从 ansible_default_ipv4.macaddress 过滤数据
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亲爱的社区，我请求你的帮助。
我会创建一个剧本，它将采用输入中给定的 macaddress，它应该遵循 Unix 格式。然后，如果给定的地址符合要求的格式，另一个任务将检查给定的 macaddress 是否与主机中的现有地址匹配，**如果存在，它将显示 the interface related to that macaddress 如果不存在，任务将失败并显示错误消息"No interfaces found with mac address '$MACADDRESS'. Fatal error."
这是我做的，我不知道应该怎么做才能达到目标：
- hosts: all
gather_facts: no
vars_prompt:
- name: "MACADDRESS"
prompt: "mac address?(please use Unix format ex- 1a:2b:3c:4d:5e:6f )"
private: no
tasks:
- name: check macaddresssyntax
debug:
msg: "{{ MACADDRESS | ansible.utils.hwaddr('unix') }}"
register: mac_syntax
failed_when: mac_syntax failed
- name: check local mac
debug:
var: mac_syntax |intersect (ansible_facts['default_ipv4']|selectattr('macaddress') | map(attribute='interface')|list)
您通常不会注册 debug 任务的结果（因为它没有用）。如果您想在有人输入无效的 MAC 地址时失败，请使用 fail 任务：
- name: check mac address syntax
fail:
msg: "Invalid mac address syntax"
when: not MACADDRESS|ansible.utils.hwaddr('unix')
您已将 gather_facts 设置为 false，但有事实收集
禁用的 Ansible 不会为您提供任何事实。你需要
如果您希望 Ansible 为您提供
有关主机接口的信息。
我不完全确定您在 check local mac 任务中尝试做什么，但这似乎完成了您的询问：
- hosts: localhost
gather_facts: true
vars_prompt:
- name: "MACADDRESS"
prompt: "mac address?(please use Unix format ex- 1a:2b:3c:4d:5e:6f )"
private: no
tasks:
- name: check macaddresssyntax
fail:
msg: "Invalid mac address syntax"
when: not MACADDRESS | ansible.utils.hwaddr('unix')
# In this task, we loop over `ansible_interfaces`, which is
# a list of interface names. We set the `matched_interface`
# variable to the current interface name if it has a
# matching MAC address.
- name: check local mac
set_fact:
matched_interface: "{{ ifname }}"
when: >-
lookup('vars', 'ansible_{}'.format(ifname)).macaddress|default(false) == MACADDRESS
vars:
# For whatever reason, ansible replaces `-` in interface
# names with `_`.
ifname: "{{ item.replace('-', '_') }}"
loop: "{{ ansible_interfaces }}"
- debug:
msg: "the interface related to {{ MACADDRESS }} is {{ matched_interface }}"
when: matched_interface|default(false)
- fail:
msg: "no interfaces found with mac address {{ MACADDRESS }}"
when: not matched_interface|default(false)
运行 我系统上的上述剧本，它有一个地址为 a2:29:ab:4e:e7:74 的接口，看起来像这样：
$ ansible-playbook playbook.yaml -e MACADDRESS='a2:29:ab:4e:e7:74
PLAY [localhost] ***************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************
ok: [localhost]
TASK [check macaddresssyntax] **************************************************
skipping: [localhost]
TASK [check local mac] *********************************************************
skipping: [localhost] => (item=veth92b9a89f)
...
ok: [localhost] => (item=example)
skipping: [localhost] => (item=lo)
...
TASK [debug] *******************************************************************
ok: [localhost] => {
"msg": "the interface related to a2:29:ab:4e:e7:74 is example"
}
TASK [fail] ********************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
localhost : ok=3 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=2 rescued=0 ignored=0
如果我 运行 使用我的系统中不存在的 MAC 地址，我得到：
TASK [check local mac] *********************************************************
skipping: [localhost] => (item=veth168ad56c)
...
