为什么散景箱线图没有出现？
why doesn't bokeh boxplot appear?
table 我正在研究：
https://github.com/KeithGalli/pandas/blob/master/pokemon_data.csv
当我为 'HP' 列创建一个箱形图并使用 'Generation' 作为类别时它工作正常
代码IMAGE OF BOXPLOT PRODUCED:
def box_plot(df, vals, label, ylabel=None):
"""
Make a Bokeh box plot from a tidy DataFrame.
Parameters
----------
df : tidy Pandas DataFrame
DataFrame to be used for plotting
vals : hashable object
Column of DataFrame containing data to be used.
label : hashable object
Column of DataFrame use to categorize.
ylabel : str, default None
Text for y-axis label
Returns
-------
output : Bokeh plotting object
Bokeh plotting object that can be rendered with
bokeh.io.show()
Notes
-----
.. Based largely on example code found here:
https://github.com/bokeh/bokeh/blob/master/examples/plotting/file/boxplot.py
"""
# Get the categories
cats = list(df[label].unique())
# Group Data frame
df_gb = df.groupby(label)
# Compute quartiles for each group
q1 = df_gb[vals].quantile(q=0.25)
q2 = df_gb[vals].quantile(q=0.5)
q3 = df_gb[vals].quantile(q=0.75)
# Compute interquartile region and upper and lower bounds for outliers
iqr = q3 - q1
upper_cutoff = q3 + 1.5*iqr
lower_cutoff = q1 - 1.5*iqr
# Find the outliers for each category
def outliers(group):
cat = group.name
outlier_inds = (group[vals] > upper_cutoff[cat]) \
| (group[vals] < lower_cutoff[cat])
return group[vals][outlier_inds]
# Apply outlier finder
out = df_gb.apply(outliers).dropna()
# Points of outliers for plotting
outx = []
outy = []
for cat in cats:
# only add outliers if they exist
if not out[cat].empty:
for value in out[cat]:
outx.append(cat)
outy.append(value)
# If outliers, shrink whiskers to smallest and largest non-outlier
qmin = df_gb[vals].min()
qmax = df_gb[vals].max()
upper = [min([x,y]) for (x,y) in zip(qmax, upper_cutoff)]
lower = [max([x,y]) for (x,y) in zip(qmin, lower_cutoff)]
# Build figure
p = figure(sizing_mode='stretch_width')
p.ygrid.grid_line_color = 'white'
p.xgrid.grid_line_color = None
p.ygrid.grid_line_width = 2
p.yaxis.axis_label = ylabel
# stems
p.segment(cats, upper, cats, q3, line_width=2, line_color="black")
p.segment(cats, lower, cats, q1, line_width=2, line_color="black")
# boxes
p.rect(cats, (q3 + q1)/2, 0.5, q3 - q1, fill_color="red",
alpha=0.7, line_width=2, line_color="black")
# median (almost-0 height rects simpler than segments)
p.rect(cats, q2, 0.5, 0.01, line_color="black", line_width=2)
# whiskers (almost-0 height rects simpler than segments)
p.rect(cats, lower, 0.2, 0.01, line_color="black")
p.rect(cats, upper, 0.2, 0.01, line_color="black")
# outliers
p.circle(outx, outy, size=6, color="black")
return p
p = box_plot(df, 'HP', 'Generation', ylabel='HP')
show(p)
但是，如果我将最后的参数更改为：
p = box_plot(df, 'Attack', 'Generation', ylabel='HP')
show(p)
导致错误：
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
KeyError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [21], in <cell line: 96>()
92 p.circle(outx, outy, size=6, color="black")
94 return p
---> 96 p = box_plot(df, 'Attack', 'Generation', ylabel='HP')
97 show(p)
Input In [21], in box_plot(df, vals, label, ylabel)
55 outy = []
56 for cat in cats:
57 # only add outliers if they exist
---> 58 if not out[cat].empty:
59 for value in out[cat]:
60 outx.append(cat)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py:958, in Series.__getitem__(self, key)
955 return self._values[key]
957 elif key_is_scalar:
--> 958 return self._get_value(key)
960 if is_hashable(key):
