如何创建一个新对象作为任意深度对象属性的子集，同时动态重命名属性

Question

虽然有大量帖子专门讨论该主题，但我仍然找不到令人满意的想法如何对任意深度的对象属性进行子集化。更重要的是，我还想即时重命名 selected 键。

我的目标是实现一个通用函数，我们称它为 select()，它接受两个输入：

一个数据对象
一个对象，其中键表示所需的新名称，值指定所需属性的路径。

例如，考虑以下数据：

const earthData = {
  distanceFromSun: 149280000,
  continents: {
    asia: {
      area: 44579000,
      population: 4560667108,
      countries: { japan: { temperature: 62.5 } },
    },
    africa: { area: 30370000, population: 1275920972 },
    europe: { area: 10180000, population: 746419440 },
    america: { area: 42549000, population: 964920000 },
    australia: { area: 7690000, population: 25925600 },
    antarctica: { area: 14200000, population: 5000 },
  },
};

我的目标是这样调用 select()：

const earthDataSubset = select(earthData, {
  distanceFromSun: ['distanceFromSun'],
  asiaPop: ['continents', 'asia', 'population'],
  americaArea: ['continents', 'america', 'area'],
  japanTemp: ['continents', 'asia', 'countries', 'japan', 'temperature'],
});

结果 earthDataSubset 是

// earthDataSubset
{
    distanceFromSun: 149280000,
    asiaPop: 4560667108,
    americaArea: 42549000,
    japanTemp: 62.5
}

在这一点上，有人可能会问我为什么不简单地这样做：

const earthDataSubsetSimple = {
    distanceFromSun: earthData.distanceFromSun,
    asiaPop: earthData.continents.asia.population,
    americaArea: earthData.continents.america.area,
    japanTemp: earthData.continents.asia.countries.japan.temperature
}

这行不通，因为通常情况下，我的数据以 array 对象的形式到达，所以我需要 map 遍历数组并应用相同的 select 程序，例如：

const earthData = {
    distanceFromSun: 149280000,
    continents: {
      asia: {
        area: 44579000,
        population: 4560667108,
        countries: { japan: { temperature: 62.5 } },
      },
      africa: { area: 30370000, population: 1275920972 },
      europe: { area: 10180000, population: 746419440 },
      america: { area: 42549000, population: 964920000 },
      australia: { area: 7690000, population: 25925600 },
      antarctica: { area: 14200000, population: 5000 },
    },
  };

  const earthData2050 = {
    distanceFromSun: 149280000,
    continents: {
      asia: {
        area: 44579000,
        population: 4560767108,
        countries: { japan: { temperature: 73.6 } },
      },
      africa: { area: 30370000, population: 1275960972 },
      europe: { area: 10180000, population: 746419540 },
      america: { area: 42549000, population: 964910000 },
      australia: { area: 7690000, population: 25928600 },
      antarctica: { area: 14200000, population: 5013 },
    },
  };

const myEarthArr = [earthData, earthData2050]

诚然，我可以简单地调用 .map() 数组方法：

const mapRes = myEarthArr.map((record) => ({
  distanceFromSun: record.distanceFromSun,
  asiaPop: record.continents.asia.population,
  americaArea: record.continents.america.area,
  japanTemp: record.continents.asia.countries.japan.temperature,
}));

并获得所需的输出：

// [ { distanceFromSun: 149280000,
//     asiaPop: 4560667108,
//     americaArea: 42549000,
//     japanTemp: 62.5 },
//   { distanceFromSun: 149280000,
//     asiaPop: 4560767108,
//     americaArea: 42549000,
//     japanTemp: 73.6 } ]

尽管如此，我希望创建自己的 generic select() 函数，它接受一个对象并将其子集化.这种方法的好处是它的灵活性。我可以在单个对象上独立使用它，还允许我在需要时将 select() 扩展到对象数组，方法是：

// pseudo code
myEarthArr.map( (record) => select(record, {
  distanceFromSun: ['distanceFromSun'],
  asiaPop: ['continents', 'asia', 'population'],
  americaArea: ['continents', 'america', 'area'],
  japanTemp: ['continents', 'asia', 'countries', 'japan', 'temperature'],
}) )

通过查看 Whosebug 帖子，我发现 to be the closest. But neither do I understand how to shape it to my needs, nor whether its recursive mechanism actually required in my situation. By contrast, this post 为简单的子集化场景提供了大量解决方案，但 none 正在解决嵌套属性的问题。

Answer 1

你可以这样做

const select = (data, filters) => Object.entries(filters)
.reduce((res, [key, path]) => {
  return {
   ...res,
   [key]: path.reduce((current, segment) => current[segment] ?? undefined , data)
  }

}, {})
  

const earthData = {
  distanceFromSun: 149280000,
  continents: {
    asia: {
      area: 44579000,
      population: 4560667108,
      countries: { japan: { temperature: 62.5 } },
    },
    africa: { area: 30370000, population: 1275920972 },
    europe: { area: 10180000, population: 746419440 },
    america: { area: 42549000, population: 964920000 },
    australia: { area: 7690000, population: 25925600 },
    antarctica: { area: 14200000, population: 5000 },
  },
};


const earthDataSubset = select(earthData, {
  distanceFromSun: ['distanceFromSun'],
  asiaPop: ['continents', 'asia', 'population'],
  americaArea: ['continents', 'america', 'area'],
  japanTemp: ['continents', 'asia', 'countries', 'japan', 'temperature'],
});

console.log(earthDataSubset)

说明内部reduce部分

path.reduce((current, segment) => current[segment] ?? undefined , data)

path 是嵌套在 data

中的属性数组

path.reduce循环所有这些属性名字

例子

path = ['continents', 'asia', 'population']

在第一次迭代中

current是data your object（有点长就省略了）
段是 'continents'
return数据['continents']

第二次迭代

当前为数据['continents']
段是'asia'
return数据['continents']['asia']

你明白了

Answer 2

以下是使用 JSONPath 的方法。

安装 jsonpath-plus npm 包：

npm install jsonpath-plus

然后你可以这样写你的函数（假设你使用的是模块）：

import { JSONPath } from "jsonpath-plus";

function select(data, query) {
    let result = {};

    for (let key of Object.keys(query)) {
        result[key] = JSONPath(`$.${query[key].join('.')}`, data)[0];
    }

    return result;
}

使用您的数据（myEarthArr，为简洁起见，我在此省略）和查询对象：

const myQuery = {
    distanceFromSun: ['distanceFromSun'],
    asiaPop: ['continents', 'asia', 'population'],
    americaArea: ['continents', 'america', 'area'],
    japanTemp: ['continents', 'asia', 'countries', 'japan', 'temperature'],
};

运行这个循环：

for (let dataItem of myEarthArr) {
    console.log(select(dataItem, myQuery));
}

产生：

{
  distanceFromSun: 149280000,
  asiaPop: 4560667108,
  americaArea: 42549000,
  japanTemp: 62.5
}
{
  distanceFromSun: 149280000,
  asiaPop: 4560767108,
  americaArea: 42549000,
  japanTemp: 73.6
}

如何创建一个新对象作为任意深度对象属性的子集，同时动态重命名属性

How to create a new object as a subset of object properties of any depth, while renaming properties on the fly

javascript

select

nested

object-literal

ecmascript-6