运行 headless 时 Jmeter 中的 Web Driver 采样器没有此类元素错误

Question

上下文：通过 webdriver 示例我运行ning 一个脚本，当我运行使用 GUI 模式时它工作正常。虽然在 Chrome 中运行ning 无头模式我没有得到这样的元素异常。

UI 脚本

WDS.sampleResult.sampleStart()
WDS.browser.get('https://sprnt-app05.perceptive.cloud/sprint04-webimpact');
java.lang.Thread.sleep(10000);
WDS.browser.findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By.id("details-button")).click();
java.lang.Thread.sleep(8000);
WDS.browser.findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By.id("proceed-link")).click();
java.lang.Thread.sleep(8000);
WDS.browser.findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By.id("i0116")).sendKeys("UserName");
java.lang.Thread.sleep(5000);
WDS.browser.findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By.id("idSIButton9")).click();
java.lang.Thread.sleep(5000);
WDS.browser.findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By.id("i0118")).sendKeys("Password");
java.lang.Thread.sleep(5000);
WDS.browser.findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By.id("idSIButton9")).click();
java.lang.Thread.sleep(5000);
WDS.browser.findElement(org.openqa.selenium.By.id("idSIButton9")).click();
java.lang.Thread.sleep(5000);

错误详情：

2022-05-24 10:51:19,474 INFO o.a.j.e.StandardJMeterEngine: Running the test!
2022-05-24 10:51:19,474 INFO o.a.j.s.SampleEvent: List of sample_variables: []
2022-05-24 10:51:19,475 INFO o.a.j.g.u.JMeterMenuBar: setRunning(true, *local*)
2022-05-24 10:51:19,777 INFO o.a.j.e.StandardJMeterEngine: Starting ThreadGroup: 1 : Thread Group
2022-05-24 10:51:19,777 INFO o.a.j.e.StandardJMeterEngine: Starting 1 threads for group Thread Group.
2022-05-24 10:51:19,777 INFO o.a.j.e.StandardJMeterEngine: Thread will continue on error
2022-05-24 10:51:19,777 INFO o.a.j.t.ThreadGroup: Starting thread group... number=1 threads=1 ramp-up=1 delayedStart=false
2022-05-24 10:51:19,784 INFO o.a.j.t.ThreadGroup: Started thread group number 1
2022-05-24 10:51:19,784 INFO o.a.j.e.StandardJMeterEngine: All thread groups have been started
2022-05-24 10:51:19,784 INFO o.a.j.t.JMeterThread: Thread started: Thread Group 1-1
2022-05-24 10:51:36,164 ERROR c.g.j.p.w.s.WebDriverSampler: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"css selector","selector":"#details\-button"}
  (Session info: headless chrome=101.0.4951.67)
For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html
Build info: version: '3.14.0', revision: 'aacccce0', time: '2018-08-02T20:19:58.91Z'
System info: host: 'L507574', ip: '192.168.0.130', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_191'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver
Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: false, browserName: chrome, browserVersion: 101.0.4951.67, chrome: {chromedriverVersion: 101.0.4951.41 (93c720db8323..., userDataDir: <dir>}, goog:chromeOptions: {debuggerAddress: localhost:57816}, javascriptEnabled: true, networkConnectionEnabled: false, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platform: WINDOWS, platformName: WINDOWS, proxy: Proxy(system), setWindowRect: true, strictFileInteractability: false, timeouts: {implicit: 0, pageLoad: 300000, script: 30000}, unhandledPromptBehavior: dismiss and notify, webauthn:extension:credBlob: true, webauthn:extension:largeBlob: true, webauthn:virtualAuthenticators: true}
Session ID: 38f606e9e44d882027555b6544d319b7
*** Element info: {Using=id, value=details-button}
2022-05-24 10:51:36,169 INFO o.a.j.t.JMeterThread: Thread is done: Thread Group 1-1
2022-05-24 10:51:36,169 INFO o.a.j.t.JMeterThread: Thread finished: Thread Group 1-1
2022-05-24 10:51:36,784 INFO o.a.j.e.StandardJMeterEngine: Notifying test listeners of end of test
2022-05-24 10:51:36,784 INFO o.a.j.g.u.JMeterMenuBar: setRunning(false, *local*)

错误详细信息：

配置更改：我正在使用 Chrome 驱动程序

当 headless 复选框未选中时，这可以正常工作。如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

无头浏览器可能较小 window 因此您尝试与之交互的元素在视口中不可见。

您可以尝试截图看看具体显示的内容

var screenshot = WDS.browser.getScreenshotAs(org.openqa.selenium.OutputType.FILE)
screenshot.renameTo(new java.io.File('screenshot.png'))

睡眠也是某种形式的表现 anti-pattern，考虑切换到 Explicit Waits。

更多信息：The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered

如果是这种情况 - 您可以将浏览器 window 大小设置得稍大一些，例如：

WDS.browser.manage().window().setSize(new org.openqa.selenium.Dimension(1980, 1024))

运行 headless 时 Jmeter 中的 Web Driver 采样器没有此类元素错误

No such element error from Web Driver sampler in Jmeter while running headless

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