如何找到任何一对 GPS 点之间的最大距离？

Question

我正在尝试确定包含 1000 个 GPS 点的数据框中任意两对 GPS 点之间的最大距离。我不确定到目前为止我所做的是否正确。我怎样才能做到这一点？谢谢

structure(list(Id = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L), .Label = "A628", class = "factor"), DateTime = structure(c(1557401400, 
1557403200, 1557405000, 1557406800, 1557408600, 1557410400, 1557417600, 
1557419400, 1557421200, 1557423000), class = c("POSIXct", "POSIXt"
), tzone = "CST6CDT"), Longitude = c(-97.4468676, -97.4760327, 
-97.4766244, -97.4768354, -97.4766027, -97.4762566, -97.4756206, 
-97.4760795, -97.4757018, -97.4758084), Latitude = c(26.5649515, 
26.5864111, 26.5874319, 26.5874866, 26.5874287, 26.5878552, 26.5881477, 
26.588534, 26.5879895, 26.5876414)), row.names = c(NA, 10L), class = "data.frame")

library(sp)
library(adehabitatHR)
library(raster)
library(rgdal)
library(sf)

collars <- read.csv('C:\Users\kujld016\Desktop\All\Projects\Thermal_Deer\all_data\collars_clean.csv')

collars <- collars %>%
  mutate_if(is.character, as.factor) %>%
  mutate(DateTime=as.POSIXct(DateTime, format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",tz='CST6CDT'))

for(j in 1:length(collars)) {
  collarIDs <- unique(collars$Id)
  
  for(i in 1:length(collarIDs)) { 
    collarID <- collarIDs[i]
    collar <- filter(collars, Id == collarID)
    
    #coerce to spatialpointsdataframe and reproject
    dat.sp<-SpatialPointsDataFrame(coords=collar[c('Longitude', 'Latitude')],data=collar,
                                   proj4string=CRS("+proj=longlat +ellps=WGS84 +datum=WGS84 +no_defs"))
    
    dat.proj <- spTransform(dat.sp, CRS("+proj=utm +zone=14 +ellps=GRS80 +datum=NAD83 +units=m +no_defs"))

aref <- (max(spDists(dat.proj))) ###is this calculating the maximum distance between any 2 points in the data frame

Answer 1

使用 sf 包比 sp 更容易：

library(sf)
library(dplyr)

# the_data <- from posted sample data in question
# make data.frame an sf object with lat/lon projection
data_sf <- st_as_sf(the_data, coords = c("Longitude", "Latitude")) %>%
  st_set_crs(4326)

# distance matrix for all the points
dist_mat <- st_distance(data_sf)

# where's the longest distance?
which(dist_mat == max(dist_mat), arr.ind = TRUE)
#>      row col
#> [1,]   8   1
#> [2,]   1   8

dist_mat[8,1]
#> 3913.472 [m]

^{由 reprex package (v2.0.1)}

于 2022-04-08 创建

Answer 2

另一种选择：找到你的点的最小外接圆（包 {lwgeom}）。此圆的直径或边界框边长是样本中两个最极端点之间的距离。

library(sf)
library(dplyr)
library(lwgeom) ## for the bounding circle

## df = your dataframe with long/lat columns
my_points <- st_multipoint(cbind(df$Longitude, df$Latitude)) %>%
        st_sfc %>% 
        ## specify that these are unprojected geographic coordinates
        ## (longitude, latitude) of EPSG 4326 = WGS84
        st_set_crs(4326) %>%
        ## now transform into appropriate projection for measuring
        ## distance, e.g. EPSG 32614 = UTM 14N for your location
        st_transform(32614)


## get bounding circle:
my_bcircle <- my_points %>%
    lwgeom::st_minimum_bounding_circle(.)
## get bounding box of bounding circle 
## and its edge length = max_dist:
my_bbox <- my_bcircle %>% st_bbox
max_dist <- my_bbox %>% .[c('xmax','xmin')] %>%  dist

快速目视检查：

library(mapview)
mapview(my_bbox) +
    mapview(my_bcircle) +
    mapview(my_points)

最大距离（米）：

# > max_dist
#
#          xmax
# xmin 3910.623
#

如何找到任何一对 GPS 点之间的最大距离？

How to find the maximum distance between any pair of GPS points?

r

gps

geospatial

spatial