如何在没有 root 权限的情况下在没有互联网连接的情况下在 CentOs7 上安装 Nginx？

Question

我需要在没有互联网连接的目标上安装 Nginx，如何在离线模式下安装所有依赖项的 Nginx？预先感谢您的回答。

Answer 1

您可以在其他系统下载tar文件并复制

你试过这个吗link？

https://gist.github.com/taufiqibrahim/d7f697de6bb8b93ca348a5b94d6adbfc

Answer 2

我最近完成了这个过程，这对我在 centos7 上有用：

您需要在线 Linux 服务器来下载依赖项。您可以使用虚拟机或其他任何东西。在您的在线服务器上创建一个 .sh 文件并在其中复制下面的脚本。（我给它取名为download_dependencies）

#!/bin/bash
# This script is used to fetch external packages that are not available in standard Linux distribution

# Example: ./fetch-external-dependencies ubuntu18.04
# Script will create nms-dependencies-ubuntu18.04.tar.gz in local directory which can be copied
# into target machine and packages inside can be installed manually

set -eo pipefail

# current dir
PACKAGE_PATH="."

mkdir -p $PACKAGE_PATH

declare -A CLICKHOUSE_REPO
CLICKHOUSE_REPO['ubuntu18.04']="https://repo.clickhouse.tech/deb/lts/main"
CLICKHOUSE_REPO['ubuntu20.04']="https://repo.clickhouse.tech/deb/lts/main"
CLICKHOUSE_REPO['centos7']="https://repo.clickhouse.tech/rpm/lts/x86_64"
CLICKHOUSE_REPO['centos8']="https://repo.clickhouse.tech/rpm/lts/x86_64"
CLICKHOUSE_REPO['rhel7']="https://repo.clickhouse.tech/rpm/lts/x86_64"
CLICKHOUSE_REPO['rhel8']="https://repo.clickhouse.tech/rpm/lts/x86_64"

declare -A NGINX_REPO
NGINX_REPO['ubuntu18.04']="https://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/pool/nginx/n/nginx/"
NGINX_REPO['ubuntu20.04']="https://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu/pool/nginx/n/nginx/"
NGINX_REPO['centos7']="https://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/"
NGINX_REPO['centos8']="https://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/8/x86_64/RPMS/"
NGINX_REPO['rhel7']="https://nginx.org/packages/mainline/rhel/7/x86_64/RPMS/"
NGINX_REPO['rhel8']="https://nginx.org/packages/mainline/rhel/8/x86_64/RPMS/"

CLICKHOUSE_KEY="https://repo.clickhouse.com/CLICKHOUSE-KEY.GPG"
NGINX_KEY="https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key"

declare -A CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES
# for Clickhouse package names are static between distributions
# we use ubuntu/centos entries as placeholders
CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['ubuntu']="
clickhouse-server_21.3.10.1_all.deb
clickhouse-common-static_21.3.10.1_amd64.deb"

CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['centos']="
clickhouse-server-21.3.10.1-2.noarch.rpm
clickhouse-common-static-21.3.10.1-2.x86_64.rpm"

CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['ubuntu18.04']=${CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['ubuntu']}
CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['ubuntu20.04']=${CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['ubuntu']}
CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['centos7']=${CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['centos']}
CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['centos8']=${CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['centos']}
CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['rhel7']=${CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['centos']}
CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['rhel8']=${CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES['centos']}

declare -A NGINX_PACKAGES
NGINX_PACKAGES['ubuntu18.04']="nginx_1.21.3-1~bionic_amd64.deb"
NGINX_PACKAGES['ubuntu20.04']="nginx_1.21.2-1~focal_amd64.deb"
NGINX_PACKAGES['centos7']="nginx-1.21.4-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm"
NGINX_PACKAGES['centos8']="nginx-1.21.4-1.el8.ngx.x86_64.rpm"
NGINX_PACKAGES['rhel7']="nginx-1.21.4-1.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm"
NGINX_PACKAGES['rhel8']="nginx-1.21.4-1.el8.ngx.x86_64.rpm"

download_packages() {
    local target_distribution=
    if [ -z $target_distribution ]; then
        echo "[=10=] - no target distribution specified"
        exit 1
    fi

    mkdir -p "${PACKAGE_PATH}/${target_distribution}"
    # just in case delete all files in target dir
    rm -f "${PACKAGE_PATH}/${target_distribution}/*"

    readarray -t clickhouse_files <<<"${CLICKHOUSE_PACKAGES[${target_distribution}]}"
    readarray -t nginx_files <<<"${NGINX_PACKAGES[${target_distribution}]}"

    echo "Downloading Clickhouse signing keys"
    curl -fs ${CLICKHOUSE_KEY} --output "${PACKAGE_PATH}/${target_distribution}/clickhouse-key.gpg"
    echo "Downloading Nginx signing keys"
    curl -fs ${NGINX_KEY} --output "${PACKAGE_PATH}/${target_distribution}/nginx-key.gpg"

    for package_file in "${clickhouse_files[@]}"; do
        if [ -z $package_file ]; then
            continue
        fi
        file_url="${CLICKHOUSE_REPO[$target_distribution]}/$package_file"
        save_file="${PACKAGE_PATH}/${target_distribution}/$package_file"
        echo "Fetching $file_url"
        curl -fs $file_url --output $save_file
    done

    for package_file in "${nginx_files[@]}"; do
        if [ -z $package_file ]; then
            continue
        fi
        file_url="${NGINX_REPO[$target_distribution]}/$package_file"
        save_file="${PACKAGE_PATH}/${target_distribution}/$package_file"
        echo "Fetching $file_url"
        curl -fs $file_url --output $save_file
    done

    bundle_file="${PACKAGE_PATH}/nms-dependencies-${target_distribution}.tar.gz"
    tar -zcf $bundle_file -C "${PACKAGE_PATH}/${target_distribution}" .
    echo "Bundle file saved as $bundle_file"

}

target_distribution=

if [ -z $target_distribution ]; then
    echo "Usage: [=10=] target_distribution"
    echo "Supported target distributions: ${!CLICKHOUSE_REPO[@]}"
    exit 1
fi

# check if target distribution is supported

if [ -z ${CLICKHOUSE_REPO[$target_distribution]} ]; then
    echo "Target distribution is not supported."
    echo "Supported distributions: ${!CLICKHOUSE_REPO[@]}"
    exit 1
fi

download_packages "${target_distribution}"

然后在包含 download_dependencies.sh 运行命令的同一目录下：

download_dependencies.sh <your linux version>

在我的例子中，我运行下面的代码（将其留空以查看选项）：

download_dependencies.sh centos7

它应该开始下载，完成后您应该会在您的目录中看到 nms-dependencies-rhel7.tar.gz。 将该文件(.tar.gz)复制到您的离线目标。

现在在您的目标机器上，转到您复制文件的目录和运行下面的代码：

tar -zxvf nms-dependencies-rhel7.tar.gz
sudo yum install *.rpm

安装完成后可以使用systemctl启动nginx:

sudo systemctl start clickhouse-server
sudo systemctl start nginx

您的 nginx 服务现在必须运行ning！

如何在没有 root 权限的情况下在没有互联网连接的情况下在 CentOs7 上安装 Nginx？

how to install Nginx on CentOs7 without internet connection with root permission?

installation

offline

nginx

centos7

nginx-config