在 React 中单击另一个组件中的按钮后如何显示模态？

Question

我有这两个组件：

import React, { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import axios from "axios";
import Button from "../../../components/Button";
import NewAreaModal from "./NewAreaModal";

function GestioneAree() {

    const [aree, setAree] = useState([]);
    const [show, setShow] = useState(false);

    useEffect(() => {
        axios.get("http://localhost:8080/aree/all").then((res) => {
            setAree(res.data);
            console.log(res.data);
        });
    }, []);

    const showModal = () => {
        setShow(true);
    }

    return (
        <div className="bg-white rounded-lg">
            <div className="px-4 py-5 sm:px-6 rounded">
                <div className="-ml-4 -mt-2 flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap sm:flex-nowrap">
                    <div className="ml-4 mt-2">
                        <h3 className="text-lg leading-6 font-medium text-gray-900">Aree nel Sistema</h3>
                    </div>
                    <div className="ml-4 mt-2 flex-shrink-0">
                        <Button type="button" decoration="primary" text="Crea Nuova Area" onClick={showModal}/>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div className="flex flex-col">
                <div className="-my-2 overflow-x-auto sm:-mx-6 lg:-mx-8">
                    <div className="py-2 align-middle inline-block min-w-full sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
                        <div className="shadow overflow-hidden border-t border-gray-200 sm:rounded-lg">
                            <table className="min-w-full divide-y divide-gray-200">
                                <thead className="bg-gray-50">
                                    <tr>
                                        <th scope="col" className="px-6 py-3 text-left text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider">
                                            Toponimo
                                        </th>
                                        <th scope="col" className="px-6 py-3 text-left text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider">
                                            Territorio
                                        </th>
                                        <th scope="col" className="relative px-6 py-3">
                                            <span className="sr-only">Edit</span>
                                        </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tbody>
                                    {aree.map((area) => (
                                        <tr key={area.idArea} className="bg-white border-b">
                                            <td className="px-6 py-4 whitespace-nowrap text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">{area.toponimo}</td>
                                            <td className="px-6 py-4 whitespace-nowrap text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">{area.territorio.nome}</td>
                                            <td className="px-6 py-4 whitespace-nowrap text-right text-sm font-medium">
                                                <button type="button" className="text-green-600 hover:text-green-900" >
                                                    Modifica
                                                </button>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                    ))}
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                            <NewAreaModal show={show} />
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    );
}

export default GestioneAree;

和

import React, { useState, useRef, Fragment } from "react";
import { Dialog, Transition } from "@headlessui/react";
import Button from "../../../components/Button";

function NewAreaModal() {
    const [open, setOpen] = useState(true);

    const cancelButtonRef = useRef(null);

    return (
        <Transition.Root show={open}>
            <Dialog as="div" className="relative z-10" initialFocus={cancelButtonRef} onClose={setOpen}>
                <Transition.Child as={Fragment} enter="ease-out duration-300" enterFrom="opacity-0" enterTo="opacity-100" leave="ease-in duration-200" leaveFrom="opacity-100" leaveTo="opacity-0">
                    <div className="fixed inset-0 bg-gray-500 bg-opacity-75 transition-opacity" />
                </Transition.Child>
                <div className="fixed z-10 inset-0 overflow-y-auto">
                    <div className="flex items-end sm:items-center justify-center min-h-full p-4 text-center sm:p-0">
                        <Transition.Child as={Fragment} enter="ease-out duration-300" enterFrom="opacity-0 translate-y-4 sm:translate-y-0 sm:scale-95" enterTo="opacity-100 translate-y-0 sm:scale-100" leave="ease-in duration-200" leaveFrom="opacity-100 translate-y-0 sm:scale-100" leaveTo="opacity-0 translate-y-4 sm:translate-y-0 sm:scale-95">
                            <Dialog.Panel className="relative bg-white rounded-lg text-left overflow-hidden shadow-xl transform transition-all sm:my-8 sm:max-w-lg sm:w-full">
                                <div className="bg-white px-4 pt-5 pb-4 sm:p-6 sm:pb-4">
                                    {
                                        // Form here
                                    }
                                </div>
                                <div className="bg-gray-50 px-4 py-3 sm:px-6 sm:flex sm:flex-row-reverse">
                                    <Button type="button" text="Crea Area" decoration="primary" otherCSS={"w-full justify-center sm:ml-3 sm:w-auto sm:text-sm"} onClick={() => setOpen(false)}/>
                                    <Button type="button" text="Annulla" decoration="secondary" otherCSS={"w-full justify-center sm:mt-0 sm:ml-3 sm:w-auto sm:text-sm"} onClick={() => setOpen(false)} ref={cancelButtonRef}/>
                                </div>
                            </Dialog.Panel>
                        </Transition.Child>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </Dialog>
        </Transition.Root>
    );
}

export default NewAreaModal;