961 # Otherwise index.get_value will raise InvalidIndexError
962 try:
963 # For labels that don't resolve as scalars like tuples and frozensets
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py:1069, in Series._get_value(self, label, takeable)
1066 return self._values[label]
1068 # Similar to Index.get_value, but we do not fall back to positional
-> 1069 loc = self.index.get_loc(label)
1070 return self.index._get_values_for_loc(self, loc, label)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\multi.py:2871, in MultiIndex.get_loc(self, key, method)
2868 return mask
2870 if not isinstance(key, tuple):
-> 2871 loc = self._get_level_indexer(key, level=0)
2872 return _maybe_to_slice(loc)
2874 keylen = len(key)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\multi.py:3251, in MultiIndex._get_level_indexer(self, key, level, indexer)
3247 end = level_codes.searchsorted(idx, side="right")
3249 if start == end:
3250 # The label is present in self.levels[level] but unused:
-> 3251 raise KeyError(key)
3252 return slice(start, end)
KeyError: 5
它似乎只适用于 HP 列和 Generation 类别。下面的另一个例子
如果我更改类别，比如 'Type 1'，它再次执行失败。
最后的代码：
p = box_plot(df, 'HP', 'Type 1', ylabel='HP')
show(p)
导致错误：
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
KeyError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [22], in <cell line: 96>()
92 p.circle(outx, outy, size=6, color="black")
94 return p
---> 96 p = box_plot(df, 'HP', 'Type 1', ylabel='HP')
97 show(p)
Input In [22], in box_plot(df, vals, label, ylabel)
55 outy = []
56 for cat in cats:
57 # only add outliers if they exist
---> 58 if not out[cat].empty:
59 for value in out[cat]:
60 outx.append(cat)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py:958, in Series.__getitem__(self, key)
955 return self._values[key]
957 elif key_is_scalar:
--> 958 return self._get_value(key)
960 if is_hashable(key):
961 # Otherwise index.get_value will raise InvalidIndexError
962 try:
963 # For labels that don't resolve as scalars like tuples and frozensets
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py:1069, in Series._get_value(self, label, takeable)
1066 return self._values[label]
1068 # Similar to Index.get_value, but we do not fall back to positional
-> 1069 loc = self.index.get_loc(label)
1070 return self.index._get_values_for_loc(self, loc, label)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\multi.py:2871, in MultiIndex.get_loc(self, key, method)
2868 return mask
2870 if not isinstance(key, tuple):
-> 2871 loc = self._get_level_indexer(key, level=0)
2872 return _maybe_to_slice(loc)
2874 keylen = len(key)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\multi.py:3251, in MultiIndex._get_level_indexer(self, key, level, indexer)
3247 end = level_codes.searchsorted(idx, side="right")
3249 if start == end:
3250 # The label is present in self.levels[level] but unused:
-> 3251 raise KeyError(key)
3252 return slice(start, end)
KeyError: 'Poison'
有什么指导可以帮助我调整代码以确保它适用于所有可能的组合吗？
要使您的代码 运行，您必须应用一些小的更改：
# old
# # Get the categories
# cats = list(df[label].unique())
# # Group Data frame
# df_gb = df.groupby(label)
# Group Data frame
df_gb = df.groupby(label)
# Get the categories
cats = list(df_gb.groups.keys())
此处选择的类别有误。同时更改此行：
# old
# if out[cat].empty:
if cat in out and not out[cat].empty: #new
这是因为并非所有类别都有异常值，您必须以某种方式跳过它们。这是您的代码抛出错误的地方。
如果您 运行 box_plot(df, 'HP', 'Type 1', ylabel='HP')，现在您的代码显示一个空白数字。这是因为索引是字符串而不是数字，bokeh 不知道将框放在哪里。
要使此字符串对字符串有效，请在创建 figure().
