标准化多行字符串（R 或 Unix）

Question

我想在V1列中将所有那些_xxxxxx字符串标准化为xxxxxxH格式。

V1          V2      V3
122223H     20      Test kits
122224H     23      Test kits
122225H     42      Test kits
122227H     31      Test kits
_122228     23      Test kits
_122229     57      Test kits
_122231     21      Test kits
122232H     33      Test kits
122234H     22      Test kits
.......     ..      .... ....
.......     ..      .... ....
.......     ..      .... ....
122250H     33      Test kits

我试图用 R 中的 gsub 函数解决它，但无法制作我需要的确切格式。任何类型的建议，请！基于 Unix 的命令也很有用。

df <- gsub("_","H",c(file$V1))

输出；

"H1222228" "H1222229" "H1222231"

期望的输出；

V1          V2      V3
122223H     20      Test kits
122224H     23      Test kits
122225H     42      Test kits
122227H     31      Test kits
122228H     23      Test kits
122229H     57      Test kits
122231H     21      Test kits
122232H     33      Test kits
122234H     22      Test kits
.......     ..      .... ....
.......     ..      .... ....
.......     ..      .... ....
122250H     33      Test kits

Answer 1

在字符串以下划线开头的情况下，只需将数字替换为后跟 H 的数字即可：

file  <- data.frame(v1 = c("122227H", "_122231"))
file$v1  <- gsub("_(\d.+)", "\1H", file$v1)

输出：

"122227H" "122231H"

Answer 2

尝试以下方法，但可能存在更优雅的解决方案：

df <- data.frame(v1 = c("122223H","122224H","122225H","122227H","_122228","_122229"),
           v2 = c(21,23,42,31,23,57),
           v3 = rep("Test Kits", times = 6))


df$newstring <- gsub("_","",c(df$v1))
df$newstring <- ifelse(grepl("H", df$newstring, fixed = TRUE), df$newstring, paste0(df$newstring,"H"))


# > df
# v1 v2        v3 newstring
# 1 122223H 21 Test Kits   122223H
# 2 122224H 23 Test Kits   122224H
# 3 122225H 42 Test Kits   122225H
# 4 122227H 31 Test Kits   122227H
# 5 _122228 23 Test Kits   122228H
# 6 _122229 57 Test Kits   122229H

Answer 3

$ sed 's/_\([0-9]*\)/H/' file
V1          V2      V3
122223H     20      Test kits
122224H     23      Test kits
122225H     42      Test kits
122227H     31      Test kits
122228H     23      Test kits
122229H     57      Test kits
122231H     21      Test kits
122232H     33      Test kits
122234H     22      Test kits
.......     ..      .... ....
.......     ..      .... ....
.......     ..      .... ....
122250H     33      Test kits

标准化多行字符串（R 或 Unix）

Standardizing the character strings in multiple rows (R or Unix)

r

linux

unix

awk

sed