为什么我的点图与 shapefile 的方向不同？
Why are my point plots not in the same direction as my shapefile?
我正在使用 R，使用 raster 和 sf 包。我正在从 .csv 文件加载一些数据，将其转换为 sf object，然后绘制数据以将其可视化。但是，当我绘制数据框时，这些点旋转了 90 度，这与原始 shapefile 的方向不同。我想稍后做一些插值，所以我需要解决这个问题。我怎样才能使他们的方向一致？
这是数据：
data <- data.frame(latitude = c(39.120549,
39.120399,
39.120339,
39.120463,
39.120478,
39.120368,
39.120405,
39.120279,
39.120257,
39.120178,
39.120168,
39.120137,
39.119995,
39.119912,
39.119806,
39.119848,
39.119858,
39.119941,
39.120056,
39.120082,
39.120252,
39.120278,
39.120335,
39.120323,
39.120273,
39.120306,
39.120224,
39.120152,
39.120096,
39.120144,
39.120091,
39.120073,
39.119971,
39.119939,
39.12002,
39.120252,
39.120182,
39.120295,
39.120308,
39.120215,
39.12026,
39.120221,
39.12026,
39.120185,
39.120122,
39.119996,
39.119947,
39.120035,
39.119964,
39.119989,
39.12,
39.120101,
39.12008,
39.120059,
39.119993,
39.11986,
39.119758,
39.119736,
39.119793,
39.119886,
39.1199,
39.119829,
39.119853,
39.119855,
39.119826,
39.119583,
39.119667,
39.119707,
39.119657,
39.119666,
39.119704,
39.11971,
39.119761,
39.119789,
39.119783,
39.119688,
39.119674,
39.11962,
39.119591,
39.119568,
39.119536,
39.119514,
39.119539,
39.119577,
39.119657,
39.119681,
39.119713,
39.119745,
39.119763,
39.119733,
39.11969,
39.119645,
39.119336,
39.11931,
39.119467,
39.119597,
39.11948,
39.11938,
39.119444,
39.119553,
39.119489,
39.119529,
39.119444,
39.119408,
39.119381,
39.119368,
39.119283,
39.119386,
39.119466,
39.119445,
39.119295,
39.119242,
39.119071,
39.119174,
39.119178,
39.119137,
39.119107,
39.119039,
39.118993,
39.119045,
39.11914,
39.119175,
39.119055,
39.119108,
39.119115,
39.119205,
39.119259,
39.119309,
39.119228,
39.119209,
39.119335,
39.11925,
39.119039,
39.119036,
39.119005,
39.119105,
39.119187,
39.119116,
39.119074,
39.119135,
39.119053,
39.119103,
39.119093,
39.119165,
39.119164,
39.119185,
39.119283,
39.119287,
39.119185,
39.119276),
longitude = c(-96.635806,
-96.635783,
-96.635664,
-96.635696,
-96.635785,
-96.635589,
-96.635697,
-96.635819,
-96.635649,
-96.635772,
-96.635606,
-96.635669,
-96.635644,
-96.635631,
-96.635662,
-96.635791,
-96.635706,
-96.635769,
-96.635803,
-96.635684,
-96.635718,
-96.635574,
-96.635544,
-96.635418,
-96.635403,
-96.635486,
-96.635474,
-96.635347,
-96.635395,
-96.635486,
-96.635558,
-96.635453,
-96.635453,
-96.635544,
-96.63554,
-96.635381,
-96.635392,
-96.635346,
-96.63522,
-96.635108,
-96.635244,
-96.635294,
-96.63534,
-96.635182,
-96.635273,
-96.635179,
-96.635325,
-96.635289,
-96.635225,
-96.635308,
-96.635214,
-96.635233,
-96.635307,
-96.635364,
-96.635386,
-96.635386,
-96.63541,
-96.635503,
-96.635585,
-96.635567,
-96.635473,
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-96.635535,
-96.635487,
-96.635488,
-96.635425,
-96.635502,
-96.635428,
-96.635408,
-96.635475,
-96.635532,
-96.635587,
-96.635634,
-96.635733,
-96.63578,
-96.63577,
-96.635706,
-96.635695,
-96.635631,
-96.63556,
-96.635537,
-96.635491,
-96.635446,
-96.635499,
-96.635597,
-96.635661,
-96.635692,
-96.635776,
-96.635708,
-96.63565,
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-96.635543,
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-96.635705,
-96.635719,
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-96.635073,
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-96.635249,
-96.635134,
-96.634946,
-96.635006,
-96.635084,
-96.634986,
-96.635169),
data = c(2.74,
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2.48,
2.59,
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2.61,
2.69,
2.39,
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2.56))
