 cwd。只要 cwd 已经存在，该参数就会在 fsdecode 上面的几行中创建。
是行：
self = <Popen: returncode: None args: ['pg_config', '--bindir']>, args = 'pg_config --bindir', executable = None, preexec_fn = None, close_fds = False, pass_fds = (), cwd = None, env = None
startupinfo = <subprocess.STARTUPINFO object at 0x000002A882A007C0>, creationflags = 0, shell = False, p2cread = Handle(880), p2cwrite = -1, c2pread = 14, c2pwrite = Handle(748), errread = -1, errwrite = Handle(632)
unused_restore_signals = True, unused_gid = None, unused_gids = None, unused_uid = None, unused_umask = -1, unused_start_new_session = False
参数 _execute_child 是用什么调用的？如果是这样，cwd 将是 None 并且不可能是问题所在。有人有什么想法吗？
如果您以 pip install psycopg 的方式进行原始安装，您将获得纯 Python 版本。根据 Installation 说明 纯 Python 安装 这意味着您还需要安装 libpq 库。不确定如何在 Windows 上获得它。我会说解决方案是：
pip uninstall psycopg
然后
pip install psycopg[binary]
这将为您安装 self-contained（所有需要的库）。
我目前正在尝试在我的环境中获取 pytest_postgresql 运行。 在我开始之前：我可以用它自己测试 sql 代码吗？不只是像你的数据库连接这样的事情会这样吗？
所以我从 github 自述文件中复制了示例测试：
def test_example_postgres(postgresql):
"""Check main postgresql fixture."""
cur = postgresql.cursor()
cur.execute("CREATE TABLE test (id serial PRIMARY KEY, num integer, data varchar);")
postgresql.commit()
cur.close()
比我试过：pytest
我得到了：
================================================================================================================= ERRORS =================================================================================================================
________________________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR at setup of test_example_postgres _________________________________________________________________________________________________
request = <SubRequest 'postgresql' for <Function test_example_postgres>>
@pytest.fixture
def postgresql_factory(request: FixtureRequest) -> Iterator[connection]:
"""
Fixture factory for PostgreSQL.
:param request: fixture request object
:returns: postgresql client
"""
> check_for_psycopg()
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\factories\client.py:56:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
def check_for_psycopg() -> None:
"""
Function checks whether psycopg was imported.
Raises ImportError if not.
"""
if not psycopg:
> raise ImportError("No module named psycopg. Please install psycopg.")
E ImportError: No module named psycopg. Please install psycopg.
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\compat.py:35: ImportError
======================================================================================================== short test summary info =========================================================================================================
ERROR test_postgresql.py::test_example_postgres - ImportError: No module named psycopg. Please install psycopg.
============================================================================================================ 1 error in 0.12s ============================================================================================================
所以我尝试了：pip install psycopg
我得到了：
Requirement already satisfied: psycopg in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: tzdata in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (from psycopg) (2021.5)
所以我想如果我导入它 python 可能会发现包已经安装了:
import psycopg
def test_example_postgres(postgresql):
"""Check main postgresql fixture."""
cur = postgresql.cursor()
cur.execute("CREATE TABLE test (id serial PRIMARY KEY, num integer, data varchar);")
postgresql.commit()
cur.close()
我试过了：pytest
我得到了：
========================================================================================================== test session starts ===========================================================================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.9.4, pytest-7.0.1, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql
plugins: postgresql-4.1.0
collected 0 items / 1 error
================================================================================================================= ERRORS =================================================================================================================
__________________________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR collecting test_postgresql.py ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
ImportError while importing test module 'C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\test_postgresql.py'.
Hint: make sure your test modules/packages have valid Python names.
Traceback:
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\importlib\__init__.py:127: in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
test_postgresql.py:1: in <module>
import psycopg
venv\lib\site-packages\psycopg\__init__.py:9: in <module>
from . import pq # noqa: F401 import early to stabilize side effects
venv\lib\site-packages\psycopg\pq\__init__.py:114: in <module>
import_from_libpq()
venv\lib\site-packages\psycopg\pq\__init__.py:106: in import_from_libpq
raise ImportError(
E ImportError: no pq wrapper available.
