通过 ID 和时间间隔合并两个数据帧

Question

我正在处理以下问题：我有 2 个数据框，a 和 b:

#dataframe a
ID1 <- c("1", "1", "1", "1", "2", "2", "2")
time<- c("2022-04-12 08:52", "2022-04-12 15:34", "2022-04-12 16:45", "2022-04-12 22:23", "2022-04-12 02:15", "2022-04-12 05:24", "2022-04-12 14:55")
a <- data.frame(ID1, time)
a$time <- as.POSIXct(a$time, origin="1970-01-01")
a
  ID1  time
   1   2022-04-12 08:52:00
   1   2022-04-12 15:34:00
   1   2022-04-12 16:45:00
   1   2022-04-12 22:23:00
   2   2022-04-12 02:15:00
   2   2022-04-12 05:24:00
   2   2022-04-12 14:55:00 

       
    
#dataframe b        
ID2 <- c("1", "1", "1", "1", "2", "2", "2", "2")
start <- c("2022-04-12 00:00", "2022-04-12 08:00", "2022-04-12 17:00", "2022-04-12 18:00", "2022-04-12 00:00", "2022-04-12 15:00", "2022-04-12 16:00", "2022-04-12 19:00")
end <- c("2022-04-12 08:00", "2022-04-12 17:00", "2022-04-12 18:00", "2022-04-12 00:00", "2022-04-12 15:00 ", "2022-04-12 16:00", "2022-04-12 19:00", "2022-04-12 00:00")
activity <- c("At home", "Work", "Travel", "Home", "Home", "Travel", "Work", "Home")        
b <- data.frame(ID2, start, end, activity)        
b$start <- as.POSIXct(b$start,  origin="1970-01-01")        
b$end <- as.POSIXct(b$end, origin="1970-01-01")     
b
  ID2  start               end                  activity
   1   2022-04-12 00:00:00 2022-04-12 08:00:00  At home
   1   2022-04-12 08:00:00 2022-04-12 17:00:00     Work
   1   2022-04-12 17:00:00 2022-04-12 18:00:00   Travel
   1   2022-04-12 18:00:00 2022-04-12 00:00:00     Home
   2   2022-04-12 00:00:00 2022-04-12 15:00:00     Home
   2   2022-04-12 15:00:00 2022-04-12 16:00:00   Travel
   2   2022-04-12 16:00:00 2022-04-12 19:00:00     Work
   2   2022-04-12 19:00:00 2022-04-12 00:00:00     Home

我想合并 ID 和时间点（当 a 恰好出现在 b 中（在开始和结束之间）。我想最终得到一个如下所示的数据框：

ID3 <- c("1", "1", "1", "1", "2", "2", "2")
time3<- c("2022-04-12 08:52", "2022-04-12 15:34", "2022-04-12 16:45", "2022-04-12 22:23", "2022-04-12 02:15", "2022-04-12 05:24", "2022-04-12 14:55")
activity3 <- c( "Work", "Work", "Work", "Home", "Home", "Home", "Home")     
result <- data.frame(ID3, time3, activity3)
result
  ID3  time3                 activity3
   1   2022-04-12 08:52      Work
   1   2022-04-12 15:34      Work
   1   2022-04-12 16:45      Work
   1   2022-04-12 22:23      Home
   2   2022-04-12 02:15      Home
   2   2022-04-12 05:24      Home
   2   2022-04-12 14:55      Home

非常感谢有关此主题的任何帮助。

Answer 1

首先，您需要更改数据框 b 的 end 列，第 4 行和第 8 行。由于您假设新的一天开始了，所以日期不是 2022-04-12 00:00:00, 但 2022-04-13 00:00:00.

如果您愿意，可以将第 4 行和第 8 行第 end 列从 2022-04-12 00:00:00 更改为 2022-04-12 23:59:59。两个选项都可以。

修复时间差异后，请遵循以下代码：

ID3 <- c();
time3 <- c();
activt <- c();
values <- c();
for (ide_number in unique(a$ID1)){ # let's start subseting by ID number
  c <- subset(a,a$ID1==ide_number)
  d <- subset(b,b$ID2==ide_number)
  for (i in 1:nrow(c)){ # then, find the row that matches time condition
    condition <- which(d$start<=c$time[i] & d$end>c$time[i]) # find rows
    values <- append(values,condition) # rows in a vector
    activt <- append(activt,d$activity[condition]) # activity vector
    time3 <- append(time3,as.character(c$time[i])) # time vector
    ID3 <- append(ID3,ide_number) # ID vector
  }
}
out <- as.data.frame(cbind(ID3,time3,activt)) # just build your output

输出：

> out
  ID3               time3 activt
1   1 2022-04-12 08:52:00   Work
2   1 2022-04-12 15:34:00   Work
3   1 2022-04-12 16:45:00   Work
4   1 2022-04-12 22:23:00   Home
5   2 2022-04-12 02:15:00   Home
6   2 2022-04-12 05:24:00   Home
7   2 2022-04-12 14:55:00   Home
>

通过 ID 和时间间隔合并两个数据帧

Merge two data frames over ID and time interval

r

time

merge

intervals