如何将 ILogger 传递给静态 class，因此它也适用于单元测试

Question

如何将 ILogger<T> 传递给静态 class Policies 及其静态方法 RateLimit(...)，因此它适用于 Client.TooManyRequestsAsync 和PoliciesTests.Test1？问题是我无法在单元测试中通过 NullLogger.Instance。

public class PoliciesTests
{
    [Fact]
    public async Task Test1()
    {
        var client = new RestClient("https://httpstat.us/429");
        var request = new RestRequest();

        // TODO: Compile time error here
        var response = await Policies.RateLimit(NullLogger.Instance).ExecuteAsync(() => client.ExecuteAsync(request));
    }
}

public class Client : IDisposable
{
    public Client(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
    {
        _restClient = new RestClient(restApiUrl);
        _logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<Client>();
    }

    public async Task TooManyRequestsAsync()
    {
        var client = new RestClient("https://httpstat.us/429");
        var request = new RestRequest();
        var response = await Policies.RateLimit(_logger).ExecuteAsync(() => client.ExecuteAsync(request));
    }
}

public static class Policies
{
    private const int RateLimitRetryCount = 2;

    public static AsyncRetryPolicy<RestResponse> RateLimit<T>(ILogger<T> logger)
    {
        return Policy.HandleResult<RestResponse>(response => response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.TooManyRequests)
            .WaitAndRetryAsync(RateLimitRetryCount,
                (attemptCount, restResponse, _) =>
                {
                    var retryAfterHeader = restResponse?.Result?.Headers?.SingleOrDefault(h => h.Name == "Retry-After");
                    double secondsInterval = 0;

                    if (retryAfterHeader != null)
                    {
                        var value = retryAfterHeader.Value?.ToString();
                        if (!double.TryParse(value, out secondsInterval))
                        {
                            secondsInterval = Math.Pow(2, attemptCount);
                        }
                    }

                    return TimeSpan.FromSeconds(secondsInterval);
                },
                (response, timeSpan, retryCount, _) =>
                {
                    logger.LogTrace(
                        "The API request has been rate limited. HttpStatusCode={StatusCode}. Waiting {Seconds} seconds before retry. Number attempt {RetryCount}. Uri={Url}; RequestResponse={Content}",
                        response.Result.StatusCode, timeSpan.TotalSeconds, retryCount, response.Result.ResponseUri, response.Result.Content);

                    return Task.CompletedTask;
                });
    }
}

Answer 1

您可以使用 NullLoggerFactory.Instance.CreateLogger() 创建一个 ILogger 实例。

因此您的示例将如下所示：

public class PoliciesTests
{
    private readonly ILogger<PoliciesTests> _logger = 
        NullLoggerFactory.Instance.CreateLogger<PoliciesTests>();

    [Fact]
    public async Task Test1()
    {
        var client = new RestClient("https://httpstat.us/429");
        var request = new RestRequest();
        var response = await Policies.RateLimit(_logger).ExecuteAsync(() => client.ExecuteAsync(request)); // No compile time error
    }
}

Answer 2

根据我的理解，您的实现看起来不错，但是您在测试用例中使用 ILogger logger 时遇到了问题。如果这种理解是正确的，那么您可以只使用 Mock（使用 Moq；）库。

然后模拟 logger.LogTrace 方法。

大多数情况下这会解决您的问题var logger = new Mock<ILogger>();

Assuming you have installed moq library and implemented in the class

// 使用最小起订量；

[Fact]
public async Task Test1()
{
    var client = new RestClient("https://httpstat.us/429");
    var request = new RestRequest();
    
    // Using mock logger
    var logger = new Mock<ILogger>();
    logger.Setup(x=>x.LogTrace(It.IsAny<string>(),... like all parameters with type separated by comma))
    
    var response = await Policies.RateLimit(logger.Object).ExecuteAsync(() => client.ExecuteAsync(request));
}

如何将 ILogger 传递给静态 class，因此它也适用于单元测试

How do I pass ILogger to a static class, so it's suitable for unit tests as well

.net

c#

logging

ilogger