重现错误的代码（此 post 中不包含 Shapefile，但输出的图片是）：
library(pacman)
p_load(raster, sf, dplyr, ggplot2, scales, magrittr)
#Read shapefile
shp <- st_read("field_shapefile.shp")
crs(shp)
shp 的参考系统：
Coordinate Reference System:
Deprecated Proj.4 representation: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs
WKT2 2019 representation:
GEOGCRS["WGS 84",
DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",
ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,
LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
CS[ellipsoidal,2],
AXIS["latitude",north,
ORDER[1],
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
AXIS["longitude",east,
ORDER[2],
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
ID["EPSG",4326]]
#Read in data, which is provided above
data <- read.csv('data.csv')
plot(shp)
上面命令绘制的图像：
#Convert csv file to shapefile with the same projection as the input shapefile
data <- st_as_sf(data, coords = c('latitude', 'longitude'), crs = crs(shp))
crs(data)
crs(data) 命令表示两个数据集都投影在同一参考系统中：
Coordinate Reference System:
Deprecated Proj.4 representation: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs
WKT2 2019 representation:
GEOGCRS["WGS 84",
DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",
ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,
LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
CS[ellipsoidal,2],
AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
ORDER[1],
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
ORDER[2],
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
ID["EPSG",4326]]
这是数据点图：
plot(data$geometry)
由于大小的原因，没有给出所有的点，但是你应该能看到形状与shapefile相似，只是旋转不同。我把它画进去是为了更清楚地说明这一点：
如何旋转这些点，使它们与我的 shapefile 方向相同？
在将 .csv 转换为 sf 时，您只需反转 latitude 和 longitude。
所以，请在下面找到一个代表。
Reprex
- 代码
library(sf)
data <- st_as_sf(data, coords = c('longitude', 'latitude'), crs = 4326)
- 输出
plot(st_geometry(data))
由 reprex package (v2.0.1)
于 2022-03-24 创建
我正在使用 R，使用 raster 和 sf 包。我正在从 .csv 文件加载一些数据，将其转换为 sf object，然后绘制数据以将其可视化。但是，当我绘制数据框时，这些点旋转了 90 度，这与原始 shapefile 的方向不同。我想稍后做一些插值，所以我需要解决这个问题。我怎样才能使他们的方向一致？
这是数据：
data <- data.frame(latitude = c(39.120549,
39.120399,
39.120339,
39.120463,
39.120478,
39.120368,
39.120405,
39.120279,
39.120257,
39.120178,
39.120168,
39.120137,
39.119995,
39.119912,
39.119806,
39.119848,
39.119858,
39.119941,
39.120056,
39.120082,
39.120252,
39.120278,
39.120335,
39.120323,
39.120273,
39.120306,
39.120224,
39.120152,
39.120096,
39.120144,
39.120091,
39.120073,
39.119971,
39.119939,
39.12002,
39.120252,
39.120182,
39.120295,
39.120308,
39.120215,
39.12026,
39.120221,
39.12026,
39.120185,
39.120122,
39.119996,
39.119947,
39.120035,
39.119964,
39.119989,
39.12,
39.120101,
39.12008,
39.120059,
39.119993,
39.11986,
39.119758,
39.119736,
39.119793,
39.119886,
39.1199,
39.119829,
39.119853,
39.119855,
39.119826,
39.119583,
39.119667,
39.119707,
39.119657,
39.119666,
39.119704,
39.11971,
39.119761,
39.119789,
39.119783,
39.119688,
39.119674,
39.11962,
39.119591,
39.119568,
39.119536,
39.119514,
39.119539,
39.119577,
39.119657,
39.119681,
39.119713,
39.119745,
39.119763,
39.119733,
39.11969,
39.119645,
39.119336,
39.11931,
39.119467,
39.119597,
39.11948,
39.11938,
39.119444,
39.119553,
39.119489,
39.119529,
39.119444,
39.119408,
39.119381,
39.119368,
39.119283,
39.119386,
39.119466,
39.119445,
39.119295,
39.119242,
39.119071,
39.119174,
39.119178,
39.119137,
39.119107,
39.119039,
39.118993,
39.119045,
39.11914,
39.119175,
39.119055,
39.119108,
39.119115,
39.119205,
39.119259,
39.119309,
39.119228,
39.119209,
39.119335,
39.11925,
39.119039,
39.119036,
39.119005,
39.119105,
