python 如何将 <type 'str'> 转换为 <type 'dict'>

Question

我有一个下面的字典，其中定义了各个区域的应用程序的 IP 地址。区域是用户输入变量，基于我需要在脚本的其余部分处理 IP 的输入。

app_list=["puppet","dns","ntp"]

dns={'apac':["172.118.162.93","172.118.144.93"],'euro':["172.118.76.93","172.118.204.93","172.118.236.93"],'cana':["172.118.48.93","172.118.172.93"]}
ntp={'asia':["172.118.162.93","172.118.148.93"],'euro':["172.118.76.93","172.118.204.93","172.118.236.93"],'cana':["172.118.48.93","172.118.172.93"]}
puppet={'asia':["172.118.162.2251","1932.1625.254.2493"],'euro':["172.118.76.21","1932.1625.254.2493"],'cana':["172.118.76.21","193.1625.254.249"]}

已尝试代码

   region=raw_input("entee the region:")
    for appl in app_list:
            for ip in appl[region]:
                   <<<rest of operations with IP in script>>

当我尝试上面的代码时，出现了下面提到的错误。我尝试使用 json 和 ast 模块将 str 对象转换为 dict 但仍然没有成功。

收到错误

TypeError: string indices must be integers, not str

新手python 不确定如何根据地区获取 ip 列表

Answer 1

问题 1：你的循环暗示 app_list 是一个嵌套的字典，而它不是

问题2：appl是字典的键，不是字典的值。

这个有效：

app_list={
"puppet": {'asia':["172.118.162.2251","1932.1625.254.2493"],'euro':["172.118.76.21","1932.1625.254.2493"],'cana':["172.118.76.21","193.1625.254.249"]},
"dns": {'apac':["172.118.162.93","172.118.144.93"],'euro':["172.118.76.93","172.118.204.93","172.118.236.93"],'cana':["172.118.48.93","172.118.172.93"]},
"ntp": {'asia':["172.118.162.93","172.118.148.93"],'euro':["172.118.76.93","172.118.204.93","172.118.236.93"],'cana':["172.118.48.93","172.118.172.93"]}
}

region=input("entee the region:")
print("")
for key in app_list:
  appl = app_list[key]
  if region in appl:
    for ip in appl[region]:
      print(ip)
  else:
    print("region not found in appl " + str(appl))

输出

echo "asia" | python3 blubb.py
entee the region:
172.118.162.2251
1932.1625.254.2493
region not found in appl {'apac': ['172.118.162.93', '172.118.144.93'], 'euro': ['172.118.76.93', '172.118.204.93', '172.118.236.93'], 'cana': ['172.118.48.93', '172.118.172.93']}
172.118.162.93
172.118.148.93

Answer 2

问题是在每个循环中 for appl in app_list appl 将是一个字符串，而您正试图索引 appl[region]，因此您正试图用另一个字符串索引该字符串。但实际上你只想遍历字典 dns、ntp 和 puppet，所以你可以这样做：

dns={'apac':["172.118.162.93","172.118.144.93"],'euro':["172.118.76.93","172.118.204.93","172.118.236.93"],'cana':["172.118.48.93","172.118.172.93"]}
ntp={'asia':["172.118.162.93","172.118.148.93"],'euro':["172.118.76.93","172.118.204.93","172.118.236.93"],'cana':["172.118.48.93","172.118.172.93"]}
puppet={'asia':["172.118.162.2251","1932.1625.254.2493"],'euro':["172.118.76.21","1932.1625.254.2493"],'cana':["172.118.76.21","193.1625.254.249"]}

app_list = [puppet, dns, ntp]

region = input("entee the region:")

for appl in app_list:
  for ip in appl.get(region, []):
    print(ip)

请注意 1) app_list 现在是预定义词典的列表，并且 2) 您应该使用 get() 方法为词典索引该区域，因为该区域可能不存在于一个给定的字典，所以你可以 return 一个空列表作为默认值。否则你可以运行变成 KeyError.

希望这就是您要找的。

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