替换 python 列表中字符串中的字符

Question

我有一个随机格式的苹果产品名称列表。比如取一个单品名iphone 11 pro 可以找到

Iphone 11 Pro 或 iphone 11 Pro 或任何可能的值。但我想将其更改为苹果如何给它们命名的模式，例如：iPhone 11 Pro

因此，我尝试将所有 then first 更改为 title，然后替换字符串的前两个字符。但问题是第二部分不起作用。作为初学者，我无法重现该解决方案。我已经阅读了 python 中关于正则表达式的文章。但无法找到更好的方法。

我就是这么想的..

names = ['Iphone 12', 'iphone 11 pro', 'IPad pro', 'Imac pro']
titled_names = []
updated_names = []

# first change all to title
for i in names:
    i.title()
    titled_names.append(i)

# replace the first two char
for i in titled_names:
    i.replace('Ip', 'iP', 1)
    updated_names.append(i)

print(updated_names)

但这无论如何都不应该起作用，因为有些产品的第一个字符不会是 Ip，例如在 Imac 中。名字列表的最终结果应该是这样的。

names = ['iPhone 12', 'iPhone 11 Pro', 'iPad Pro', 'iMac Pro']

那么我怎样才能做到这一点。 first char small second capital in first letter,其余在Title Case

Answer 1

您需要将字符串方法返回的值附加到您的列表中：

names = ['Iphone 12', 'iphone 11 pro', 'IPad pro', 'Imac pro']
titled_names = []
updated_names = []

# first change all to title
for i in names:
    titled_names.append(i.title())

# replace the first two char
for i in titled_names:
    updated_names.append(i.replace('Ip', 'iP', 1))

print(titled_names)
print(updated_names)

输出：

['Iphone 12', 'Iphone 11 Pro', 'Ipad Pro', 'Imac Pro']
['iPhone 12', 'iPhone 11 Pro', 'iPad Pro', 'Imac Pro']

Answer 2

我做了一些更改并使用了另一种方法。在这里，我写了一个函数来获取和 return 所有列表成员，首字母小写。如果您还需要第二个字母，您也可以添加第二个字母索引（在评论中添加）。我想这对初学者来说是最简单的方法。

def first_letter_to_lower(givenList):
  for i in givenList:
      i = i[0].lower() + i[1::]
      print(i)


first_letter_to_lower(names)

OUTPUT

iphone 12
iphone 11 pro
ipad pro
imac pro

如果你想让你的列表回来，你可以在函数中添加一个append方法到return i.lowwered in "givenList"

Answer 3

您可以指定所需命名的列表。

# update to your needs
CORRECT_STRINGS = ["Apple", "iPhone", "iPad", "iMac", "MacBook", "Pro", "SE", "Max"]

names = ['Iphone 12', 'iphone 11 pro', 'IPad pro', 'Imac pro']

new_names = []

for name in names:
    # convert to lower-case
    correct_name = name.lower()

    # replace all matching string to correct one
    for correct_string in CORRECT_STRINGS:
        # we want to find a lower-case string and replace it
        match_string = correct_string.lower()
        correct_name = correct_name.replace(match_string, correct_string)

    # add correct device name to the result list   
    new_names.append(correct_name)

print(new_names)
>>> ['iPhone 12', 'iPhone 11 Pro', 'iPad Pro', 'iMac Pro']

不过，如果某个名称是另一个名称的子字符串，则此方法可能并不总是有效。对于 Apple 产品，情况可能并非如此。

更新：更优雅的解决方案（仅替换完全匹配的字符串）

# update to your needs
DEVICE_NAME_STRINGS = [
    "Apple",
    "iPhone",
    "iPad",
    "iMac",
    "MacBook",
    "Pro",
    "SE",
    "Max",
]
DEVICE_NAME_STRINGS_MAP = {s.lower(): s for s in DEVICE_NAME_STRINGS}

names = ['Iphone 12', 'iphone 11 pro', 'IPad pro', 'Imac pro']


def standardize_device_name(device_name: str):
    """
    Example: iPhOnE 13 PrO mAx -> iPhone 13 Pro Max
    """
    return " ".join(
        [
            DEVICE_NAME_STRINGS_MAP.get(word.lower(), word)
            for word in device_name.split()
        ]
    )


new_names = [standardize_device_name(name) for name in names]

print(new_names)

Answer 4

很有魅力！

def capitalize_nth(s, n):
    """This function will capitalize nth charcater in string"""
    return s[:n].lower() + s[n:].capitalize()

def edit_strings(name):
    # convert given string to lowercase and strip any whitespace infront & back
    name = name.lower().strip()
    
    # split string based on first space, since we need to capitalize second character only for the first substring(product name)
    # Eg: ['iphone', '12']
    sub_strs = name.split(" ", 1)
    
    return " ".join([
            capitalize_nth(sub_strs[0], 1), # capitalize second character of product name
            sub_strs[1].title() # capitalize first character of each word in string
        ])
    
    
        
    
names = ['Iphone 12', 'iphone 11 pro', 'IPad pro', 'Imac pro', 'iphone 12 pro max']
edited_names = [edit_strings(name) for name in names]
print(edited_names)

输出：

['iPhone 12', 'iPhone 11 Pro', 'iPad Pro', 'iMac Pro', 'iPhone 12 Pro Max']

替换 python 列表中字符串中的字符

Replacing characters from string in python list

python

string

replace