如何在 python bs4 中使用 xpath 获取字符串？

Question

我需要使用 python 和 bs4 将字符串放入 li 标签中。我正在尝试使用以下代码：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from lxml import etree

html_doc = """
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
   <div class="container">
      <section id="page">
         <div class="content">   
            <div class="box">  
               <ul>
                  <li>Name: Peter</li>
                  <li>Age: 21</li>
                  <li>Status: Active</li>
               </ul> 
            </div>
         </div>
      </section>
   </div>
</body>
</html>
"""

soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc, 'lxml')
dom = etree.HTML(str(soup))
print (dom.xpath('/html/body/div/section/div[1]/div[1]/ul/li[3]'))

那个returns： [<0x7fc640e896c0 处的元素 li>]

但想要的结果是如下所示的 li 标签文本： 状态：有效

怎么办？谢谢

Answer 1

在 xpath 中你只需要使用 text() 方法

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from lxml import etree

html_doc = """
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
   <div class="container">
      <section id="page">
         <div class="content">   
            <div class="box">  
               <ul>
                  <li>Name: Peter</li>
                  <li>Age: 21</li>
                  <li>Status: Active</li>
               </ul> 
            </div>
         </div>
      </section>
   </div>
</body>
</html>
"""

soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc, 'lxml')
dom = etree.HTML(str(soup))
print(dom.xpath('/html/body/div/section/div[1]/div[1]/ul/li[3]/text())

输出：

 ['Status: Active']

#或

for li in dom.xpath('/html/body/div/section/div[1]/div[1]/ul/li[3]/text()'):
    txt=li.split()[1]
    print(txt)

输出：

Active

#或

print(' '.join(dom.xpath('/html/body/div/section/div[1]/div[1]/ul/li[3]/text()')))

输出：

Status: Active

#或

print(''.join(dom.xpath('//*[@class="box"]/ul/li[3]/text()')))

输出：

Status: Active

Answer 2

试试下面的方法（不需要外部库）

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

xml = """
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
   <div class="container">
      <section id="page">
         <div class="content">   
            <div class="box">  
               <ul>
                  <li>Name: Peter</li>
                  <li>Age: 21</li>
                  <li>Status: Active</li>
               </ul> 
            </div>
         </div>
      </section>
   </div>
</body>
</html>
"""
root = ET.fromstring(xml)
print(root.find('.//ul')[-1].text)

输出

Status: Active

如何在 python bs4 中使用 xpath 获取字符串？

How to get string using xpath in python bs4?

html

python

lxml

beautifulsoup

xml.etree