如何让 ws.append 在函数内部工作
How do I make ws.append work inside a function
ws.append 函数在 def add() 下时不会在 excel 中写入任何内容。但是，如果我将它放在 def add() 之外，它就会起作用。我什么都试过了，但还是不行，我也不知道为什么。
代码如下：
import sys
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
import datetime
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill, Border, Side, Alignment, Protection, Font
# file creation
wb = Workbook()
# Window
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Aranjamente liste')
# Grid
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width = 600, height= 300)
canvas.grid(columnspan = 3, rowspan = 20)
# Instrucions
instruction = tk.Label(root, text = "Scrieti CNP + NUME si PRENUME / CLUB ", font = "Raleway")
instruction.grid(columnspan = 3, column = 0, row = 0)
# CheckBox
## Variabile
var1 = IntVar()
var2 = IntVar()
var3 = IntVar()
var4 = IntVar()
var5 = IntVar()
var6 = IntVar()
var7 = IntVar()
var8 = IntVar()
var9 = IntVar()
var10 = IntVar()
var11 = IntVar()
var12 = IntVar()
var13 = IntVar()
# Definesc CheckBox
kihon_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Kihon Dousa", variable = var1, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
kodachi_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Kodachi", variable = var2, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda() )
tatekodachi_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Tate Kodachi", variable = var3, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
nito_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Nito", variable = var4, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
chokenFree_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Choken Free", variable = var5, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
chokenMorote_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Choken Morote", variable = var6, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
tanto_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Tanto", variable = var7, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
tateChoken_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Tate Choken", variable = var8, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
yari_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Yari", variable = var9, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
bo_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Bo", variable = var10, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
echipeLupta_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Echipe Lupta", variable = var11, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
echipeKhion_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Echipe Kihon Dousa", variable = var12, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
aviz_medical_c = Checkbutton(root, text="Aviz Medical", variable = var13, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
# Le aranjez
kihon_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 0, row = 3, sticky=W)
kodachi_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 0, row = 4, sticky=W)
tatekodachi_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 1, row = 3, sticky=W)
chokenMorote_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 1, row = 4, sticky=W)
chokenFree_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 2, row = 3, sticky=W)
nito_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 2, row = 4, sticky=W)
tanto_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 0, row = 5, sticky=W)
tateChoken_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 0, row = 6, sticky=W)
yari_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 1, row = 5, sticky=W)
bo_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 1, row = 6, sticky=W)
echipeLupta_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 2, row = 5, sticky=W)
echipeKhion_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 2, row = 6, sticky=W)
aviz_medical_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 1, row = 7)
def comanda():
print(var1.get())
print(var2.get())
# ADD Button
add_button = tk.Button(root,command = lambda:add(), text = "Adauga", font = "Raleway")
add_button.grid(columnspan=3, column= 0, row = 15 )
# Quit Button
quit_button = tk.Button(root, command = lambda: sys.exit(), text = "Iesire", font = "Raleway")
quit_button.grid(columnspan = 3, column = 0, row = 20)
#### AICI BAGI TOATE FUNCTIILE ####
def add():
ws1 = wb.active
ws1.title = "Baieti"
ws2 = wb.create_sheet("Fete")
nume = text.get(1.14, "2.0-1c")
cnp = text.get(1.0, 1.13)
club = text.get(2.0,'end-1c')
c_cnp = cnp
# Check if the checkboxes are checked
proba1 = "x"
proba2 = "x"
proba3 = "x"
proba4 = "x"
proba5 = "x"
proba6 = "x"
proba7 = "x"
proba8 = "x"
proba9 = "x"
proba10 = "x"
proba11 = "x"
proba12 = "x"
aviz = "Nu are aviz medical"
if var1.get() == 1:
proba1 = "Kihon Dousa"
print(proba1)
if var2.get() == 1:
proba2 = "Kodachi"
print(proba2)
if var3.get() == 1:
proba3 = "Tate Kodachi"
print(proba3)
if var4.get() == 1:
proba4 = "Nito"
print(proba4)
if var5.get() == 1:
