如何从 POST 请求数据中以 HTML 形式获取单选单选按钮数据？

Question

所以我正在编写一个由 Django 中的多项选择题 (MCQ) 组成的测试平台。一切正常，但我认为我的问题页面中的单选按钮值无法通过 POST 请求获取。

非常感谢您的帮助！

这是我的模型：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from .managers import UserManager
from questions.models import Question

class User( AbstractUser ) : 

    email = models.EmailField( verbose_name = 'Email Address', unique = True, null = False )
    username = None

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
    objects = UserManager()

    def __str__( self ) : return self.get_username()



class Student( models.Model ) :

    user = models.OneToOneField( User, on_delete = models.PROTECT )
    mobile = models.CharField( verbose_name = 'Mobile Number', max_length = 10, unique = True )

    def __str__( self ) : return self.user.get_username()


JAVA='J'
PYTHON='P'
DATABASE='D'
OPERATING_SYSTEM='O'
NETWORKING='N'

SUBJECT_CODE = [
    ( JAVA,'java' ),
    ( PYTHON,'python' ),
    ( DATABASE,'database management' ),
    ( OPERATING_SYSTEM,'operating systems' ),
    ( NETWORKING,'Computer Networks' )
]

class Performance( models.Model ) : 

    global SUBJECT_CODE

    student = models.ForeignKey( Student, on_delete = models.PROTECT )
    question = models.OneToOneField( Question, on_delete = models.PROTECT, null = True )

    score = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField( verbose_name = 'Score', null = True )
    qno = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField( null = True )
    qindex = models.IntegerField( null = True )
    subject_code = models.CharField( verbose_name = 'Subject Code', max_length = 32, choices = SUBJECT_CODE, default = PYTHON, null = False )
    date_appeared = models.DateField( verbose_name = 'Date of Exam', auto_now_add = True, null = False )

from django.db import models



EASY='E'
MEDIUM='M'
HARD='H'
DIFFICULTY_LEVEL=[
    (EASY,'easy'),
    (MEDIUM,'medium'),
    (HARD,'hard')
]

A='A'
B='B'
C='C'
D='D'

CORRECT_ANSWER=[(A,'A'),(B,'B'),(C,'C'),(D,'D')]

JAVA='J'
PYTHON='P'
DATABASE='D'
OPERATING_SYSTEM='O'
NETWORKING='N'



SUBJECT_CODE=[
    (JAVA,'java'),
    (PYTHON,'python'),
    (DATABASE,'database management'),
    (OPERATING_SYSTEM,'operating systems'),
    (NETWORKING,'computer networks')
]



class Question( models.Model ) :

    id=models.AutoField(primary_key=True, null=False)
    subcode=models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=SUBJECT_CODE,default=PYTHON,null=False)
    
    q_string=models.CharField(max_length=512,null=False)
    
    A=models.CharField(max_length=512,null=False)
    B=models.CharField(max_length=512,null=False)
    C=models.CharField(max_length=512)
    D=models.CharField(max_length=512)
    
    correct=models.CharField(max_length=1,choices=CORRECT_ANSWER,default=A,null=False)
    difficulty=models.CharField(max_length=1,choices=DIFFICULTY_LEVEL, default=EASY,null=False) 

    def __str__(self): return self.subcode+" "+str(self.id)

以下是我的看法：

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from profiles.models import User, Student, Performance
from questions.models import Question
from random import randint

subject_codes = {
    'J' : 'Java',
    'P' : 'Python',
    'O' : 'Operating Systems',
    'N' : 'Computer Networks',
    'D' : 'DBMS'
}


def initialise_test_request( request ) : 

    request.student = Student.objects.get( user = request.user )
    if Performance.objects.filter( student = request.student ).exists() is not True : Performance( student = request.student, subject_code = request.subject_code, score = 0, qno = 1 ).save()

    p = Performance.objects.get( student = request.student )
    
    p.subject_code = request.subject_code
    p.qno = 0
    p.score = 0
    p.qindex = randint( 0, 9 )
    p.question = list( Question.objects.filter( subcode = request.subject_code ) )[ p.qindex ]
    p.save()
    
    return request


def instruction( request, subject_code = None ) :

    if subject_code is not None :
        request.subject_code = subject_code
        request.subject = subject_codes[ subject_code ]

    if request.method == 'POST' : 
        
        if 'test_start' in request.POST.keys() : request = initialise_test_request( request )
        return test( request )

    return render( request, 'instructions.html', {} )

def test( request ) :

    try : p = request.p
    except : p = Performance.objects.get( student = Student.objects.get( user = request.user ) )

    if p.qno > 0 :
        if request.POST[ 'option' ] == list( Question.objects.filter( subcode = p.subject_code ) )[ p.qindex ] : 
            p.score = p.score + 1
            p.save()

    if p.qno == 10 : return render( request, 'score.html', { 'score' : p.score } )
    
    p.qno = p.qno + 1
    p.qindex = randint( 0, 9 )
    p.question = list( Question.objects.filter( subcode = p.subject_code ) )[ p.qindex ]
    p.save()

    request.p = p
    return render( request, 'question.html', { 'p' : p } )

这是我的问题页面：

{% extends 'common.html' %}

{% load static %}

{% block title %}  TEST {% endblock %}

{% block stylesheet %}

    <script type = "text/javascript">

        function submitAndNext()
        {
            var url = 
        }

    </script>

{% endblock %}



{% block body %}

    <center>

        <div>
            {{ p.qno }}. {{ p.question.q_string }}<br>
        </div>

    </center>

    <br>

    <form action="" method="POST">
        {% csrf_token %}

        <div  style="margin-left: 50px;">

            <input type="radio" id="" name="option" value="A" required>
            <label for="">{{ p.question.A }}</label>
            <br><br>
            
            <input type="radio" id="" name="option" value="B">
            <label for="css">{{ p.question.B }}</label>
            <br><br>
            
            <input type="radio" id="" name="option" value="C">
            <label for="css">{{ p.question.C }}</label>
            <br><br>
            
            <input type="radio" id="" name="option" value="D">
            <label for="css">{{ p.question.D }}</label>
            <br><br><br>
            
            <input type = "hidden" name = "test_started">
            
            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success rounded-pill">Submit and Next</button>

        </div>

    </form>

    {{ p.score }}

{% endblock %}

我一直在尝试不同的东西，所以可能会有一些差异。即使点击了正确的选项，分数也没有更新。

Answer 1

选中输入框时 returns 'on'。这是您需要的：

在views.py

if request.method =="POST":
    if request.POST.get('the_name', None) == 'on':
        print(request.POST.get('option'))
if request.method =="POST":
    if request.POST.get('the_name2', None) == 'on':
        print(request.POST.get('option'))

在form.html

 <input type="radio" name="the_name"/>

 <input type="checkbox" name="the_name2"/>

如何从 POST 请求数据中以 HTML 形式获取单选单选按钮数据？

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