为什么我不能将数字模板参数传递给我的模板函数?

Why can I not pass a numeric template parameter to my templated function?

我有一个自定义 class 封装了一个 std::tuple(“MyTuple”),另一个 class 实现了一个 std::tuple(“MyInterface”)的自定义接口。我在代码库中需要这个单独的接口,下面的代码被简化了。

由于 std::tuple 的元素需要使用键作为模板参数来访问,接口的函数有一个数字模板参数 size_t Key 然后将其提供给 std::get 作为元组例如。

这个接口工作正常,但是当从另一个将数字参数作为“key”传递的模板函数调用它时,就不行了:

#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
#include <tuple>
#include <string>

template <typename... Types>
class MyInterface {
  public:
    MyInterface(const std::tuple<Types...>& tuple) : tuple(tuple) {}

    template <size_t Key>
    std::string getString() {
      return std::to_string(std::get<Key>(tuple));
    }
  private:
    const std::tuple<Types...>& tuple;
};

template <typename... Types>
class MyTuple {

  public:
    MyTuple(Types... values) : value(std::tuple<Types...>(values...)) {}

    template <size_t Key>
    std::string asString() {
      MyInterface<Types...> interface(value);
      return interface.getString<Key>(); // here I get the compiler error
    }

  private:
    std::tuple<Types...> value;
};

int main() {
  MyInterface<int, float, long> interface(std::tuple<int, float, long>(7, 3.3, 40));
  std::cout << interface.getString<0>() << std::endl; // this works fine

  MyTuple<int, float, long> tuple(7, 3.3, 40);
  std::cout << tuple.asString<0>() << std::endl;
}

g++的完整输出:

templated_function_parameter_pack.cpp: In member function ‘std::__cxx11::string MyTuple<Types>::asString()’:
templated_function_parameter_pack.cpp:28:39: error: expected primary-expression before ‘)’ token
       return interface.getString<Key>(); // here I get the compiler error
                                       ^
templated_function_parameter_pack.cpp: In instantiation of ‘std::__cxx11::string MyTuple<Types>::asString() [with long unsigned int Key = 0; Types = {int, float, long int}; std::__cxx11::string = std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>]’:
templated_function_parameter_pack.cpp:40:34:   required from here
templated_function_parameter_pack.cpp:28:33: error: invalid operands of types ‘<unresolved overloaded function type>’ and ‘long unsigned int’ to binary ‘operator<’
       return interface.getString<Key>(); // here I get the compiler error

为什么在 MyTuple::asString<size_t Key> 中调用 interface.getString<Key>() 的语法无效?

当要调用实例的模板方法时,需要这样写:

return interface.template getString<Key>();

您会在这个答案中找到所有原因的详细信息:Where and why do I have to put the "template" and "typename" keywords?