如何对位操作逻辑进行单元测试

Question

我有一种将 RGBA 转换为 BGRA 的方法。下面是方法

unsigned int ConvertRGBAToBGRA(unsigned int v) {
    unsigned char r = (v)& 0xFF;
    unsigned char g = (v >> 8) & 0xFF;
    unsigned char b = (v >> 16) & 0xFF;
    unsigned char a = (v >> 24) & 0xFF;
    return (a << 24) | (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b;
};

我怎样才能很好地进行单元测试？有没有办法我可以读回这些位并以某种方式对该方法进行单元测试？

我正在使用googletests

Answer 1

您可以通过指针映射到数组来将值拆分为四个字节。然后交换字节。

uint8_t* pV= reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&V);
uint8_t Swap= pV[1]; pV[1]= pV[3]; pV[3]= Swap;

Answer 2

受@Yves Daoust 评论的启发，你为什么不能像下面这样写一系列检查？您可以使用 C++14 的漂亮格式：

unsigned int ConvertRGBAToBGRA(unsigned int v) {
  unsigned char r = (v)&0xFF;
  unsigned char g = (v >> 8) & 0xFF;
  unsigned char b = (v >> 16) & 0xFF;
  unsigned char a = (v >> 24) & 0xFF;
  return (a << 24) | (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b;
};

TEST(ConvertRGBAToBGRATest, Test1) {
  EXPECT_EQ(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x12'34'56'78), 0x12'78'56'34);
  EXPECT_EQ(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x12'78'56'34), 0x12'34'56'78);
  EXPECT_EQ(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x11'11'11'11), 0x11'11'11'11);
  EXPECT_EQ(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x00'00'00'00), 0x00'00'00'00);
  EXPECT_EQ(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0xAa'Bb'Cc'Dd), 0xAa'Dd'Cc'Bb);

  EXPECT_EQ(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x12'34'56'78)), 0x12'34'56'78);
  EXPECT_EQ(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x12'78'56'34)), 0x12'78'56'34);
  EXPECT_EQ(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x11'11'11'11)), 0x11'11'11'11);
  EXPECT_EQ(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x00'00'00'00)), 0x00'00'00'00);
  EXPECT_EQ(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0xAa'Bb'Cc'Dd)), 0xAa'Bb'Cc'Dd);
}

实例：https://godbolt.org/z/eEajYYYsf

您还可以定义一个 custom matcher 并使用 EXPECT_THAT 宏：

// A custom matcher for comparing BGRA and RGBA.
MATCHER_P(IsBgraOf, n, "") {
  return ((n & 0xFF000000) == (arg & 0xFF000000)) &&
         ((n & 0x00FF0000) == ((arg << 16) & 0x00FF0000)) &&
         ((n & 0x0000FF00) == (arg & 0x0000FF00));
}


TEST(ConvertRGBAToBGRATest, WithExpectThat) {
  EXPECT_THAT(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x12'34'56'78), IsBgraOf(0x12'34'56'78));
  EXPECT_THAT(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x12'78'56'34), IsBgraOf(0x12'78'56'34));
  EXPECT_THAT(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0xAa'Bb'Cc'Dd), IsBgraOf(0xAa'Bb'Cc'Dd));
  EXPECT_THAT(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x00'00'00'00), IsBgraOf(0x00'00'00'00));
  EXPECT_THAT(ConvertRGBAToBGRA(0x11'11'11'11), IsBgraOf(0x11'11'11'11));
}

实例：https://godbolt.org/z/P4EcW19s9

如何对位操作逻辑进行单元测试

How to unit test bit manipulation logic

c++

bit-manipulation

googletest