TASK [debug] *******************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]
TASK [fail] ********************************************************************
fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "no interfaces found with mac address a2:29:ab:4e:e7:77"}
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
localhost : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=3 rescued=0 ignored=0
收集网络的事实并获取接口列表。例如，
- setup:
gather_subset: network
- debug:
var: ansible_facts.interfaces
给予
ansible_facts.interfaces:
- lo0
- lo1
- pflog0
- wlan0
把下面的声明写成appropriate
_ifcs: "{{ ansible_facts.interfaces|map('extract', ansible_facts)|list }}"
_macs: "{{ _ifcs|json_query('[].macaddress') }}"
_devs: "{{ _ifcs|json_query('[].device') }}"
_macs_valid: "{{ _macs|map('ansible.utils.hwaddr', 'bool')|
map('ternary', true, false)|list }}"
_dev_mac_valid: "{{ _devs|zip(_macs)|zip(_macs_valid)|
map('flatten')|
selectattr(2) }}"
dev_mac_valid: "{{ _dev_mac_valid|map('zip', ['dev', 'mac', 'valid'])|
map('map', 'reverse')|
map('community.general.dict') }}"
dev_mac: "{{ dev_mac_valid|items2dict(key_name='dev', value_name='mac') }}"
mac_dev: "{{ dev_mac_valid|items2dict(key_name='mac', value_name='dev') }}"
例如，这些计算结果为
_macs: [unknown, unknown, unknown, '00:12:00:34:56:78']
_macs_valid: [false, false, false, true]
_devs: [lo0, lo1, pflog0, wlan0]
_dev_mac_valid:
- [wlan0, '00:12:00:34:56:78', true]
dev_mac_valid:
- dev: wlan0
mac: 00:12:00:34:56:78
valid: true
dev_mac:
wlan0: 00:12:00:34:56:78
mac_dev:
00:12:00:34:56:78: wlan0
问：“检查给定的地址是否与主机中的现有地址匹配”
答：使用词典mac_dev。例如，
- pause:
prompt: "Enter MAC address"
register: result
- set_fact:
macaddress: "{{ result.user_input }}"
- assert:
that: macaddress|ansible.utils.hwaddr('bool')
fail_msg: Wrong MAC address
- assert:
that: macaddress in mac_dev.keys()|list
fail_msg: "No interfaces found with mac address {{ macaddress }}"
success_msg: "Interfaces {{ mac_dev[macaddress] }} found
with mac address {{ macaddress }}"
如果有更多的主机声明所有主机的字典
mac_dev_hosts: "{{ dict(ansible_play_hosts|
zip(ansible_play_hosts|
map('extract', hostvars, 'mac_dev'))) }}"
然后，把它们放在一起，例如剧本
- hosts: test_11,test_12,test_13
gather_facts: false
vars:
_ifcs: "{{ ansible_facts.interfaces|map('extract', ansible_facts)|list }}"
_macs: "{{ _ifcs|json_query('[].macaddress') }}"
_devs: "{{ _ifcs|json_query('[].device') }}"
_macs_valid: "{{ _macs|map('ansible.utils.hwaddr', 'bool')|
map('ternary', true, false)|list }}"
_dev_mac_valid: "{{ _devs|zip(_macs)|zip(_macs_valid)|
map('flatten')|
selectattr(2) }}"
dev_mac_valid: "{{ _dev_mac_valid|map('zip', ['dev', 'mac', 'valid'])|
map('map', 'reverse')|
map('community.general.dict') }}"
dev_mac: "{{ dev_mac_valid|items2dict(key_name='dev', value_name='mac') }}"
mac_dev: "{{ dev_mac_valid|items2dict(key_name='mac', value_name='dev') }}"
mac_dev_hosts: "{{ dict(ansible_play_hosts|
zip(ansible_play_hosts|
map('extract', hostvars, 'mac_dev'))) }}"
tasks:
- setup:
gather_subset: network
- set_fact:
mac_dev: "{{ mac_dev }}"
- block:
- debug:
var: mac_dev_hosts|to_nice_yaml
- pause:
prompt: "Enter MAC address"
register: result
- set_fact:
macaddress: "{{ result.user_input }}"
- assert:
that: macaddress|ansible.utils.hwaddr('bool')
fail_msg: Wrong MAC address
- assert:
that: macaddress in mac_dev_hosts|json_query('*.keys(@)')|flatten
fail_msg: "No interface found with mac address {{ macaddress }}"
- debug:
msg: "Interface {{ dev }} found with mac address {{ macaddress }}
at {{ hst }}"
vars:
itm: "{{ mac_dev_hosts|dict2items|
selectattr('value', 'contains', macaddress)|first }}"
