为什么我在以前工作的代码上出现 TypeError？

Question

我有这段代码可以遍历 json 文件。用户指定要提取的层，然后将其名称保存在 inputLabels 中，此 for 循环从这些层中提取数据：

with open(inputfilename, 'r', encoding='utf8', newline='\r\n') as f:
        data = json.load(f)
        for line in data:
            if line['label'] in inputLabels:
                elements = [(e['body']['value']).replace(" ", "_") + "\t" for e in line['first']['items']]
                outputData.append(elements)

我一年前写了这段代码，从那以后运行多次使用都没有问题，但是今天运行我收到了 TypeError。

    if line['label'] in inputLabels:
TypeError: string indices must be integers

如果这是一个真正的 TypeError，我不明白为什么我的代码之前能够工作。为什么这只是代码中的问题，我该如何解决？

编辑：粘贴了 json 的一部分：

{
  "contains": [
    {
      "total": 118,
      "generated": "ELAN Multimedia Annotator 6.2",
      "id": "xxx",
      "label": "BAR001_TEXT",
      "type": "AnnotationCollection",
      "@context": "http://www.w3.org/ns/ldp.jsonld",
      "first": {
        "startIndex": "0",
        "id": "xxx",
        "type": "AnnotationPage",
        "items": [
          {
            "id": "xxx",
            "type": "Annotation",
            "body": {
              "purpose": "transcribing",
              "format": "text/plain",
              "language": "",
              "type": "TextualBody",
              "value": ""
            },
        "@context": "http://www.w3.org/ns/anno.jsonld",
        "target": {
          "format": "audio/x-wav",
          "id": "xxx",
          "type": "Audio"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "xxx",
        "type": "Annotation",
        "body": {
          "purpose": "transcribing",
          "format": "text/plain",
          "language": "",
          "type": "TextualBody",
          "value": "Dobar vam"
        },
        "@context": "http://www.w3.org/ns/anno.jsonld",
        "target": {
          "format": "audio/x-wav",
          "id": "xxx",
          "type": "Audio"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "xxx",
        "type": "Annotation",
        "body": {
          "purpose": "transcribing",
          "format": "text/plain",
          "language": "",
          "type": "TextualBody",
          "value": "Je"
        },
        "@context": "http://www.w3.org/ns/anno.jsonld",
        "target": {
          "format": "audio/x-wav",
          "id": "xxx",
          "type": "Audio"
        }
      },

Answer 1

一个漂亮的 pythonic 方法是使用异常：

with open(inputfilename, 'r', encoding='utf8', newline='\r\n') as f:
        data = json.load(f)
        for line in data:
            try:
                if line['label'] in inputLabels:
                    elements = [(e['body']['value']).replace(" ", "_") + "\t" for e in line['first']['items']]
                    outputData.append(elements)
            except Exception as e:
                print( f"{type(e)} : {e} when trying to use {line}")

您的代码将运行通过并提示您失败的原因

Answer 2

如果将 for line in data: 替换为 for line in data['contains']

，您的代码可能会正常工作

可能 JSON 架构之前没有 "contains" 级别。

Answer 3

原来这是一个非常简单的修复。所有 JSON 文件都在一个容器中（查看我在问题中发布的部分，它是第二行，“包含”:)。在那之后，我能够成功地删除那个容器及其 open/closing 括号和代码运行。感谢大家的帮助。

为什么我在以前工作的代码上出现 TypeError？

Why am I getting TypeError on code that worked previously?

python

json

typeerror

file-conversion