E Attempts made:
E - couldn't import psycopg 'c' implementation: No module named 'psycopg_c'
E - couldn't import psycopg 'binary' implementation: No module named 'psycopg_binary'
E - couldn't import psycopg 'python' implementation: libpq library not found
======================================================================================================== short test summary info =========================================================================================================
ERROR test_postgresql.py
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Interrupted: 1 error during collection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
============================================================================================================ 1 error in 0.15s ============================================================================================================
这就是我 运行 不知道接下来要尝试什么的地方。我试着用谷歌搜索这个问题，但我空手而归。有人知道我该如何解决这个问题吗？
编辑：
根据 pip uninstall psycopg 的建议，然后 pip install psycopg[binary]
我得到了：
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.18363.2094]
(c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.
(venv) C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql>pip install psycopg
Requirement already satisfied: psycopg in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: tzdata in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (from psycopg) (2021.5)
(venv) C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql>pip install psycopg[binary]
Requirement already satisfied: psycopg[binary] in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (3.0.9)
Requirement already satisfied: tzdata in c:\users\a05922\pycharmprojects\try_out_pytest_postgresql\venv\lib\site-packages (from psycopg[binary]) (2021.5)
Collecting psycopg-binary==3.0.9
Downloading psycopg_binary-3.0.9-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl (2.9 MB)
---------------------------------------- 2.9/2.9 MB 10.3 MB/s eta 0:00:00
Installing collected packages: psycopg-binary
Successfully installed psycopg-binary-3.0.9
pytest 得到了我：
========================================================================================================== test session starts ===========================================================================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.9.4, pytest-7.0.1, pluggy-1.0.0
rootdir: C:\Users\a05922\PycharmProjects\try_out_pytest_postgresql
plugins: postgresql-4.1.0
collected 1 item
test_postgresql.py E [100%]
================================================================================================================= ERRORS =================================================================================================================
________________________________________________________________________________________________ ERROR at setup of test_example_postgres _________________________________________________________________________________________________
request = <SubRequest 'postgresql' for <Function test_example_postgres>>
@pytest.fixture
def postgresql_factory(request: FixtureRequest) -> Iterator[connection]:
"""
Fixture factory for PostgreSQL.
:param request: fixture request object
:returns: postgresql client
"""
check_for_psycopg()
> proc_fixture: Union[PostgreSQLExecutor, NoopExecutor] = request.getfixturevalue(
process_fixture_name
)
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\factories\client.py:57:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
venv\lib\site-packages\pytest_postgresql\factories\process.py:104: in postgresql_proc_fixture
pg_bindir = subprocess.check_output(
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:424: in check_output
return run(*popenargs, stdout=PIPE, timeout=timeout, check=True,
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:505: in run
with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process:
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:951: in __init__
self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
self = <Popen: returncode: None args: ['pg_config', '--bindir']>, args = 'pg_config --bindir', executable = None, preexec_fn = None, close_fds = False, pass_fds = (), cwd = None, env = None
startupinfo = <subprocess.STARTUPINFO object at 0x000002A882A007C0>, creationflags = 0, shell = False, p2cread = Handle(880), p2cwrite = -1, c2pread = 14, c2pwrite = Handle(748), errread = -1, errwrite = Handle(632)
unused_restore_signals = True, unused_gid = None, unused_gids = None, unused_uid = None, unused_umask = -1, unused_start_new_session = False
def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
pass_fds, cwd, env,
startupinfo, creationflags, shell,
p2cread, p2cwrite,
c2pread, c2pwrite,
errread, errwrite,
unused_restore_signals,
unused_gid, unused_gids, unused_uid,
unused_umask,
unused_start_new_session):
"""Execute program (MS Windows version)"""
assert not pass_fds, "pass_fds not supported on Windows."
