附加以逗号分隔的行,同时保留现有的新行

Append lines separated by comma while preserving the existing new line

Bash 使用的脚本:

#!/bin/bash
set -xv
IS=$'\n'
list=$(cat exlist_sample | xargs -n1)
for  i in $list; do
    echo "$i" | rev > slist
    echo "$i" >> znamelist

    for x in $(cat slist);do
       echo "this is $x" >> znamelist
       echo $IS >> znamelist
    done
done

使用的输入文件 (exlist_sample)

dz-eggg-123
dz-fggg-123
lk-opipo-123
poipo-123-oiu

当前输出 (final_list)

dz-eggg-123
this is 321-ggge-zd

dz-fggg-123
this is 321-gggf-zd

lk-opipo-123
this is 321-opipo-kl

poipo-123-oiu
this is uio-321-opiop

预期输出:

dz-eggg-123,this is 321-ggge-zd

dz-fggg-123,this is 321-gggf-zd

lk-opipo-123,this is 321-opipo-kl

poipo-123-oiu,this is uio-321-opiop

如何在保留新行的同时在 sciprt 中以 csv 格式实现预期的输出。

请您尝试以下操作:

#!/bin/bash

while IFS= read -r i; do                        # read the input file line by line
    j=$(rev <<< "$i")                           # reverse the string
    printf "%s,this is %s\n" "$i" "$j"          # print the original string and the reversed one
done < exlist_sample > znamelist

输出:

dz-eggg-123,this is 321-ggge-zd
dz-fggg-123,this is 321-gggf-zd
lk-opipo-123,this is 321-opipo-kl
poipo-123-oiu,this is uio-321-opiop

这是我的脚本版本:

#!/bin/bash

inputfile="exlist_sample"
if [[ ! -f "$inputfile" ]]
then
    echo "ERROR: input file $inputfile not found."
    exit 1
fi
outputfile="znamelist"

while IFS= read -r line
do
    reverseline=$(echo "$line"| rev)
    echo -e "$line,this is $reverseline\n"
done < "$inputfile" >"$outputfile"
  • 使用 whileread 这种方式确保即使行中有空格,脚本也能正常工作。对于您的特定要求,这可能有点矫枉过正,但最好学习“安全”的方法。

  • 无需使用文件存储反转线,您可以在每次while迭代中将其存储在变量中。

    $ cat znamelist 
    dz-eggg-123,this is 321-ggge-zd
    
    dz-fggg-123,this is 321-gggf-zd
    
    lk-opipo- 123,this is 321 -opipo-kl
    
    poipo-123-oiu,this is uio-321-opiop
    

A one-liner 使用 pastesedrev(虽然不是 POSIX 实用程序)实用程序和 bash 进程替换可能是:

paste -d, exlist_sample <(rev exlist_sample | sed 's/^/this is /') > znamelist

在每个 Unix 机器上非常有效地使用任何 shell 中的任何 awk 并且几乎不使用内存:

$ awk -v OFS=',' -v ORS='\n\n' '{r=""; for (i=1;i<=length();i++) r=substr([=10=],i,1) r; print [=10=], "this is " r}' file
dz-eggg-123,this is 321-ggge-zd

dz-fggg-123,this is 321-gggf-zd

lk-opipo-123,this is 321-opipo-kl

poipo-123-oiu,this is uio-321-opiop

或使用更多内存但效率更高:

$ rev file | awk -v OFS=',' -v ORS='\n\n' 'NR==FNR{r[NR]=[=11=]; next} {print [=11=], "this is " r[FNR]}' - file
dz-eggg-123,this is 321-ggge-zd

dz-fggg-123,this is 321-gggf-zd

lk-opipo-123,this is 321-opipo-kl

poipo-123-oiu,this is uio-321-opiop

或[可能]几乎不使用内存最有效:

$ rev file | awk -v OFS=',' -v ORS='\n\n' '{r=[=12=]} (getline < "file") > 0{print [=12=], "this is " r}'
dz-eggg-123,this is 321-ggge-zd

dz-fggg-123,this is 321-gggf-zd

lk-opipo-123,this is 321-opipo-kl

poipo-123-oiu,this is uio-321-opiop

如果您要使用最后一个,请务必阅读并理解 awk.freeshell.org/AllAboutGetline。我个人不会,除非内存和效率都是问题。

解决方案

rev input.txt | sed 's/^/this is /' | paste -d, input.txt - | sed G

输入

λ cat input.txt 
dz-eggg-123
dz-fggg-123
lk-opipo-123
poipo-123-oiu

输出

dz-eggg-123,this is 321-ggge-zd

dz-fggg-123,this is 321-gggf-zd

lk-opipo-123,this is 321-opipo-kl

poipo-123-oiu,this is uio-321-opiop