如何防止每次调用主机时都创建 class 的新实例?

How to prevent creating a new instance of the class every time the host is called?

在我的 Java 程序中,它是一个 Chrome extension's host(或本机应用程序),每次主机被我的 Chrome 扩展程序调用时,我的 [= =23=]小程序 class 已创建。

如何防止这种情况发生?我的意思是我需要为所有主机-扩展-主机调用提供一个单独的 Applet 对象,如何实现?

这是我的程序:

import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

public class Applet {

    static Applet myApplet;

    public Applet(){
        System.err.println("new instance created!");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            if (myApplet == null)
                myApplet = new Applet();
            myApplet.readMessage();
            myApplet.sendMessage("{\"data\": \"somee data\"}");
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            System.err.println("error");
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, ex.getMessage());
        }
    }

    public String readMessage() {
        String msg = "";
        try {
            int c, t = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i <= 3; i++) {
                t += Math.pow(256.0f, i) * System.in.read();
            }

            for (int i = 0; i < t; i++) {
                c = System.in.read();
                msg += (char) c;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "error in reading message from JS");
        }
        return msg;
    }

    public void sendMessage(String msgdata) {
        try {
            int dataLength = msgdata.length();
            System.out.write((byte) (dataLength & 0xFF));
            System.out.write((byte) ((dataLength >> 8) & 0xFF));
            System.out.write((byte) ((dataLength >> 16) & 0xFF));
            System.out.write((byte) ((dataLength >> 24) & 0xFF));

            // Writing the message itself
            System.out.write(msgdata.getBytes());
            System.out.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "error in sending message to JS");
        }
    }
}

我认为不需要添加任何扩展或 background.js 代码,但如果您也需要查看这些,请告诉我。

非常感谢。

使用Singleton Pattern?

  • Ensure that only one instance of a class is created
  • Provide a global point of access to the object

像这样:

public class Applet {

    private static Applet myApplet = null;

    // Private constructor
    private Applet(){
        System.err.println("New instance created!"); // Should only occur once
    }

    // Use this to get the single instance of Applet?
    public static Applet getInstance() {
        if(myApplet == null) {
            myApplet = new Applet();
        }
        return myApplet;
    }
}

有关单例模式的更多信息,请查看 this

您需要将对象更改为单例。如果 Singleton 对象为 null 并且 return 该对象,则以下代码将以同步方式创建 Singleton 对象。

public class Applet{

    // Object of the class which is going to be Singleton object
    // It's necessary to declare it as static, otherwise it wont work
    private static Applet applet;

    // Private constructor to prevent other classes from initializing this class
    private Applet(){}

    public static Applet getInstance(){
        if( applet == null ){
            // Synchronized to prevent more than one initialization 
            // when two or more methods accessing this method for the first time parallely
            synchronized(Applet.class){
                if( applet == null ){
                    applet = new Applet();
                }
            }
        }
        return applet;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        Applet.getInstance().readMessage();
    }

    public String readMessage(){
        // Some operations
    }

}

首先 - 使用 chrome.runtime.connectNative instead of chrome.runtime.sendNativeMessage (example).

在您的本机应用程序 (Java) 中,使用无限循环来不断接收消息。目前,您只能接收和发送消息。在那之后,没有其他事情发生,所以你的应用程序可以理解地退出。 stdio native messaging protocol很简单:

  • 读取 32 位消息长度(本机字节顺序)。
  • 读取 JSON 编码的消息(长度如前所述)。
  • 写入 32 位消息长度(本机字节顺序)。
  • 写入 JSON 编码的消息(长度如前所述)。
  • 重复直到任一端断开端口。

您的程序应该包含一个实现上述协议的(无限)循环。这是一个具有所需流程的程序结构:

class Applet {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Applet(); // Initialize application.
    }

    Applet() {
        while (true) {
            readMessage();
            // ... and save the state for later processing if needed

            // Send the reply:
            sendMessage("{\"data\": \"somee data\"}");
        }
    }

    // TODO: Implement readMessage and sendMessage (see question).
}