未处理的异常：参数无效

Question

我是一名新程序员，正在尝试用 c# 编写一个程序，该程序可以单击屏幕上的特定坐标并从屏幕上搜索图像，然后找到它并单击它。程序运行良好，但 30-40 分钟后崩溃。当它崩溃时 window 弹出 - 您的应用程序中发生了未处理的异常....

参数无效

详情如下：

See the end of this message for details on invoking 
just-in-time (JIT) debugging instead of this dialog box.

************** Exception Text **************
System.ArgumentException: Parameter is not valid.
   at System.Drawing.Bitmap..ctor(Int32 width, Int32 height, PixelFormat format)
   at System.Drawing.Bitmap..ctor(Int32 width, Int32 height)
   at Uncle_s_Bot.Form1.Screenshot()
   at Uncle_s_Bot.Form1.btnStart_Click(Object sender, EventArgs e)
   at System.Windows.Forms.Control.OnClick(EventArgs e)
   at System.Windows.Forms.Button.OnClick(EventArgs e)
   at System.Windows.Forms.Button.OnMouseUp(MouseEventArgs mevent)
   at System.Windows.Forms.Control.WmMouseUp(Message& m, MouseButtons button, Int32 clicks)
   at System.Windows.Forms.Control.WndProc(Message& m)
   at System.Windows.Forms.ButtonBase.WndProc(Message& m)
   at System.Windows.Forms.Button.WndProc(Message& m)
   at System.Windows.Forms.Control.ControlNativeWindow.OnMessage(Message& m)
   at System.Windows.Forms.Control.ControlNativeWindow.WndProc(Message& m)
   at System.Windows.Forms.NativeWindow.Callback(IntPtr hWnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wparam, IntPtr lparam)

这里和程序代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;

namespace Uncle_s_Bot
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        static extern void mouse_event(uint dwFlags, uint dx, uint dy, uint dwData,
        int dwExtraInfo);

        public enum MouseEventFlags : uint
        {
            MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE = 0x8000,
            MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN = 0x0002,
            MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP = 0x0004,
            MOUSEEVENTF_MIDDLEDOWN = 0x0020,
            MOUSEEVENTF_MIDDLEUP = 0x0040,
            MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE = 0x0001,
            MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN = 0x0008,
            MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP = 0x0010,
            MOUSEEVENTF_XDOWN = 0x0080,
            MOUSEEVENTF_XUP = 0x0100,
            MOUSEEVENTF_WHEEL = 0x0800,
            MOUSEEVENTF_HWHEEL = 0x01000
        }

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Bitmap bmpScreenshot;
            Point location;
            bool success;
            bool MaybeAvailable = false;


            while (true)
            {
                // Point 1
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(95, 140);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(7500);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);

                // Point 2
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(135, 135);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(10000);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);

                // Point 3
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(180, 140);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(10000);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);

                // Point 4
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(190, 170);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(8500);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);

                // Point 5
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(150, 185);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(10000);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);

                // Point 6
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(180, 210);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(10000);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);

                // Point 7
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(150, 240);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(8500);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);

                // Point 8
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(95, 235);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(9500);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);

                // Point 9
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(110, 200);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(10000);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);

                // Point 10
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(80, 170);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(10000);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);

                // Point 11
                do
                {
                    bmpScreenshot = Screenshot();
                    success = FindBitmap(Properties.Resources.bmp_Bonus, bmpScreenshot, out location);
                    if (success == true)
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = location;
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(1500);
                        MaybeAvailable = true;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Cursor.Position = new Point(120, 165);
                        mouseClick();
                        Thread.Sleep(11500);
                        MaybeAvailable = false;
                    }
                }
                while (MaybeAvailable);
            }

        }

        private void mouseClick()
        {
            mouse_event((uint)MouseEventFlags.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0);
            Thread.Sleep((new Random()).Next(20, 30));
            mouse_event((uint)MouseEventFlags.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        }

        private Bitmap Screenshot()
        {
            // save snapshot of screen
            Bitmap bmpScreenshot = new Bitmap(Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Width, Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Height);

            // create a graphic object so we can draw the screen in the bitmap
            Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmpScreenshot);

            // copy from screen into the bitmap we created
            g.CopyFromScreen(0, 0, 0, 0, Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Size);

            // return the screenshot
            return bmpScreenshot;
        }

        // Find location of a bitmap within another bitmap and return if it was succesufulyy found
        private bool FindBitmap(Bitmap bmpNeedle, Bitmap bmpHaystack, out Point location)
        {
            for (int outerX = 0; outerX < bmpHaystack.Width - bmpNeedle.Width; outerX++)
            {
                for (int outerY = 0; outerY < bmpHaystack.Height - bmpNeedle.Height; outerY++)
                {
                    for (int innerX = 0; innerX < bmpNeedle.Width; innerX++)
                    {
                        for (int innerY = 0; innerY < bmpNeedle.Height; innerY++)
                        {
                            Color cNeedle = bmpNeedle.GetPixel(innerX, innerY);
                            Color cHaystack = bmpHaystack.GetPixel(innerX + outerX, innerY + outerY);

                            if (cNeedle.R != cHaystack.R || cNeedle.G != cHaystack.G || cNeedle.B != cHaystack.B)
                            {
                                goto notFound;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    location = new Point(outerX, outerY);
                    return true;
                notFound:
                    continue;
                }
            }
            location = Point.Empty;
            return false;
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }
    }
}

Answer 1

创建新的位图，图形导致内部 GDI+ 函数调用。所有这些函数都可能以错误结束，并且错误被转换为 .NET 异常（不幸的是没有额外的参数名称、信息等）。因此，有些错误可能真的很难理解。

由于句柄泄漏和内存泄漏（在 GDI+ 的情况下），可能会发生一些问题。例如，创建大量非常大的位图会在非托管 space 中分配大量连续块。 GC 不知道内存压力，也不会尝试清理。在假设 100 次调用后传递足够大的宽度和高度可能会注意到内存不足并抱怨宽度和高度太大会引发 ArgumentException。

首先，如果不需要，请考虑处理位图。不要忘记处理图形。

如果没有帮助，请告诉我。

未处理的异常：参数无效

Unhandled exception: Parameter is not valid

.net

c#

unhandled

frameworks