使用私钥将 X509 证书导入 certlm (.NET Core 6)

Question

我正在生成 X509 证书以使用以下代码在 Azure 中使用 .NET 授权应用程序：

private static X509Certificate2 BuildSelfSignedCertificate(string CertificateName, int DaysValid)
        {
            SubjectAlternativeNameBuilder sanBuilder = new SubjectAlternativeNameBuilder();
            sanBuilder.AddIpAddress(IPAddress.Loopback);
            sanBuilder.AddIpAddress(IPAddress.IPv6Loopback);
            sanBuilder.AddDnsName("localhost");
            sanBuilder.AddDnsName(Environment.MachineName);

            X500DistinguishedName distinguishedName = new X500DistinguishedName($"CN={CertificateName}");

            using RSA rsa = RSA.Create(2048);
            var request = new CertificateRequest(distinguishedName, rsa, HashAlgorithmName.SHA256, RSASignaturePadding.Pkcs1);

            request.CertificateExtensions.Add(
                new X509KeyUsageExtension(X509KeyUsageFlags.DataEncipherment | X509KeyUsageFlags.KeyEncipherment | X509KeyUsageFlags.DigitalSignature, false));

            request.CertificateExtensions.Add(
               new X509EnhancedKeyUsageExtension(
                   new OidCollection { new Oid("1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1") }, false));

            request.CertificateExtensions.Add(sanBuilder.Build());

            var certificate = request.CreateSelfSigned(new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(-1)), new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(DaysValid)));
#pragma warning disable CA1416 // Validate platform compatibility
            certificate.FriendlyName = CertificateName;
#pragma warning restore CA1416 // Validate platform compatibility

            return certificate;
        }

效果很好，但是当我使用以下方法导入证书时，不包括私钥：

X509Store store = new(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.LocalMachine);
            store.Open(OpenFlags.ReadWrite);
            store.Add(cert);
            store.Close();

但是，如果我将证书导出到一个字节数组并从该数组创建一个新的 X509Certificate2 对象，则可以正确导入私钥。

var cert = new X509Certificate2(certificate.Export(X509ContentType.Pkcs12, "password"), "password", X509KeyStorageFlags.MachineKeySet | X509KeyStorageFlags.Exportable);

请注意“您有一个与此证书对应的私钥”消息。

如何在不诉诸这种笨拙的解决方法的情况下导入证书 + 私钥？

Answer 1

How can I import the cert + private key without resorting to this awkward workaround?

首先将密钥创建为永久密钥。

using RSA rsa = RSA.Create(2048);

此行创建一个临时（仅 in-memory）私钥。相反你可以做

CngKeyCreationParameters keyParams = new CngKeyCreationParameters
{
    ExportPolicy = CngExportPolicies.AllowPlaintextExport,
    KeyCreationOptions = CngKeyCreationOptions.MachineKey,
    Parameters =
    {
        new CngProperty("Length", BitConverter.GetBytes(2048), CngPropertyOptions.Persist),
    },
};

using CngKey cngKey = CngKey.Create(CngAlgorithm.Rsa, Guid.NewGuid().ToString("D"), keyParams);
using RSA rsa = new RSACng(cngKey);

现在创建的证书与 already-persisted 密钥相关联。

（请注意，此代码段使用 MachineKey 且可导出，因为这就是 PFX 导入标志的问题）

使用私钥将 X509 证书导入 certlm (.NET Core 6)

Import X509 certificate to certlm with private key (.NET Core 6)

c#

.net

x509certificate

.net-6.0