指向模板化类的共享指针向量

Question

我有一个采用多态类型 Task 的模板化 class TaskRunner，我想创建一个指向它们的共享指针的容器。

class Task {
    virtual void run() = 0;
};

class LoudTask : Task {
    void run() {
        std::cout << "RUNNING!" << std::endl;
    }
};

class QuietTask : Task {
    void run() {
        std::cout << "running!" << std::endl;
    }
};

template<typename T> class TaskRunner {
    public:
        TaskRunner<T>() {
            task = std::make_unique<T>();
        }
    private:
        std::unique_ptr<T> task;
};


using Runner = std::shared_ptr<TaskRunner<Task>>;

但是我得到 error: no matching member function for call to 'push_back' 有：

std::vector<Runner> runners;

runners.push_back(std::make_shared<TaskRunner<QuietTask>>());
runners.push_back(std::make_shared<TaskRunner<LoudTask>>());

由于：

note: candidate function not viable: no known conversion from 'shared_ptr<TaskRunner>' to 'const shared_ptr<TaskRunner>' for 1st argument

Answer 1

实施了 IgorTandetnik 的建议，对我有用：

#include <iostream>

#include <memory>
#include <vector>

class Task {
    virtual void run() = 0;
};

class LoudTask : Task {
public:
    void run() {
        std::cout << "RUNNING!" << std::endl;
    }
};

class QuietTask : Task {
public:
    void run() {
        std::cout << "running!" << std::endl;
    }
};

class TaskRunnerBase
{
public:
    virtual void run() =0;
};

template <class T>
class TaskRunner: public TaskRunnerBase {
    public:
        TaskRunner():
            task(std::make_unique<T>()) {
        }
        void run() override
        {
            task->run();
        }
    private:
        std::unique_ptr<T> task;
};

int main()
{
    using Runner = std::shared_ptr<TaskRunnerBase>;
    std::vector<Runner> runners;
    
    runners.push_back(std::make_shared<TaskRunner<QuietTask>>());
    runners.push_back(std::make_shared<TaskRunner<LoudTask>>());

    runners[0]->run();
    runners[1]->run();
}

输出：

running!
RUNNING!

但是请注意，TaskRunner 不需要是模板；正如上面目前实现的那样，它具有双重作用：(1) 任务工厂，以及 (2) 任务的容器和运行器。

很好地把它分开，那里，工厂方面被移到了主要功能。

Answer 2

如果 TaskRunner 应该运行仅从 Task 继承的任务，您可以考虑 de-templatizing 它：

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>

class Task {
   public:
    virtual void run() = 0;
};

class LoudTask : public Task {
   public:
    void run() override { std::cout << "RUNNING!" << std::endl; }
};

class QuietTask : public Task {
   public:
    void run() override { std::cout << "running!" << std::endl; }
};

class TaskRunner {
   public:
    explicit TaskRunner(std::unique_ptr<Task>&& task_)
        : task(std::move(task_)) {}

    void run() {
        if (this->task) this->task->run();
    }

   private:
    std::unique_ptr<Task> task;
};

int main() {
    using Runner = std::shared_ptr<TaskRunner>;
    std::vector<Runner> runners;

    runners.push_back(
        std::make_shared<TaskRunner>(std::make_unique<QuietTask>()));
    runners.push_back(
        std::make_shared<TaskRunner>(std::make_unique<LoudTask>()));

    for (auto& runner : runners) runner->run();
}

Answer 3

这是另一种实现，它消除了对另一个继承层次结构和 vtable 的需要，因为我们已经使用任务层次结构实现了这一点：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

class Task {
public:
    virtual void run() = 0;
};

class LoudTask : public Task {
public:
    void run() {
        std::cout << "RUNNING!" << std::endl;
    }
};

class QuietTask : public Task {
public:
    void run() {
        std::cout << "running!" << std::endl;
    }
};

class TaskRunner {
public:
    TaskRunner(std::unique_ptr<LoudTask> task) : m_task{ std::unique_ptr<Task>(task.release()) } {}
    TaskRunner(std::unique_ptr<QuietTask> task) : m_task{ std::unique_ptr<Task>(task.release()) } {}
    void run()
    {
        m_task->run();
    }
private:
    std::unique_ptr<Task> m_task;
};

using Runner = std::shared_ptr<TaskRunner>;

int main()
{
    std::vector<Runner> runners;

    runners.push_back(std::make_shared<TaskRunner>(std::make_unique<QuietTask>()));
    runners.push_back(std::make_shared<TaskRunner>(std::make_unique<LoudTask>()));

    runners[0]->run();
    runners[1]->run();
}

指向模板化类的共享指针向量

Vector of shared pointers to templated classes

c++

c++11

polymorphism

shared-ptr

smart-pointers

指向模板化 类 的共享指针向量

Vector of shared pointers to templated classes

c++

c++11

polymorphism

shared-ptr

smart-pointers

指向模板化类的共享指针向量