用于双向 Hibernate 关联的 MapStruct 自定义列表映射

MapStruct custom list mapping for bi-directional Hibernate association

执行从数据传输对象 (DTO) 到 Hibernate 实体的 MapStruct 映射的最佳方法是什么?定向一对多关联?

假设我们有一个 BookDto 链接了多个 ReviewDto 类型的评论:

public class BookDto {
  private List<ReviewDto> reviews;
  // getter and setters...
}

相应的 Hibernate 实体 BookReview:

具有一对多关联
@Entity
public class Book {
  @OneToMany(mappedBy = "book", orphanRemoval = true, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
  private List<Review> reviews = new ArrayList<>();
  
  public void addReview(Review review) {
    this.reviews.add(review);
    review.setBook(this);
  }
  //...
}
@Entity
public class Review {
  @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
  private Book book;

  public void setBook(Book book) {
    this.book = book;
  }
  //...
}

请注意,本书的 addReview 方法通过调用 review.setBook(this) 来双向设置关联,正如 Hibernate 专家(例如 'Hibernate Tips: How to map a bi-directional many-to-one association' by Thorben Janssen or 'How to synchronize bidirectional entity associations with JPA and Hibernate' by Vlad Mihalcea)所推荐的那样,以确保域模型关系一致性。

现在,我们需要一个 MapStruct 映射器,它可以自动将评论链接回图书。 到目前为止,我发现了多个选项,每个选项都有一些缺点:

  1. 自定义映射方法:
@Mapper
public interface BookMapper {
  default Book mapBookDtoToBook(BookDto bookDto) {
    //...
    for (ReviewDto reviewDto : bookDto.getReviews()) {
      book.addReview(mapReviewDtoToReview(reviewDto));
    }
    //...
  }
  //...
}

如果书中有许多其他字段要映射,这会变得很麻烦。 [更新:这可以按照 的建议进行简化。]

  1. @AfterMapping 方法中建立双向关系:
@Mapper
public interface BookMapper {
  Book mapBookDtoToBook(Book book); // Implementation generated by MapStruct

  @AfterMapping
  void linkReviewsToBook(@MappingTarget Book book) {
    for (Review review : book.getReviews()) {
      review.setBook(book);
    }
  }
  //...
}

这种方法允许 MapStruct 生成所有其他字段映射;但是通过将自动生成的 setReviews 与后映射中的 setBook 操作分离,我们失去了凝聚力。

  1. Book中添加方法setBiDirectionalReviews并指示MapStruct将其用作目标:
@Entity
public class Book {
  //...
  public void setBiDirectionalReviews(List<Review> reviews) {
    this.reviews = reviews;
    for (Review review : this.reviews) {
      review.setBook(this);
    }
  }
}
@Mapper
public class BookMapper {
  @Mapping(source = "reviews", target = "biDirectionalReviews")
  Book mapBookDtoToBook(Book book);
}

现在我们已经重新建立了凝聚力,但是 (1) 如果我们想在其他地方修改现有的评论,我们可能仍然需要额外的方法 addReview,并且 (2) 滥用感觉有点老套MapStruct 的访问器命名策略假装有一个名为“biDirectionalReviews”的字段。
无论如何,这是迄今为止我能找到的最好的方法。

在MapStruct中映射双向关联是否有更好的解决方案?

您可以使用 abstract class 而不是 interface 来执行第一个选项。这样您就可以公开主要方法,同时仍然对除 Bookreviews 之外的所有映射使用 mapstruct。这也消除了需要手动映射其他字段的缺点,因为您可以使用辅助方法。

@Mapper
public abstract class BookMapper {

    public Book map(BookDto dto) {
        Book book = mapBook( dto );

        for ( ReviewDto reviewDto : dto.getReviews() ) {
            Review review = mapReview( reviewDto );
            book.addReview( review );
        }

        return book;
    }

    // mapstruct annotations
    @Mapping(target = "reviews", ignore=true) // if needed
    abstract Book mapBook(BookDto dto);

    // mapstruct annotations
    @Mapping(target = "book", ignore=true) // if needed
    abstract Review mapReview(ReviewDto reviewDto);
}

编辑:我认为 更好。

解决方案一,@Context
这个问题可以通过 @Context 解决。
Mapstruct 贡献者提供 example 如何在 JPA 的 parent/child 关系中使用 @Context

示例:

@Mapper
public interface JpaMapper {
    JpaMapper MAPPER = Mappers.getMapper( JpaMapper.class );