我想做的是在单击 Crea Nuova Area 按钮时打开组件 NewAreaModal.js...我的代码有什么问题？

试了很多方法都不行。例如，我试图将一个名为 show 的 prop 传递给 NewAreaModal，然后我将这个变量放在 useState in const [open, setOpen] = useState(show) 中，但是 <Transition> 组件说缺少 show prop即使我传递了一个布尔变量...

这段代码缺少一些与后端通信的功能，因为我刚刚开始！

我练习 React 已经 2 个月了，所以我没有太多经验...

谢谢大家的耐心等待！

Answer 1

你的 parent 组件对我来说似乎没问题。它会说问题来自您如何处理 child.

中的按钮交互和道具

我会先尝试这样的事情：

Parent:

   import NewAreaModal from "./NewAreaModal";

function GestioneAree() {

    const [aree, setAree] = useState([]);
    const [show, setShow] = useState(false);

    useEffect(() => {
        axios.get("http://localhost:8080/aree/all").then((res) => {
            setAree(res.data);
            console.log(res.data);
        });
    }, []);

    const showModal = () => {
        setShow(true);
    }

    return (
        <div className="bg-white rounded-lg">
            <div className="px-4 py-5 sm:px-6 rounded">
                <div className="-ml-4 -mt-2 flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap sm:flex-nowrap">
                    <div className="ml-4 mt-2">
                        <h3 className="text-lg leading-6 font-medium text-gray-900">Aree nel Sistema</h3>
                    </div>
                    <div className="ml-4 mt-2 flex-shrink-0">
                        <Button type="button" decoration="primary" text="Crea Nuova Area" onClick={showModal}/>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div className="flex flex-col">
                <div className="-my-2 overflow-x-auto sm:-mx-6 lg:-mx-8">
                    <div className="py-2 align-middle inline-block min-w-full sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
                        <div className="shadow overflow-hidden border-t border-gray-200 sm:rounded-lg">
                            <table className="min-w-full divide-y divide-gray-200">
                                <thead className="bg-gray-50">
                                    <tr>
                                        <th scope="col" className="px-6 py-3 text-left text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider">
                                            Toponimo
                                        </th>
                                        <th scope="col" className="px-6 py-3 text-left text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider">
                                            Territorio
                                        </th>
                                        <th scope="col" className="relative px-6 py-3">
                                            <span className="sr-only">Edit</span>
                                        </th>
                                    </tr>
                                </thead>
                                <tbody>
                                    {aree.map((area) => (
                                        <tr key={area.idArea} className="bg-white border-b">
                                            <td className="px-6 py-4 whitespace-nowrap text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">{area.toponimo}</td>
                                            <td className="px-6 py-4 whitespace-nowrap text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">{area.territorio.nome}</td>
                                            <td className="px-6 py-4 whitespace-nowrap text-right text-sm font-medium">
                                                <button type="button" className="text-green-600 hover:text-green-900" >
                                                    Modifica
                                                </button>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                    ))}
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                            <NewAreaModal show={show} setShow={(bool) => setShow(bool) />
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    );
}

export default GestioneAree;