proba5 = "Choken Free"
print(proba5)
if var6.get() == 1:
proba6 = "Choken Morote"
print(proba6)
if var7.get() == 1:
proba7 = "Tanto"
print(proba7)
if var8.get() == 1:
proba8 = "Tate Choken"
print(proba8)
if var9.get() == 1:
proba9 = "Yari"
print(proba9)
if var10.get() == 1:
proba10 = "Bo"
print(proba10)
if var11.get() == 1:
proba11 = "Echipe Lupta"
print(proba11)
if var12.get() == 1:
proba12 = "Echipe Kihon Dousa"
print(proba12)
if var13.get() == 1:
aviz = "Are aviz medical"
print(aviz)
varsta = int(c_cnp)/10000000000%100
x = 1999 + varsta
ani = 2022 - x
an_nastere = int(c_cnp)/10000000000%100 + 2000
luna_nastere = int(c_cnp)/100000000%100
zi_nastere = int(c_cnp)/1000000%100
# Data de nastere comparata cu data de azi
data_azi = datetime.date.today()
current_year = datetime.date.today().year
data_sportiv = datetime.date(current_year, int(luna_nastere), int(zi_nastere))
# Compara data de azi cu data de nastere a sportivului
if data_sportiv > data_azi:
ani = ani - 1
if cnp.startswith('5') is True:
ws1.append([cnp])
#elif cnp.startswith('6') == True:
# ff.write(cnp + "\t" + nume + "\t" + str(int(ani)) + " ani" + "\t" + str(int(zi_nastere)) + "." + str(int(luna_nastere)) + "." + str(int(an_nastere)) + "\t" + str(proba1) + "\t" + str(proba2) + "\t" + str(proba3) + "\t" + str(proba4) + "\t" + str(proba5) + "\t" + str(proba6)
# + "\t" + str(proba7) + "\t" + str(proba8) + "\t" + str(proba9) + "\t" + str(proba10) + "\t" + str(proba11) + "\t" + str(proba12) + "\n")
# Se sterge dupa adaugare
text.delete(1.0, END)
kihon_c.deselect()
kodachi_c.deselect()
nito_c.deselect()
chokenFree_c.deselect()
chokenMorote_c.deselect()
tanto_c.deselect()
tatekodachi_c.deselect()
tateChoken_c.deselect()
bo_c.deselect()
yari_c.deselect()
echipeKhion_c.deselect()
echipeLupta_c.deselect()
# Text Box
text = Text(root, width = 40, height = 3, )
text.insert(INSERT, "")
text.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=1)
# Stilizare, arata mai bine
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width = 600, height= 250)
canvas.grid(columnspan = 3)
## Mainloop of the window
wb.save("test.xlsx")
root.mainloop()
没有看到你的代码的其余部分并且不知道“它不工作”是什么意思（错误？做其他事情？）我们不能肯定，但看起来可能是因为 ws1不是 add() 函数命名空间的一部分。
尝试添加 ws1 作为 add() 的参数，然后在您实际调用 add() 时包含它。像这样：
#some things, other functions maybe, code blah blah
def add(ws):
cnp = text.get(1.0,1.13)
if cnp.startswith('5') is True: # you should also use "is True" instead of "== True", fyi
ws.append([cnp])
#more code, blah blah
add(ws1)
#blah blah blah
我发现 wb.save("test.xlsx") 行必须放在 def add(ws1) 中，否则 excel 文件不会保存任何内容。
ws.append 函数在 def add() 下时不会在 excel 中写入任何内容。但是，如果我将它放在 def add() 之外，它就会起作用。我什么都试过了，但还是不行，我也不知道为什么。
代码如下：
import sys
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
import datetime
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill, Border, Side, Alignment, Protection, Font
# file creation
wb = Workbook()
# Window
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Aranjamente liste')
# Grid
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width = 600, height= 300)
canvas.grid(columnspan = 3, rowspan = 20)
# Instrucions
instruction = tk.Label(root, text = "Scrieti CNP + NUME si PRENUME / CLUB ", font = "Raleway")
instruction.grid(columnspan = 3, column = 0, row = 0)
# CheckBox
## Variabile
var1 = IntVar()
var2 = IntVar()
var3 = IntVar()
var4 = IntVar()
var5 = IntVar()
var6 = IntVar()
var7 = IntVar()
var8 = IntVar()
var9 = IntVar()
var10 = IntVar()
var11 = IntVar()
var12 = IntVar()
var13 = IntVar()
# Definesc CheckBox
kihon_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Kihon Dousa", variable = var1, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
kodachi_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Kodachi", variable = var2, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda() )
tatekodachi_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Tate Kodachi", variable = var3, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
nito_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Nito", variable = var4, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
chokenFree_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Choken Free", variable = var5, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
chokenMorote_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Choken Morote", variable = var6, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
tanto_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Tanto", variable = var7, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
tateChoken_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Tate Choken", variable = var8, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
yari_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Yari", variable = var9, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
bo_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Bo", variable = var10, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
echipeLupta_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Echipe Lupta", variable = var11, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