hst: "{{ itm.key }}"
dev: "{{ itm.value[macaddress] }}"
run_once: true
给予
PLAY [test_11,test_12,test_13] ***************************************************************
TASK [setup] *********************************************************************************
ok: [test_13]
ok: [test_12]
ok: [test_11]
TASK [set_fact] ******************************************************************************
ok: [test_13]
ok: [test_11]
ok: [test_12]
TASK [debug] *********************************************************************************
ok: [test_11] =>
mac_dev_hosts|to_nice_yaml: |-
test_11:
00:12:00:34:56:AA: wlan0
test_12:
00:12:00:34:56:BB: wlan0
test_13:
00:12:00:34:56:CC: wlan0
TASK [pause] *********************************************************************************
[pause]
Enter MAC address:
00:12:00:34:56:CC^Mok: [test_11]
TASK [set_fact] ******************************************************************************
ok: [test_11]
TASK [assert] ********************************************************************************
ok: [test_11] => changed=false
msg: All assertions passed
TASK [assert] ********************************************************************************
ok: [test_11] => changed=false
msg: All assertions passed
TASK [debug] *********************************************************************************
ok: [test_11] =>
msg: Interface wlan0 found with mac address 00:12:00:34:56:CC at test_13
PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************
test_11: ok=8 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
test_12: ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
test_13: ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
如果缺少 MAC 播放将失败，例如
TASK [assert] ********************************************************************************
fatal: [test_11]: FAILED! => changed=false
assertion: macaddress in mac_dev_hosts|json_query('*.keys(@)')|flatten
evaluated_to: false
msg: No interface found with mac address 00:12:00:34:56:FF
亲爱的社区，我请求你的帮助。
我会创建一个剧本，它将采用输入中给定的 macaddress，它应该遵循 Unix 格式。然后，如果给定的地址符合要求的格式，另一个任务将检查给定的 macaddress 是否与主机中的现有地址匹配，**如果存在，它将显示 the interface related to that macaddress 如果不存在，任务将失败并显示错误消息"No interfaces found with mac address '$MACADDRESS'. Fatal error."
这是我做的，我不知道应该怎么做才能达到目标：
- hosts: all
gather_facts: no
vars_prompt:
- name: "MACADDRESS"
prompt: "mac address?(please use Unix format ex- 1a:2b:3c:4d:5e:6f )"
private: no
tasks:
- name: check macaddresssyntax
debug:
msg: "{{ MACADDRESS | ansible.utils.hwaddr('unix') }}"
register: mac_syntax
failed_when: mac_syntax failed
- name: check local mac
debug:
var: mac_syntax |intersect (ansible_facts['default_ipv4']|selectattr('macaddress') | map(attribute='interface')|list)
您通常不会注册
debug任务的结果（因为它没有用）。如果您想在有人输入无效的 MAC 地址时失败，请使用fail任务：- name: check mac address syntax fail: msg: "Invalid mac address syntax" when: not MACADDRESS|ansible.utils.hwaddr('unix')您已将
gather_facts设置为false，但有事实收集 禁用的 Ansible 不会为您提供任何事实。你需要 如果您希望 Ansible 为您提供 有关主机接口的信息。我不完全确定您在
check local mac任务中尝试做什么，但这似乎完成了您的询问：- hosts: localhost gather_facts: true vars_prompt: - name: "MACADDRESS" prompt: "mac address?(please use Unix format ex- 1a:2b:3c:4d:5e:6f )" private: no tasks: - name: check macaddresssyntax fail: msg: "Invalid mac address syntax" when: not MACADDRESS | ansible.utils.hwaddr('unix') # In this task, we loop over `ansible_interfaces`, which is # a list of interface names. We set the `matched_interface` # variable to the current interface name if it has a # matching MAC address. - name: check local mac set_fact: matched_interface: "{{ ifname }}" when: >- lookup('vars', 'ansible_{}'.format(ifname)).macaddress|default(false) == MACADDRESS vars: # For whatever reason, ansible replaces `-` in interface # names with `_`. ifname: "{{ item.replace('-', '_') }}" loop: "{{ ansible_interfaces }}" - debug: msg: "the interface related to {{ MACADDRESS }} is {{ matched_interface }}" when: matched_interface|default(false) - fail: msg: "no interfaces found with mac address {{ MACADDRESS }}" when: not matched_interface|default(false)