39.119187,
39.119116,
39.119074,
39.119135,
39.119053,
39.119103,
39.119093,
39.119165,
39.119164,
39.119185,
39.119283,
39.119287,
39.119185,
39.119276),
longitude = c(-96.635806,
-96.635783,
-96.635664,
-96.635696,
-96.635785,
-96.635589,
-96.635697,
-96.635819,
-96.635649,
-96.635772,
-96.635606,
-96.635669,
-96.635644,
-96.635631,
-96.635662,
-96.635791,
-96.635706,
-96.635769,
-96.635803,
-96.635684,
-96.635718,
-96.635574,
-96.635544,
-96.635418,
-96.635403,
-96.635486,
-96.635474,
-96.635347,
-96.635395,
-96.635486,
-96.635558,
-96.635453,
-96.635453,
-96.635544,
-96.63554,
-96.635381,
-96.635392,
-96.635346,
-96.63522,
-96.635108,
-96.635244,
-96.635294,
-96.63534,
-96.635182,
-96.635273,
-96.635179,
-96.635325,
-96.635289,
-96.635225,
-96.635308,
-96.635214,
-96.635233,
-96.635307,
-96.635364,
-96.635386,
-96.635386,
-96.63541,
-96.635503,
-96.635585,
-96.635567,
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-96.63577,
-96.635706,
-96.635695,
-96.635631,
-96.63556,
-96.635537,
-96.635491,
-96.635446,
-96.635499,
-96.635597,
-96.635661,
-96.635692,
-96.635776,
-96.635708,
-96.63565,
-96.635597,
-96.635543,
-96.635396,
-96.63564,
-96.635763,
-96.63579,
-96.635626,
-96.635705,
-96.635719,
-96.635709,
-96.635696,
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-96.634981,
-96.635073,
-96.635195,
-96.635249,
-96.635134,
-96.634946,
-96.635006,
-96.635084,
-96.634986,
-96.635169),
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2.44,
2.61,
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2.58,
2.48,
2.59,
2.39,
2.76,
2.61,
2.69,
2.39,
2.48,
2.56))
重现错误的代码（此 post 中不包含 Shapefile，但输出的图片是）：
library(pacman)
p_load(raster, sf, dplyr, ggplot2, scales, magrittr)
#Read shapefile
shp <- st_read("field_shapefile.shp")
crs(shp)
shp 的参考系统：
Coordinate Reference System:
Deprecated Proj.4 representation: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs
WKT2 2019 representation:
GEOGCRS["WGS 84",
DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",
ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,
LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
CS[ellipsoidal,2],
AXIS["latitude",north,
ORDER[1],
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
AXIS["longitude",east,
ORDER[2],
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
ID["EPSG",4326]]
#Read in data, which is provided above
data <- read.csv('data.csv')
plot(shp)
上面命令绘制的图像：
#Convert csv file to shapefile with the same projection as the input shapefile
data <- st_as_sf(data, coords = c('latitude', 'longitude'), crs = crs(shp))
crs(data)
crs(data) 命令表示两个数据集都投影在同一参考系统中：
Coordinate Reference System:
Deprecated Proj.4 representation: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs
WKT2 2019 representation:
GEOGCRS["WGS 84",
DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",
ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,
LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],
PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
CS[ellipsoidal,2],
AXIS["geodetic latitude (Lat)",north,
ORDER[1],
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
AXIS["geodetic longitude (Lon)",east,
ORDER[2],
ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],
ID["EPSG",4326]]
这是数据点图：
plot(data$geometry)
由于大小的原因，没有给出所有的点，但是你应该能看到形状与shapefile相似，只是旋转不同。我把它画进去是为了更清楚地说明这一点：
如何旋转这些点，使它们与我的 shapefile 方向相同？
在将 .csv 转换为 sf 时，您只需反转 latitude 和 longitude。
所以，请在下面找到一个代表。
Reprex
- 代码
library(sf)
data <- st_as_sf(data, coords = c('longitude', 'latitude'), crs = 4326)
- 输出
plot(st_geometry(data))
由 reprex package (v2.0.1)
于 2022-03-24 创建