考虑到 C 中的“”,使用分隔符拆分字符串

split string with delimiters taking into account ' " ' in C

我如何编写一个函数来夹住一个以 作为分隔符的字符串,但考虑到 " 中的某些内容必须被视为一件事:

示例:

输入:

char *input = "./display \"hello world\" hello everyone";
char **output = split(input);

输出:

output[0] = ./display
output[1] = hello world
output[2] = hello
output[3] = everyone
output[4] = NULL

如果没有更多的思考和一些测试,我不会保证这一点,也不会运行它,因为无疑遗漏了一些边缘情况,但一个快速而肮脏的解决方案可能看起来像:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>


struct string_array {
    char **data;
    size_t cap;
    size_t len;
};

void
append(struct string_array *v, char *s)
{
    while( v->cap <= v->len ){
        v->cap += 128;
        v->data = realloc(v->data, v->cap * sizeof *v->data);
        if( v->data == NULL ){
            perror("malloc");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }
    v->data[v->len++] = s;
}

char **
split(char *input)
{
    struct string_array v = {NULL, 0, 0};
    char *t = input;
    while( *t ){
        int q = *t == '"';
        char *e = q + t + strcspn(t + q, q ? "\"" : " \"\t\n");
        append(&v, t + q);
        t = (*e == '"') + e + strspn(e + (*e == '"'), " \"\t\n");
        *e = '[=10=]';
    }
    append(&v, NULL);
    return v.data;
}

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    char *input = strdup(argc > 1 ? argv[1] :
        "./display \"hello world\" hello everyone");
    char **output = split(input);
    for( char **t = output; *t; t += 1 ){
        printf("%ld: '%s'\n", t - output, *t);
    }
}