运行 我系统上的上述剧本，它有一个地址为 a2:29:ab:4e:e7:74 的接口，看起来像这样：
$ ansible-playbook playbook.yaml -e MACADDRESS='a2:29:ab:4e:e7:74
PLAY [localhost] ***************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************
ok: [localhost]
TASK [check macaddresssyntax] **************************************************
skipping: [localhost]
TASK [check local mac] *********************************************************
skipping: [localhost] => (item=veth92b9a89f)
...
ok: [localhost] => (item=example)
skipping: [localhost] => (item=lo)
...
TASK [debug] *******************************************************************
ok: [localhost] => {
"msg": "the interface related to a2:29:ab:4e:e7:74 is example"
}
TASK [fail] ********************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
localhost : ok=3 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=2 rescued=0 ignored=0
如果我 运行 使用我的系统中不存在的 MAC 地址，我得到：
TASK [check local mac] *********************************************************
skipping: [localhost] => (item=veth168ad56c)
...
TASK [debug] *******************************************************************
skipping: [localhost]
TASK [fail] ********************************************************************
fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "no interfaces found with mac address a2:29:ab:4e:e7:77"}
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
localhost : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=3 rescued=0 ignored=0
收集网络的事实并获取接口列表。例如，
- setup:
gather_subset: network
- debug:
var: ansible_facts.interfaces
给予
ansible_facts.interfaces:
- lo0
- lo1
- pflog0
- wlan0
把下面的声明写成appropriate
_ifcs: "{{ ansible_facts.interfaces|map('extract', ansible_facts)|list }}"
_macs: "{{ _ifcs|json_query('[].macaddress') }}"
_devs: "{{ _ifcs|json_query('[].device') }}"
_macs_valid: "{{ _macs|map('ansible.utils.hwaddr', 'bool')|
map('ternary', true, false)|list }}"
_dev_mac_valid: "{{ _devs|zip(_macs)|zip(_macs_valid)|
map('flatten')|
selectattr(2) }}"
dev_mac_valid: "{{ _dev_mac_valid|map('zip', ['dev', 'mac', 'valid'])|
map('map', 'reverse')|
map('community.general.dict') }}"
dev_mac: "{{ dev_mac_valid|items2dict(key_name='dev', value_name='mac') }}"
mac_dev: "{{ dev_mac_valid|items2dict(key_name='mac', value_name='dev') }}"
例如，这些计算结果为
_macs: [unknown, unknown, unknown, '00:12:00:34:56:78']
_macs_valid: [false, false, false, true]
_devs: [lo0, lo1, pflog0, wlan0]
_dev_mac_valid:
- [wlan0, '00:12:00:34:56:78', true]
dev_mac_valid:
- dev: wlan0
mac: 00:12:00:34:56:78
valid: true
dev_mac:
wlan0: 00:12:00:34:56:78
mac_dev:
00:12:00:34:56:78: wlan0
问：“检查给定的地址是否与主机中的现有地址匹配”
答：使用词典mac_dev。例如，
- pause:
prompt: "Enter MAC address"
register: result
- set_fact:
macaddress: "{{ result.user_input }}"
- assert:
that: macaddress|ansible.utils.hwaddr('bool')
fail_msg: Wrong MAC address
- assert:
that: macaddress in mac_dev.keys()|list
fail_msg: "No interfaces found with mac address {{ macaddress }}"
success_msg: "Interfaces {{ mac_dev[macaddress] }} found
with mac address {{ macaddress }}"
如果有更多的主机声明所有主机的字典
