使用进程内存不足

Question

好的，所以我知道我应该使用 ImageMagick DLL...我正在学习、测试和努力做到这一点。但与此同时，我正在使用通过进程调用 Imagemagick convert.exe 的低效方法。

当我测试时，它可以很好地处理数百张图像。但是后来我将我的 WindowsForms 程序移到一台更快的机器上，它每次都在同一点崩溃。

这是一个两步流程调用。第一次遍历所有文件并生成 PNG。然后我遍历所有 PNG 并将其与背景合成并输出 JPG。但是每次恰好 22 张图像时它都会出错 "System.OutOfMemoryException: Out of memory." 是否有什么东西正在填充我需要杀死什么？

    foreach (string file in files)
            {
                try
                {
                    string captureImg = Path.GetFileName(file);
                    string maskImg = file.Replace("X.JPG", "Y.JPG");
                    string OutputImage = string.Format("{0}.png", Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(captureImg));
                    string output = Path.Combine(destFolder, OutputImage);
                    //MessageBox.Show(output);
                    progressBarImage.Value = progressBarImage.Value + 1;
                    lblStatus.Text = string.Format("Image {0} of {1}", progressBarImage.Value, maxFiles);
                    makePNG(file, maskImg, output);
                    Application.DoEvents();

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                }
            }

            if (chkBG.Checked)
            {
                //try
                //{
                    string JPGdir = Path.Combine(destFolder, "JPGs");
                    string[] PNGfiles = Directory.GetFiles(destFolder, "*C.PNG");

                    lblProgress.Text = "Generating JPGs with Background";
                    progressBarImage.Value = 0;
                    progressBarImage.Maximum = files.Length;
                    message = "PNG and JPG Export Complete";
                    if (!Directory.Exists(JPGdir))
                    {
                        Directory.CreateDirectory(JPGdir);
                    }
                    foreach (string PNGfile in PNGfiles)
                    {
                        Application.DoEvents();
                        string outputJPG = string.Format("{0}.jpg", Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(PNGfile));
                        string result = Path.Combine(JPGdir, outputJPG);
                        progressBarImage.Value += 1;
                        lblStatus.Text = string.Format("Image {0} of {1}", progressBarImage.Value, files.Length);
                        makeJPG(PNGfile, txtBackground.Text, result);
                        //MessageBox.Show(PNGfile);

                    }

private void makePNG(string source, string mask, string output)
        {
            if (!source.EndsWith("Y.JPG"))
            {
                Process proc = new Process();
                string appPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Application.ExecutablePath);
                proc.EnableRaisingEvents = false;
                proc.StartInfo.FileName = @"""C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.9.0-Q16\convert.exe""";
                proc.StartInfo.Arguments = string.Format(@"{0} {1} -alpha off -compose  copy-opacity -level 5%  -composite {2}", source, mask, output);
                proc.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
                proc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
                proc.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
                proc.Start();
                proc.WaitForExit();

            }
        }

        private void makeJPG(string source, string background, string output)
        {
            float BGimg = Image.FromFile(background).Height;
            float SubjectImg = Image.FromFile(source).Height;
            float ResultHeight = 100 * (BGimg / SubjectImg);
            int Height = Convert.ToInt32(ResultHeight);


            Process procJPG = new Process();
            string appPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Application.ExecutablePath);
            procJPG.EnableRaisingEvents = false;
            procJPG.StartInfo.FileName = @"""C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.9.0-Q16\convert.exe""";
            procJPG.StartInfo.Arguments = string.Format(@"{1} ( {0} -resize {3}% ) -gravity South -composite {2}", source, background, output, Height);
            procJPG.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            procJPG.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
            procJPG.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            procJPG.Start();
            procJPG.WaitForExit();
        }

Answer 1

乍一看，您在 makeJPG() 中使用了 Image.FromFile 两次，并且没有释放对象。 Image.FromFile 通常会创建需要释放的非托管 GDI+ 句柄。

来自documentation：

The file remains locked until the Image is disposed.

所以乍一看我会假设你只是在内存中加载了太多图像，我会尝试：

private void makeJPG(string source, string background, string output)
{
  using(var backgroundImg = Image.FromFile(background))
  using(var sourceImg = Image.FromFile(source))
  {
    float BGimg = backgroundImg.Height;
    float SubjectImg = sourceImg.Height;
    float ResultHeight = 100 * (BGimg / SubjectImg);
    int Height = Convert.ToInt32(ResultHeight);


    Process procJPG = new Process();
    string appPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Application.ExecutablePath);
    procJPG.EnableRaisingEvents = false;
    procJPG.StartInfo.FileName = @"""C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-6.9.0-Q16\convert.exe""";
    procJPG.StartInfo.Arguments = string.Format(@"{1} ( {0} -resize {3}% ) -gravity South -composite {2}", source, background, output, Height);
    procJPG.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
    procJPG.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
    procJPG.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
    procJPG.Start();
    procJPG.WaitForExit();
  }
}

由于您实际上并没有使用图像（只是获取它们的高度），您可以将这些 using 块变小，但我会留给你。

...但是...

关于 OutOfMemoryException

此外，您说它恰好发生在 22 张图片上（如果内存不足会很奇怪，除非图片一直很大），但请阅读相同的文档：

If the file does not have a valid image format or if GDI+ does not support the pixel format of the file, this method throws an OutOfMemoryException exception.

因此请确保第 22 张图像（"source" 或 "background"，具体取决于它抛出的位置）具有正确的格式

使用进程内存不足

Out Of Memory using Process

c#

process

imagemagick-convert

关于 OutOfMemoryException