如何在 Django api 中显示外键数据值而不是 url？

Question

我在models.py

中有以下代码

class Tag(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=40)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Post(models.Model):
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=True, null=True)
    likes = models.IntegerField()
    popularity = models.FloatField()
    reads = models.IntegerField()
    tags = models.ManyToManyField(Tag)

class User(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=40)
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

但是在localhost:8000/posts中，我发现了一些奇怪的东西：那些外键显示为url，例如

{
        "url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/posts/1/",
        "likes": 3,
        "popularity": 0.25,
        "reads": 59,
        "author": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/1/",
        "tags": [
            "http://127.0.0.1:8000/tags/1/",
            "http://127.0.0.1:8000/tags/2/"
        ]
    }

所以在这种情况下，如何将显示的 api 更改为 "author":"Any Name" 和 "tags": ["tag1","tag2"] 之类的内容？

Answer 1

您可以将 ModelSerializer 与 SerializerMethodField

一起使用

class YourSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  author = serializers.SerializerMethodField("get_author")
  tags = serializers.SerializerMethodField("get_tags")

  class Meta:
    model = YourModel
    fields = (YourModelFields, "author", "tags")

  def get_author(self,obj):
    return obj.author.name

  def get_tags(self, obj):
    return obj.tags.all().values("name")

如何在 Django api 中显示外键数据值而不是 url？

How to show foreign key data values instead of urls in Django api?

python

api

django