使用 gradle 通过命令行构建 android 应用程序

Question

我比较好奇，而不是一个如果不解决就可能导致问题的问题；

我发现要构建一个 android 应用程序，您可以在项目的根目录中调用 gradlew(.bat)。所以当我运行例如
gradlew tasks
它生成以下内容

Downloading https://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-4.1-all.zip

Exception in thread "main" java.net.UnknownHostException: services.gradle.org
        at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
        at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
        at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
        at java.net.Socket.connect(Unknown Source)
        at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
        at sun.security.ssl.BaseSSLSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.NetworkClient.doConnect(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.<init>(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.New(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.getNewHttpClient(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect0(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(Unknown Source)
        at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(Unknown Source)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.Download.downloadInternal(Download.java:58)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.Download.download(Download.java:44)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.Install.call(Install.java:61)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.Install.call(Install.java:48)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.ExclusiveFileAccessManager.access(ExclusiveFileAccessManager.java:65)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.Install.createDist(Install.java:48)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.WrapperExecutor.execute(WrapperExecutor.java:128)
        at org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain.main(GradleWrapperMain.java:61)

我只是可以连接到互联网并让它下载必要的文件，
但这里我提到的好奇心起源于：
当我通过 android studio 构建（调试）应用程序时，android studio 生成的 APK 完全没有错误，这是怎么回事？
在 android studio 中，我定义了 'local gradle distribution' 来代替下面 link 中出现的 'default gradle wrapper'：

captured_and_std_img

回到命令行，然后我定义了环境变量 GRADLE_HOME 并再次尝试使用 gradle[=60 构建应用程序=] 现在是一个可识别的命令，如下所示：

gradle assembleDebug
但它也产生了以下内容：

Starting a Gradle Daemon, 2 incompatible Daemons could not be reused, use --status for details FAILURE: Build failed with an exception. * What went wrong: A problem occurred configuring root project 'MyApplication2'. > Could not resolve all files for configuration ':classpath'. > Could not resolve com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.1. Required by: project : > Could not resolve com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.1. > Could not get resource 'https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/com/android/tools/build/gradle/3.0.1/gradle-3.0.1.pom '. > Could not GET 'https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/com/android/tools/build/gradle/3.0.1/gradle-3.0.1.pom'. > dl.google.com > Could not resolve com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.1. > Could not get resource 'https://jcenter.bintray.com/com/android/tools/build/gradle/3.0.1/gradle-3.0.1.pom'. > Could not GET 'https://jcenter.bintray.com/com/android/tools/build/gradle/3.0.1/gradle-3.0.1.pom'. > jcenter.bintray.com * Try: Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. * Get more help at https://help.gradle.org BUILD FAILED in 38s

我不确定 assembleDebug 是否可以用作 gradle 命令的参数，我知道你可以将它与 gradlew，但我仍然不想下载文件 (gradle-4.1-all.zip) 并想使用 [= 构建 APK 70=]。 :))
任何可能的解决方案将不胜感激

编辑：
build.gradle(项目)文件内容：
//task wrapper(type: Wrapper) { // gradleVersion = '4.1' //} buildscript { repositories { google() jcenter() } dependencies { classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.1' } } allprojects { repositories { google() jcenter() } } task clean(type: Delete) { delete rootProject.buildDir }

build.gradle(模块):

apply plugin: 'com.android.application' android { compileSdkVersion 25 defaultConfig { applicationId "com.example.myapplication" minSdkVersion 18 targetSdkVersion 25 versionCode 1 versionName "1.0" testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner" } buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled false proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro' } } productFlavors { } buildToolsVersion '28.0.3' } dependencies { implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs') implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1' implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2' implementation 'com.android.support:design:25.3.1' }

Answer 1

检查您的 Android Studio 是否有代理并检查您的 gradle.properties 是否也有代理

Answer 2

我注意到 Android Studio 每次我调试应用程序并将该文件作为gradle command-line 的参数：

2022-04-03 10:37:18,658 [ thread 18] INFO - oject.common.GradleInitScripts - init script file sync.local.repo contents "allprojects {\n buildscript {\n repositories {\n maven { url 'C:\\Program Files\\Android\\Android Studio\\gradle\\m2repository'}\n }\n }\n repositories {\n maven { url 'C:\\Program Files\\Android\\Android Studio\\gradle\\m2repository'}\n }\n}\n"

普通视角下的内容：


allprojects {
  buildscript {
    repositories {
      maven { url 'C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio\gradle\m2repository'}
    }
  }
  repositories {
      maven { url 'C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio\gradle\m2repository'}
  }
}

使用 --init-script 选项传递给 gradle command-line：


gradle --init-script path/to/file --offline assembleDebug

--init-script 选项大概可以在gradle.properties 文件中定义，我没有测试过！

使用 gradle 通过命令行构建 android 应用程序

build android apps through command-line using gradle

android

gradle

android-studio