时将字符串应用于图形 x_range
# old
# # Build figure
# p = figure(sizing_mode='stretch_width')
cats = [str(i) for i in cats]
# Build figure
p = figure(sizing_mode='stretch_width', x_range=cats)
这里所有项目都转换为字符串并首先添加到散景图中。所以图中可以适当的加上方框
这一切都完成了，调用p = box_plot(df, 'HP', 'Type 1', ylabel='HP')得到这个图：
table 我正在研究：
https://github.com/KeithGalli/pandas/blob/master/pokemon_data.csv
当我为 'HP' 列创建一个箱形图并使用 'Generation' 作为类别时它工作正常
代码IMAGE OF BOXPLOT PRODUCED:
def box_plot(df, vals, label, ylabel=None):
"""
Make a Bokeh box plot from a tidy DataFrame.
Parameters
----------
df : tidy Pandas DataFrame
DataFrame to be used for plotting
vals : hashable object
Column of DataFrame containing data to be used.
label : hashable object
Column of DataFrame use to categorize.
ylabel : str, default None
Text for y-axis label
Returns
-------
output : Bokeh plotting object
Bokeh plotting object that can be rendered with
bokeh.io.show()
Notes
-----
.. Based largely on example code found here:
https://github.com/bokeh/bokeh/blob/master/examples/plotting/file/boxplot.py
"""
# Get the categories
cats = list(df[label].unique())
# Group Data frame
df_gb = df.groupby(label)
# Compute quartiles for each group
q1 = df_gb[vals].quantile(q=0.25)
q2 = df_gb[vals].quantile(q=0.5)
q3 = df_gb[vals].quantile(q=0.75)
# Compute interquartile region and upper and lower bounds for outliers
iqr = q3 - q1
upper_cutoff = q3 + 1.5*iqr
lower_cutoff = q1 - 1.5*iqr
# Find the outliers for each category
def outliers(group):
cat = group.name
outlier_inds = (group[vals] > upper_cutoff[cat]) \
| (group[vals] < lower_cutoff[cat])
return group[vals][outlier_inds]
# Apply outlier finder
out = df_gb.apply(outliers).dropna()
# Points of outliers for plotting
outx = []
outy = []
for cat in cats:
# only add outliers if they exist
if not out[cat].empty:
for value in out[cat]:
outx.append(cat)
outy.append(value)
# If outliers, shrink whiskers to smallest and largest non-outlier
qmin = df_gb[vals].min()
qmax = df_gb[vals].max()
upper = [min([x,y]) for (x,y) in zip(qmax, upper_cutoff)]
lower = [max([x,y]) for (x,y) in zip(qmin, lower_cutoff)]
# Build figure
p = figure(sizing_mode='stretch_width')
p.ygrid.grid_line_color = 'white'
p.xgrid.grid_line_color = None
p.ygrid.grid_line_width = 2
p.yaxis.axis_label = ylabel
# stems
p.segment(cats, upper, cats, q3, line_width=2, line_color="black")
p.segment(cats, lower, cats, q1, line_width=2, line_color="black")
# boxes
p.rect(cats, (q3 + q1)/2, 0.5, q3 - q1, fill_color="red",
alpha=0.7, line_width=2, line_color="black")
# median (almost-0 height rects simpler than segments)
p.rect(cats, q2, 0.5, 0.01, line_color="black", line_width=2)
# whiskers (almost-0 height rects simpler than segments)
p.rect(cats, lower, 0.2, 0.01, line_color="black")
p.rect(cats, upper, 0.2, 0.01, line_color="black")
# outliers
p.circle(outx, outy, size=6, color="black")
return p
p = box_plot(df, 'HP', 'Generation', ylabel='HP')
show(p)
但是，如果我将最后的参数更改为：
p = box_plot(df, 'Attack', 'Generation', ylabel='HP')
show(p)
导致错误：
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
KeyError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [21], in <cell line: 96>()
92 p.circle(outx, outy, size=6, color="black")
94 return p
---> 96 p = box_plot(df, 'Attack', 'Generation', ylabel='HP')
97 show(p)
Input In [21], in box_plot(df, vals, label, ylabel)
55 outy = []
56 for cat in cats:
57 # only add outliers if they exist
---> 58 if not out[cat].empty:
59 for value in out[cat]:
60 outx.append(cat)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py:958, in Series.__getitem__(self, key)
955 return self._values[key]
957 elif key_is_scalar:
--> 958 return self._get_value(key)
960 if is_hashable(key):