if isinstance(args, str):
pass
elif isinstance(args, bytes):
if shell:
raise TypeError('bytes args is not allowed on Windows')
args = list2cmdline([args])
elif isinstance(args, os.PathLike):
if shell:
raise TypeError('path-like args is not allowed when '
'shell is true')
args = list2cmdline([args])
else:
args = list2cmdline(args)
if executable is not None:
executable = os.fsdecode(executable)
# Process startup details
if startupinfo is None:
startupinfo = STARTUPINFO()
else:
# bpo-34044: Copy STARTUPINFO since it is modified above,
# so the caller can reuse it multiple times.
startupinfo = startupinfo.copy()
use_std_handles = -1 not in (p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite)
if use_std_handles:
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESTDHANDLES
startupinfo.hStdInput = p2cread
startupinfo.hStdOutput = c2pwrite
startupinfo.hStdError = errwrite
attribute_list = startupinfo.lpAttributeList
have_handle_list = bool(attribute_list and
"handle_list" in attribute_list and
attribute_list["handle_list"])
# If we were given an handle_list or need to create one
if have_handle_list or (use_std_handles and close_fds):
if attribute_list is None:
attribute_list = startupinfo.lpAttributeList = {}
handle_list = attribute_list["handle_list"] = \
list(attribute_list.get("handle_list", []))
if use_std_handles:
handle_list += [int(p2cread), int(c2pwrite), int(errwrite)]
handle_list[:] = self._filter_handle_list(handle_list)
if handle_list:
if not close_fds:
warnings.warn("startupinfo.lpAttributeList['handle_list'] "
"overriding close_fds", RuntimeWarning)
# When using the handle_list we always request to inherit
# handles but the only handles that will be inherited are
# the ones in the handle_list
close_fds = False
if shell:
startupinfo.dwFlags |= _winapi.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
startupinfo.wShowWindow = _winapi.SW_HIDE
comspec = os.environ.get("COMSPEC", "cmd.exe")
args = '{} /c "{}"'.format (comspec, args)
if cwd is not None:
cwd = os.fsdecode(cwd)
sys.audit("subprocess.Popen", executable, args, cwd, env)
# Start the process
try:
> hp, ht, pid, tid = _winapi.CreateProcess(executable, args,
# no special security
None, None,
int(not close_fds),
creationflags,
env,
cwd,
startupinfo)
E FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] Das System kann die angegebene Datei nicht finden
C:\Programme\Python\Python39\lib\subprocess.py:1420: FileNotFoundError
======================================================================================================== short test summary info =========================================================================================================
ERROR test_postgresql.py::test_example_postgres - FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] Das System kann die angegebene Datei nicht finden
============================================================================================================ 1 error in 0.35s ============================================================================================================
结尾的德语行说：“系统找不到指定的文件”
我很难弄明白。对我来说最像文件名的参数是 cwd。只要 cwd 已经存在，该参数就会在 fsdecode 上面的几行中创建。
是行：
self = <Popen: returncode: None args: ['pg_config', '--bindir']>, args = 'pg_config --bindir', executable = None, preexec_fn = None, close_fds = False, pass_fds = (), cwd = None, env = None
startupinfo = <subprocess.STARTUPINFO object at 0x000002A882A007C0>, creationflags = 0, shell = False, p2cread = Handle(880), p2cwrite = -1, c2pread = 14, c2pwrite = Handle(748), errread = -1, errwrite = Handle(632)
unused_restore_signals = True, unused_gid = None, unused_gids = None, unused_uid = None, unused_umask = -1, unused_start_new_session = False
参数 _execute_child 是用什么调用的？如果是这样，cwd 将是 None 并且不可能是问题所在。有人有什么想法吗？
如果您以 pip install psycopg 的方式进行原始安装，您将获得纯 Python 版本。根据 Installation 说明 纯 Python 安装 这意味着您还需要安装 libpq 库。不确定如何在 Windows 上获得它。我会说解决方案是：
pip uninstall psycopg
然后
pip install psycopg[binary]
这将为您安装 self-contained（所有需要的库）。