Child :

import React, { useState, useRef, Fragment } from "react";
 import { Dialog, Transition } from "@headlessui/react";
 import Button from "../../../components/Button";
        
    function NewAreaModal({show, setShow}) {
    
        const cancelButtonRef = useRef(null);
   
    
        return (
            <Transition.Root show={show}>
                <Dialog as="div" className="relative z-10" initialFocus={cancelButtonRef} onClose={setOpen}>
                    <Transition.Child as={Fragment} enter="ease-out duration-300" enterFrom="opacity-0" enterTo="opacity-100" leave="ease-in duration-200" leaveFrom="opacity-100" leaveTo="opacity-0">
                        <div className="fixed inset-0 bg-gray-500 bg-opacity-75 transition-opacity" />
                    </Transition.Child>
                    <div className="fixed z-10 inset-0 overflow-y-auto">
                        <div className="flex items-end sm:items-center justify-center min-h-full p-4 text-center sm:p-0">
                            <Transition.Child as={Fragment} enter="ease-out duration-300" enterFrom="opacity-0 translate-y-4 sm:translate-y-0 sm:scale-95" enterTo="opacity-100 translate-y-0 sm:scale-100" leave="ease-in duration-200" leaveFrom="opacity-100 translate-y-0 sm:scale-100" leaveTo="opacity-0 translate-y-4 sm:translate-y-0 sm:scale-95">
                                <Dialog.Panel className="relative bg-white rounded-lg text-left overflow-hidden shadow-xl transform transition-all sm:my-8 sm:max-w-lg sm:w-full">
                                    <div className="bg-white px-4 pt-5 pb-4 sm:p-6 sm:pb-4">
                                        {
                                            // Form here
                                        }
                                    </div>
                                    <div className="bg-gray-50 px-4 py-3 sm:px-6 sm:flex sm:flex-row-reverse">
                                        <Button type="button" text="Crea Area" decoration="primary" otherCSS={"w-full justify-center sm:ml-3 sm:w-auto sm:text-sm"} onClick={() => setShow(false)}/>
                                        <Button type="button" text="Annulla" decoration="secondary" otherCSS={"w-full justify-center sm:mt-0 sm:ml-3 sm:w-auto sm:text-sm"} onClick={() => setShow(false)} ref={cancelButtonRef}/>
                                    </div>
                                </Dialog.Panel>
                            </Transition.Child>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </Dialog>
            </Transition.Root>
        );
    }
    
    export default NewAreaModal;

Answer 2

I have tried many ways but it dosen't work. For example, I tried to pass a prop to NewAreaModal called show and then I putted this variable inside useState in const [open, setOpen] = useState(show) but the <Transition> component says that is missing the show prop even if I passed a boolean variable...

传递 show 道具是正确的想法，但您遗漏了一些东西，并且在其他一些方面过于复杂。

GestioneAree 组件中的代码在我看来是正确的 - 您有一个 show 状态变量，您将其传递给 NewAreaModal，并将其设置为 true单击按钮以打开模式时。这都是正确的。您需要做的就是让 NewAreaModal 使用它来确定是否显示组件的内容。

要做到这一点，您需要先让 NewAreaModal 接受 show 作为道具：

function NewAreaModal({ show }) {
  // component code
}

这个 show 道具将成为唯一控制模式是否打开的东西。所以你不需要，也不想要这里的任何状态。所以删除这一行：

const [open, setOpen] = useState(true);

而不是在您之前使用 open 的地方使用 show 道具 - 特别是将它传递给 Transition.Root，这是您没有显示的组件，但我假设这个是实际显示或隐藏内容的内容：

<Transition.Root show={show}>

基本上就是这样，但是还有另一种重要的方法，您必须更改代码。您的模态组件内部似乎有一个按钮来关闭模态。当您处于 open（或 show）属性状态时，这将起作用，因为您可以让按钮将该状态设置为 false。当 show 是一个道具时，这不会直接起作用。

但是有一个简单的解决方法 - 让您的模态组件接受一个关闭模态的函数。

您已经在父组件中定义了一个 openModal 函数：

const showModal = () => {
    setShow(true);
}

你可以做一些类似的事情来制作一个“closeModal”函数：

const closeModal = () => {
    setShow(false);
}

然后你可以将这个函数作为 prop 传递给 NewAreaModal:

<NewAreaModal show={show} closeModal={closeModal}/>

最后，NewAreaModal需要接受这个道具：

function NewAreaModal({ show, closeModal }) {
  // component code
}

并在单击关闭按钮时调用它，方法是将每个按钮的 onClick={() => setOpen(false)} 替换为 onClick={closeModal}。

（请注意，如果您在其他地方使用 NewAreaModal，则需要确保每次使用此 closeModal 属性时都将其传入。）

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