    Book toEntity(BookDTO s, @Context JpaContext ctx);

    @Mapping(target = "book", ignore = true)
    Review toEntity(ReviewDTO s, @Context JpaContext ctx);
}

public class JpaContext {
    private Book bookEntity;

    @BeforeMapping
    public void setEntity(@MappingTarget Book parentEntity) {
        this.bookEntity = parentEntity;
        // you could do stuff with the EntityManager here
    }

    @AfterMapping
    public void establishRelation(@MappingTarget Review childEntity) {
        childEntity.setBook(bookEntity);
        // you could do stuff with the EntityManager here
    }
}

用法:

Book book = JpaMapper.MAPPER.toEntity(bookDTO, new JpaContext());

生成的代码:

public class JpaMapperImpl implements JpaMapper {

    @Override
    public Book toEntity(BookDTO s, JpaContext ctx) {
        if ( s == null ) {
            return null;
        }

        Book book = new Book();

        ctx.setEntity( book );

        book.setId( s.getId() );
        book.setName( s.getName() );
        book.setReviews( reviewDTOListToReviewList( s.getReviews(), ctx ) );

        return book;
    }

    @Override
    public Review toEntity(ReviewDTO s, JpaContext ctx) {
        if ( s == null ) {
            return null;
        }

        Review review = new Review();

        review.setId( s.getId() );
        review.setName( s.getName() );

        ctx.establishRelation( review );

        return review;
    }

    protected List<Review> reviewDTOListToReviewList(List<ReviewDTO> list, JpaContext ctx) {
        if ( list == null ) {
            return null;
        }

        List<Review> list1 = new ArrayList<Review>( list.size() );
        for ( ReviewDTO reviewDTO : list ) {
            list1.add( toEntity( reviewDTO, ctx ) );
        }

        return list1;
    }
}


方案二,Collection mapping strategies
您可以为集合映射指定 CollectionMappingStrategy.ADDER_PREFERRED 策略。这意味着 Mapstruct 将使用 addReview(Review review) 方法将 Review 个对象添加到集合中。
我认为这是正确的解决方案。

@Mapper(collectionMappingStrategy = CollectionMappingStrategy.ADDER_PREFERRED)
public interface JpaMapper {
    JpaMapper MAPPER = Mappers.getMapper( JpaMapper.class );

    Book toEntity(BookDTO s);

    @Mapping(target = "book", ignore = true)
    Review toEntity(ReviewDTO s);
}

生成的代码:

public class JpaMapperImpl implements JpaMapper {

    @Override
    public Book toEntity(BookDTO s) {
        if ( s == null ) {
            return null;
        }

        Book book = new Book();

        book.setId( s.getId() );
        book.setName( s.getName() );
        if ( s.getReviews() != null ) {
            for ( ReviewDTO review : s.getReviews() ) {
                book.addReview( toEntity( review ) );
            }
        }

        return book;
    }

    @Override
    public Review toEntity(ReviewDTO s) {
        if ( s == null ) {
            return null;
        }

        Review review = new Review();

        review.setId( s.getId() );
        review.setName( s.getName() );

        return review;
    }
}

单元测试:

    @Test
    public void test() {
        BookDTO bookDTO = new BookDTO();
        bookDTO.setId(1L);
        bookDTO.setName("Book 1");

        ReviewDTO reviewDTO1 = new ReviewDTO();
        reviewDTO1.setId(1L);
        reviewDTO1.setName("Review 1");

        ReviewDTO reviewDTO2 = new ReviewDTO();
        reviewDTO2.setId(2L);
        reviewDTO2.setName("Review 2");

        List<ReviewDTO> reviewDTOS = Arrays.asList(reviewDTO1, reviewDTO2);
        bookDTO.setReviews(reviewDTOS);

        Book book = JpaMapper.MAPPER.toEntity(bookDTO, new JpaContext());
        //Book book = JpaMapper.MAPPER.toEntity(bookDTO);

        Assert.assertNotNull(book);
        Assert.assertEquals(book.getId(), book.getId());
        Assert.assertEquals(book.getName(), bookDTO.getName());

        Assert.assertEquals(book.getReviews().size(), bookDTO.getReviews().size());
        Assert.assertEquals(book.getReviews().get(0).getId(), bookDTO.getReviews().get(0).getId());
        Assert.assertEquals(book.getReviews().get(1).getId(), bookDTO.getReviews().get(1).getId());

        book.getReviews().forEach(review -> Assert.assertEquals(review.getBook(), book));
    }