Springboot 项目失败运行。 SQL 日志中的 BeanCreationException 错误

Question

我正在尝试使用 springboot 制作 REST api。通常我会使用 PHPMyAdmin 作为数据库，但第一次尝试 H2。

我没有在我的旧项目中看到这些问题，因为我使用 PHPMyAdmin 在项目外创建了 SQL 数据库。

任何帮助将不胜感激。

这是 Maven 输出 Maven 输出

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSourceScriptDatabaseInitializer' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/sql/init/DataSourceInitializationConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ScriptStatementFailedException: Failed to execute SQL script statement #2 of URL [file:/C:/Users/Brendan%20Ahern/Desktop/takehomeproject/api_java_project/api_java_project/target/classes/schema.sql]: CREATE TABLE accounts ( accountnumber int(9) NOT NULL, pin int(4) NOT NULL, balance int(11) NOT NULL, overdraft int(11) NOT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; nested exception is org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException: Syntax error in SQL statement "CREATE TABLE ACCOUNTS ( ACCOUNTNUMBER INT(9) NOT NULL, PIN INT(4) NOT NULL, BALANCE INT(11) NOT NULL, OVERDRAFT INT(11) NOT NULL ) ENGINE=[*]INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=LATIN1"; expected "identifier"; SQL statement:
CREATE TABLE accounts ( accountnumber int(9) NOT NULL, pin int(4) NOT NULL, balance int(11) NOT NULL, overdraft int(11) NOT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 [42001-200]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1804) ~[spring-beans-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:620) ~[spring-beans-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542) ~[spring-beans-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean[=12=](AbstractBeanFactory.java:335) ~[spring-beans-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333) ~[spring-beans-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) ~[spring-beans-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:322) ~[spring-beans-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) ~[spring-beans-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1154) ~[spring-context-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:908) ~[spring-context-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583) ~[spring-context-5.3.18.jar:5.3.18]
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:145) ~[spring-boot-2.6.6.jar:2.6.6]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:740) ~[spring-boot-2.6.6.jar:2.6.6]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:415) ~[spring-boot-2.6.6.jar:2.6.6]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303) ~[spring-boot-2.6.6.jar:2.6.6]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1312) ~[spring-boot-2.6.6.jar:2.6.6]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1301) ~[spring-boot-2.6.6.jar:2.6.6]
    at com.example.api_java_project.ApiJavaProjectApplication.main(ApiJavaProjectApplication.java:15) ~[classes/:na]

这是我的schema.sql

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS accounts;

CREATE TABLE accounts (
  accountnumber int(9) NOT NULL,
  pin int(4) NOT NULL,
  balance int(11) NOT NULL,
  overdraft int(11) NOT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS atm;

CREATE TABLE atm (
  note_value String NOT NULL,
  note_amount int(11) NOT NULL


) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

这是我的帐户对象class

@Entity
public class Account {

    @Id
    private int accountNumber;
    private int pin;
    private double balance;
    private double overdraft;

    public Account() {

    }

    public Account(int accountNumber, int pin, double balance, double overdraft) {
        super();
        this.accountNumber = accountNumber;
        this.pin = pin;
        this.balance = balance;
        this.overdraft = overdraft;
    }

    public Integer getAccountNumber() {
        return accountNumber;
    }
    public void setAccountNumber(Integer accountNumber) {
        this.accountNumber = accountNumber;
    }
    public int getPin() {
        return pin;
    }
    public void setPin(int pin) {
        this.pin = pin;
    }
    public Double getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }
    public void setBalance(Double balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    public Double getOverdraft() {
        return overdraft;
    }
    public void setOverdraft(Double overdraft) {
        this.overdraft = overdraft;
    }
}

Answer 1

错误消息实际上告诉您错误的原因。

expected "identifier";

您必须为要创建的表指定一个 PRIMARY KEY 值。

此外，如果您不想手动分配 PRIMARY KEY 值，请不要忘记添加自动分配的 AUTO_INCREMENT 定义。

Answer 2

[*] exceptions from H2 中的标记表示解析器错误的位置：

… ) ENGINE=[*]INNODB …

你这里有两个问题。

你不能在 H2 中使用 ENGINE=InnoDB 等，除非 MySQL 或启用了 MariaDB 兼容模式，你需要附加相关标志（;MODE=MySQL 并且可能其他）到 JDBC URL： https://h2database.com/html/features.html#compatibility 您还需要将 H2 升级到更新的版本，因为旧的不受支持的 H2 1.4.200 在这里限制更多，无法将 latin1 解析为字符集名称（或者您可以将其替换为 UTF8）。
H2中没有STRING这样的数据类型，在真实的MySQL中也是如此，你需要使用一些有效的数据类型，例如VARCHAR(100).

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