如何反序列化复杂 JSON 并将其创建为 C# 对象

Question

我有一个 JSON 如下所示：

{
    "Values": [
        {
            "MsgSource": null,
            "TagName": "Data.New_MSG",
            "RawValue": "[\r\n  {\r\n    \"ID\": 145,\r\n    \"StationNo\": 6,\r\n    \"RunTime\": 1800,\r\n    \"ControllerID\": 4,\r\n    \"ControllerAddress\": 2,\r\n    \"ProgramNo\": 2,\r\n    \"ModeID\": \"AutoProgram\",\r\n    \"EventDate\": \"2022-04-27T23:30:02\",\r\n    \"Description\": \"Irrigation Completed\",\r\n    \"MessageCode\": 5\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"ID\": 144,\r\n    \"StationNo\": 18,\r\n    \"RunTime\": 1800,\r\n    \"ControllerID\": 4,\r\n    \"ControllerAddress\": 2,\r\n    \"ProgramNo\": 5,\r\n    \"ModeID\": \"AutoProgram\",\r\n    \"EventDate\": \"2022-04-27T22:00:00\",\r\n    \"Description\": \"Irrigation Completed\",\r\n    \"MessageCode\": 5\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"ID\": 143,\r\n    \"StationNo\": 15,\r\n    \"RunTime\": 1800,\r\n    \"ControllerID\": 4,\r\n    \"ControllerAddress\": 2,\r\n    \"ProgramNo\": 4,\r\n    \"ModeID\": \"AutoProgram\",\r\n    \"EventDate\": \"2022-04-27T22:00:02\",\r\n    \"Description\": \"Irrigation Completed\",\r\n    \"MessageCode\": 5\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"ID\": 142,\r\n    \"StationNo\": 19,\r\n    \"RunTime\": 1800,\r\n    \"ControllerID\": 4,\r\n    \"ControllerAddress\": 2,\r\n    \"ProgramNo\": 5,\r\n    \"ModeID\": \"AutoProgram\",\r\n    \"EventDate\": \"2022-04-27T22:30:02\",\r\n    \"Description\": \"Irrigation Completed\",\r\n    \"MessageCode\": 5\r\n  }\r\n]",
            "ScaledValue": "[\r\n  {\r\n    \"ID\": 145,\r\n    \"StationNo\": 6,\r\n    \"RunTime\": 1800,\r\n    \"ControllerID\": 4,\r\n    \"ControllerAddress\": 2,\r\n    \"ProgramNo\": 2,\r\n    \"ModeID\": \"AutoProgram\",\r\n    \"EventDate\": \"2022-04-27T23:30:02\",\r\n    \"Description\": \"Irrigation Completed\",\r\n    \"MessageCode\": 5\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"ID\": 144,\r\n    \"StationNo\": 18,\r\n    \"RunTime\": 1800,\r\n    \"ControllerID\": 4,\r\n    \"ControllerAddress\": 2,\r\n    \"ProgramNo\": 5,\r\n    \"ModeID\": \"AutoProgram\",\r\n    \"EventDate\": \"2022-04-27T22:00:00\",\r\n    \"Description\": \"Irrigation Completed\",\r\n    \"MessageCode\": 5\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"ID\": 143,\r\n    \"StationNo\": 15,\r\n    \"RunTime\": 1800,\r\n    \"ControllerID\": 4,\r\n    \"ControllerAddress\": 2,\r\n    \"ProgramNo\": 4,\r\n    \"ModeID\": \"AutoProgram\",\r\n    \"EventDate\": \"2022-04-27T22:00:02\",\r\n    \"Description\": \"Irrigation Completed\",\r\n    \"MessageCode\": 5\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"ID\": 142,\r\n    \"StationNo\": 19,\r\n    \"RunTime\": 1800,\r\n    \"ControllerID\": 4,\r\n    \"ControllerAddress\": 2,\r\n    \"ProgramNo\": 5,\r\n    \"ModeID\": \"AutoProgram\",\r\n    \"EventDate\": \"2022-04-27T22:30:02\",\r\n    \"Description\": \"Irrigation Completed\",\r\n    \"MessageCode\": 5\r\n  }\r\n]",
            "Status": "Normal",
            "ComStatus": null,
            "TimeStamp": "2022-04-28 13:17:39.851"
        }
    ]
}

如何反序列化此 JSON 并创建一个仅包含 RawValue 内部值的列表，其中其中的每个有效负载都将作为列表中的单个元素。还有如何从列表中的每个元素中删除不需要的 \r\n 和转义字符。

Answer 1

你有 JSON 包含 JSON，基本上 - 所以你应该期望必须反序列化一次。（诚然，如果您可以更改 JSON 的结构来避免这种 double-serialization，那会更好，但我会假设它是固定的。）

例如，您可以：

public class Root
{
    public List<Value> Values { get; set; }
}

public class Value
{
    // Add other properties if you need them
    public string RawValue { get; set; }
}

然后：

string json = ...;
Root root = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Root>(json);
// This just takes the first value - we don't know whether you actually
// ever have more than one...
string rawValue = root.Values[0].RawValue;
JArray array = JArray.Parse(rawValue);

假定您乐于使用 JArray/JObject 作为“嵌入式”对象。如果你也想对它们进行建模，你需要：

public class Station
{
    [JsonProperty("ID")]
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public int StationNo { get; set; }
    // etc
}

...然后进行反序列化：

string json = ...;
Root root = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Root>(json);
// This just takes the first value - we don't know whether you actually
// ever have more than one...
string rawValue = root.Values[0].RawValue;
List<Station> stations = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<Station>>(rawValue);

当你反序列化两次时，不应该有任何“额外”转义。

Answer 2

试试这个

List<RawValue> rawValue= JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<RawValue>>( 
                       (string) JObject.Parse(json)["Values"]
                       .SelectMany(x =>((JObject) x).Properties()
                       .Where(x=>x.Name=="RawValue")).First()
                       .Value);

结果（采用 json 格式）

[{"ID":145,"StationNo":6,"RunTime":1800,"ControllerID":4,"ControllerAddress":2,"ProgramNo":2,"ModeID":"AutoProgram","EventDate":"2022-04-27T23:30:02","Description":"Irrigation Completed","MessageCode":5},
{"ID":144,"StationNo":18,"RunTime":1800,"ControllerID":4,"ControllerAddress":2,"ProgramNo":5,"ModeID":"AutoProgram","EventDate":"2022-04-27T22:00:00","Description":"Irrigation Completed","MessageCode":5},
{"ID":143,"StationNo":15,"RunTime":1800,"ControllerID":4,"ControllerAddress":2,"ProgramNo":4,"ModeID":"AutoProgram","EventDate":"2022-04-27T22:00:02","Description":"Irrigation Completed","MessageCode":5},
{"ID":142,"StationNo":19,"RunTime":1800,"ControllerID":4,"ControllerAddress":2,"ProgramNo":5,"ModeID":"AutoProgram","EventDate":"2022-04-27T22:30:02","Description":"Irrigation Completed","MessageCode":5}]

class

public class RawValue
{
    public int ID { get; set; }
    public int StationNo { get; set; }
    public int RunTime { get; set; }
    public int ControllerID { get; set; }
    public int ControllerAddress { get; set; }
    public int ProgramNo { get; set; }
    public string ModeID { get; set; }
    public DateTime EventDate { get; set; }
    public string Description { get; set; }
    public int MessageCode { get; set; }
}

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