mac_dev_hosts: "{{ dict(ansible_play_hosts|
zip(ansible_play_hosts|
map('extract', hostvars, 'mac_dev'))) }}"
然后，把它们放在一起，例如剧本
- hosts: test_11,test_12,test_13
gather_facts: false
vars:
_ifcs: "{{ ansible_facts.interfaces|map('extract', ansible_facts)|list }}"
_macs: "{{ _ifcs|json_query('[].macaddress') }}"
_devs: "{{ _ifcs|json_query('[].device') }}"
_macs_valid: "{{ _macs|map('ansible.utils.hwaddr', 'bool')|
map('ternary', true, false)|list }}"
_dev_mac_valid: "{{ _devs|zip(_macs)|zip(_macs_valid)|
map('flatten')|
selectattr(2) }}"
dev_mac_valid: "{{ _dev_mac_valid|map('zip', ['dev', 'mac', 'valid'])|
map('map', 'reverse')|
map('community.general.dict') }}"
dev_mac: "{{ dev_mac_valid|items2dict(key_name='dev', value_name='mac') }}"
mac_dev: "{{ dev_mac_valid|items2dict(key_name='mac', value_name='dev') }}"
mac_dev_hosts: "{{ dict(ansible_play_hosts|
zip(ansible_play_hosts|
map('extract', hostvars, 'mac_dev'))) }}"
tasks:
- setup:
gather_subset: network
- set_fact:
mac_dev: "{{ mac_dev }}"
- block:
- debug:
var: mac_dev_hosts|to_nice_yaml
- pause:
prompt: "Enter MAC address"
register: result
- set_fact:
macaddress: "{{ result.user_input }}"
- assert:
that: macaddress|ansible.utils.hwaddr('bool')
fail_msg: Wrong MAC address
- assert:
that: macaddress in mac_dev_hosts|json_query('*.keys(@)')|flatten
fail_msg: "No interface found with mac address {{ macaddress }}"
- debug:
msg: "Interface {{ dev }} found with mac address {{ macaddress }}
at {{ hst }}"
vars:
itm: "{{ mac_dev_hosts|dict2items|
selectattr('value', 'contains', macaddress)|first }}"
hst: "{{ itm.key }}"
dev: "{{ itm.value[macaddress] }}"
run_once: true
给予
PLAY [test_11,test_12,test_13] ***************************************************************
TASK [setup] *********************************************************************************
ok: [test_13]
ok: [test_12]
ok: [test_11]
TASK [set_fact] ******************************************************************************
ok: [test_13]
ok: [test_11]
ok: [test_12]
TASK [debug] *********************************************************************************
ok: [test_11] =>
mac_dev_hosts|to_nice_yaml: |-
test_11:
00:12:00:34:56:AA: wlan0
test_12:
00:12:00:34:56:BB: wlan0
test_13:
00:12:00:34:56:CC: wlan0
TASK [pause] *********************************************************************************
[pause]
Enter MAC address:
00:12:00:34:56:CC^Mok: [test_11]
TASK [set_fact] ******************************************************************************
ok: [test_11]
TASK [assert] ********************************************************************************
ok: [test_11] => changed=false
msg: All assertions passed
TASK [assert] ********************************************************************************
ok: [test_11] => changed=false
msg: All assertions passed
TASK [debug] *********************************************************************************
ok: [test_11] =>
msg: Interface wlan0 found with mac address 00:12:00:34:56:CC at test_13
PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************
test_11: ok=8 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
test_12: ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
test_13: ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
如果缺少 MAC 播放将失败，例如
TASK [assert] ********************************************************************************
fatal: [test_11]: FAILED! => changed=false
assertion: macaddress in mac_dev_hosts|json_query('*.keys(@)')|flatten
evaluated_to: false
msg: No interface found with mac address 00:12:00:34:56:FF