如何使用public密钥加密数据并在python中使用base64编码?

How to use public key to encrypt data and use base64 encode it in python?

我想用python实现下面的功能,它用public密钥加密密码,然后用base64编码。我搜索了很多答案,但没有找到解决方案,我想可能是我不理解它们。你能给我一些建议吗?

// # java code
public static String encryptRSA(String password, String publicKey) {
        try {
            byte[] decoded = Base64.decode(publicKey);
            RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA")
                    .generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
            String outStr = Base64.encode(cipher.doFinal(password.getBytes("UTF-8")));
            return outStr;
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
        return null;
    }

我使用了以下代码,但它引发了错误 M2Crypto.RSA.RSAError

# python code
import base64

import M2Crypto

pub = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQClnY+3rAf/az9t2bxC80TObpZ2ZCH1xSjPt9QtXl6k6UtD7mQcI2CWSwnDgKJr2m2WnM1kR6X+oOL61lXO0gSuuD8tWOx/knZA2VaSTLdsHBDLOX3e6Fo/O3CtoLVwO5FYFBIFHXMoikPkR8tFIOLWsX0y3slLQQShwSJAHytP4QIDAQAB"
password = 123


def public_encrypt(public_key, password):
    rsa_pub = M2Crypto.RSA.load_key_string(public_key.encode('utf-8'))
    ctxt_pub = rsa_pub.public_encrypt(password.encode(), M2Crypto.RSA.pkcs1_padding)
    ctxt64_pub = base64.b64encode(ctxt_pub).decode()
    return ctxt64_pub


res = public_encrypt(pub, password)
print('res:', res)

完整的错误信息是:M2Crypto.RSA.RSAError: no start line,说明密钥导入错误。

load_key_string() requires a PEM-encoded private key in PKCS#1 or PKCS#8 format, but no public key. A PEM encoded public key in X.509/SPKI format can be imported with load_pub_key_bio().

通过在每 64 个字符后添加一个换行符并添加相应的页眉和页脚,可以从发布的 X.509/SPKI 密钥创建 PEM 编码密钥:

import M2Crypto

x509 = '''-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQClnY+3rAf/az9t2bxC80TObpZ2
ZCH1xSjPt9QtXl6k6UtD7mQcI2CWSwnDgKJr2m2WnM1kR6X+oOL61lXO0gSuuD8t
WOx/knZA2VaSTLdsHBDLOX3e6Fo/O3CtoLVwO5FYFBIFHXMoikPkR8tFIOLWsX0y
3slLQQShwSJAHytP4QIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----'''

bio = M2Crypto.BIO.MemoryBuffer(x509)
rsa_pub = M2Crypto.RSA.load_pub_key_bio(bio)

另一个问题是没有为整数定义 encode(),但据推测 password 应该是一个字符串,这只是一个 copy/paste 错误。

通过这些更改,代码可以正常工作。

请注意,如今 1024 位 RSA 密钥(如您的密钥)不安全,长度应 >= 2048 位。