echipeKhion_c = Checkbutton( root, text = "Echipe Kihon Dousa", variable = var12, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
aviz_medical_c = Checkbutton(root, text="Aviz Medical", variable = var13, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, command = lambda:comanda())
# Le aranjez
kihon_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 0, row = 3, sticky=W)
kodachi_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 0, row = 4, sticky=W)
tatekodachi_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 1, row = 3, sticky=W)
chokenMorote_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 1, row = 4, sticky=W)
chokenFree_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 2, row = 3, sticky=W)
nito_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 2, row = 4, sticky=W)
tanto_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 0, row = 5, sticky=W)
tateChoken_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 0, row = 6, sticky=W)
yari_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 1, row = 5, sticky=W)
bo_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 1, row = 6, sticky=W)
echipeLupta_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 2, row = 5, sticky=W)
echipeKhion_c.grid( columnspan = 1, column = 2, row = 6, sticky=W)
aviz_medical_c.grid(columnspan = 1, column = 1, row = 7)
def comanda():
print(var1.get())
print(var2.get())
# ADD Button
add_button = tk.Button(root,command = lambda:add(), text = "Adauga", font = "Raleway")
add_button.grid(columnspan=3, column= 0, row = 15 )
# Quit Button
quit_button = tk.Button(root, command = lambda: sys.exit(), text = "Iesire", font = "Raleway")
quit_button.grid(columnspan = 3, column = 0, row = 20)
#### AICI BAGI TOATE FUNCTIILE ####
def add():
ws1 = wb.active
ws1.title = "Baieti"
ws2 = wb.create_sheet("Fete")
nume = text.get(1.14, "2.0-1c")
cnp = text.get(1.0, 1.13)
club = text.get(2.0,'end-1c')
c_cnp = cnp
# Check if the checkboxes are checked
proba1 = "x"
proba2 = "x"
proba3 = "x"
proba4 = "x"
proba5 = "x"
proba6 = "x"
proba7 = "x"
proba8 = "x"
proba9 = "x"
proba10 = "x"
proba11 = "x"
proba12 = "x"
aviz = "Nu are aviz medical"
if var1.get() == 1:
proba1 = "Kihon Dousa"
print(proba1)
if var2.get() == 1:
proba2 = "Kodachi"
print(proba2)
if var3.get() == 1:
proba3 = "Tate Kodachi"
print(proba3)
if var4.get() == 1:
proba4 = "Nito"
print(proba4)
if var5.get() == 1:
proba5 = "Choken Free"
print(proba5)
if var6.get() == 1:
proba6 = "Choken Morote"
print(proba6)
if var7.get() == 1:
proba7 = "Tanto"
print(proba7)
if var8.get() == 1:
proba8 = "Tate Choken"
print(proba8)
if var9.get() == 1:
proba9 = "Yari"
print(proba9)
if var10.get() == 1:
proba10 = "Bo"
print(proba10)
if var11.get() == 1:
proba11 = "Echipe Lupta"
print(proba11)
if var12.get() == 1:
proba12 = "Echipe Kihon Dousa"
print(proba12)
if var13.get() == 1:
aviz = "Are aviz medical"
print(aviz)
varsta = int(c_cnp)/10000000000%100
x = 1999 + varsta
ani = 2022 - x
an_nastere = int(c_cnp)/10000000000%100 + 2000
luna_nastere = int(c_cnp)/100000000%100
zi_nastere = int(c_cnp)/1000000%100
# Data de nastere comparata cu data de azi
data_azi = datetime.date.today()
current_year = datetime.date.today().year
data_sportiv = datetime.date(current_year, int(luna_nastere), int(zi_nastere))
# Compara data de azi cu data de nastere a sportivului
if data_sportiv > data_azi:
ani = ani - 1
if cnp.startswith('5') is True:
ws1.append([cnp])
#elif cnp.startswith('6') == True:
# ff.write(cnp + "\t" + nume + "\t" + str(int(ani)) + " ani" + "\t" + str(int(zi_nastere)) + "." + str(int(luna_nastere)) + "." + str(int(an_nastere)) + "\t" + str(proba1) + "\t" + str(proba2) + "\t" + str(proba3) + "\t" + str(proba4) + "\t" + str(proba5) + "\t" + str(proba6)
# + "\t" + str(proba7) + "\t" + str(proba8) + "\t" + str(proba9) + "\t" + str(proba10) + "\t" + str(proba11) + "\t" + str(proba12) + "\n")
# Se sterge dupa adaugare
text.delete(1.0, END)
kihon_c.deselect()
kodachi_c.deselect()
nito_c.deselect()
chokenFree_c.deselect()
chokenMorote_c.deselect()
tanto_c.deselect()
tatekodachi_c.deselect()
tateChoken_c.deselect()
bo_c.deselect()
yari_c.deselect()
echipeKhion_c.deselect()
echipeLupta_c.deselect()
# Text Box
text = Text(root, width = 40, height = 3, )
text.insert(INSERT, "")
text.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=1)
# Stilizare, arata mai bine
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width = 600, height= 250)
canvas.grid(columnspan = 3)
## Mainloop of the window
wb.save("test.xlsx")
root.mainloop()
没有看到你的代码的其余部分并且不知道“它不工作”是什么意思（错误？做其他事情？）我们不能肯定，但看起来可能是因为 ws1不是 add() 函数命名空间的一部分。
尝试添加 ws1 作为 add() 的参数，然后在您实际调用 add() 时包含它。像这样：
#some things, other functions maybe, code blah blah
def add(ws):
cnp = text.get(1.0,1.13)
if cnp.startswith('5') is True: # you should also use "is True" instead of "== True", fyi
ws.append([cnp])
#more code, blah blah
add(ws1)
#blah blah blah
我发现 wb.save("test.xlsx") 行必须放在 def add(ws1) 中，否则 excel 文件不会保存任何内容。