如何在 python 中设置箱线图热色？

Question

我做了一些箱线图，类似这样：

代码如下：

plt.figure(figsize = (16, 8))
bp4 = plt.boxplot([X_e[X_e.index.month == m] for m in range(1, 13)], labels = months_names, vert = True)
plt.setp(bp4["medians"], color = "red")
plt.setp(bp4["boxes"], color = "blue")
plt.setp(bp4["whiskers"], color = "blue", linestyle = "--")
plt.setp(bp4["fliers"], color = "black", marker = "+")
plt.xlabel("Month")
plt.ylabel("Temperature (ºC)")
plt.title("Month-wise Boxplots for the Extreme Maximum Temperatures Series from 1980-12-31 to 2019-12-31")
plt.show()

我想像热图一样以连续比例填充箱线图颜色（例如从 25 到 40；从蓝色到红色）。知道怎么做吗？我可以在其他区域的温度箱线图中使用具有已知比例的类似这样的东西（但在垂直方向上）：

提前致谢！

Answer 1

由于您没有提供数据，我将使用自己的数据：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.colors import Normalize
import matplotlib.cm as cm
from matplotlib.patches import PathPatch




data_1 = np.random.normal(100, 10, 200)
data_2 = np.random.normal(90, 20, 200)
data_3 = np.random.normal(80, 30, 200)
data_4 = np.random.normal(70, 40, 200)
data = [data_1, data_2, data_3, data_4]

values = [t.mean() for t in data]

# create a normalizer
norm = Normalize(vmin=min(values), vmax=max(values))
# normalize values
norm_values = norm(values)
# choose a colormap
cmap = cm.magma
# create colors
colors = cmap(norm_values)
# map values to a colorbar
mappable = cm.ScalarMappable(norm=norm, cmap=cmap)
mappable.set_array(colors)

fig1, ax1 = plt.subplots()
ax1.set_title('Basic Plot')
ba = ax1.boxplot(data, patch_artist=True)
patches = ba["boxes"]

for p, c in zip(patches, colors):
    p.set_facecolor(c)

cb = fig1.colorbar(mappable)
cb.set_label("Mean")

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