961 # Otherwise index.get_value will raise InvalidIndexError
962 try:
963 # For labels that don't resolve as scalars like tuples and frozensets
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py:1069, in Series._get_value(self, label, takeable)
1066 return self._values[label]
1068 # Similar to Index.get_value, but we do not fall back to positional
-> 1069 loc = self.index.get_loc(label)
1070 return self.index._get_values_for_loc(self, loc, label)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\multi.py:2871, in MultiIndex.get_loc(self, key, method)
2868 return mask
2870 if not isinstance(key, tuple):
-> 2871 loc = self._get_level_indexer(key, level=0)
2872 return _maybe_to_slice(loc)
2874 keylen = len(key)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\multi.py:3251, in MultiIndex._get_level_indexer(self, key, level, indexer)
3247 end = level_codes.searchsorted(idx, side="right")
3249 if start == end:
3250 # The label is present in self.levels[level] but unused:
-> 3251 raise KeyError(key)
3252 return slice(start, end)
KeyError: 5
它似乎只适用于 HP 列和 Generation 类别。下面的另一个例子
如果我更改类别，比如 'Type 1'，它再次执行失败。
最后的代码：
p = box_plot(df, 'HP', 'Type 1', ylabel='HP')
show(p)
导致错误：
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
KeyError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [22], in <cell line: 96>()
92 p.circle(outx, outy, size=6, color="black")
94 return p
---> 96 p = box_plot(df, 'HP', 'Type 1', ylabel='HP')
97 show(p)
Input In [22], in box_plot(df, vals, label, ylabel)
55 outy = []
56 for cat in cats:
57 # only add outliers if they exist
---> 58 if not out[cat].empty:
59 for value in out[cat]:
60 outx.append(cat)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py:958, in Series.__getitem__(self, key)
955 return self._values[key]
957 elif key_is_scalar:
--> 958 return self._get_value(key)
960 if is_hashable(key):
961 # Otherwise index.get_value will raise InvalidIndexError
962 try:
963 # For labels that don't resolve as scalars like tuples and frozensets
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py:1069, in Series._get_value(self, label, takeable)
1066 return self._values[label]
1068 # Similar to Index.get_value, but we do not fall back to positional
-> 1069 loc = self.index.get_loc(label)
1070 return self.index._get_values_for_loc(self, loc, label)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\multi.py:2871, in MultiIndex.get_loc(self, key, method)
2868 return mask
2870 if not isinstance(key, tuple):
-> 2871 loc = self._get_level_indexer(key, level=0)
2872 return _maybe_to_slice(loc)
2874 keylen = len(key)
File ~\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\multi.py:3251, in MultiIndex._get_level_indexer(self, key, level, indexer)
3247 end = level_codes.searchsorted(idx, side="right")
3249 if start == end:
3250 # The label is present in self.levels[level] but unused:
-> 3251 raise KeyError(key)
3252 return slice(start, end)
KeyError: 'Poison'
有什么指导可以帮助我调整代码以确保它适用于所有可能的组合吗？
要使您的代码 运行，您必须应用一些小的更改：
# old
# # Get the categories
# cats = list(df[label].unique())
# # Group Data frame
# df_gb = df.groupby(label)
# Group Data frame
df_gb = df.groupby(label)
# Get the categories
cats = list(df_gb.groups.keys())
此处选择的类别有误。同时更改此行：
# old
# if out[cat].empty:
if cat in out and not out[cat].empty: #new
这是因为并非所有类别都有异常值，您必须以某种方式跳过它们。这是您的代码抛出错误的地方。
如果您 运行 box_plot(df, 'HP', 'Type 1', ylabel='HP')，现在您的代码显示一个空白数字。这是因为索引是字符串而不是数字，bokeh 不知道将框放在哪里。
要使此字符串对字符串有效，请在创建 figure().
x_range
# old
# # Build figure
# p = figure(sizing_mode='stretch_width')
cats = [str(i) for i in cats]
# Build figure
p = figure(sizing_mode='stretch_width', x_range=cats)
这里所有项目都转换为字符串并首先添加到散景图中。所以图中可以适当的加上方框
这一切都完成了，调用p = box_plot(df, 'HP', 'Type 1', ylabel='HP')得到这个图：