Spring boot @Value 属性 在测试用例中为空

Question

我想从 application.properties 中获取值。

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
public class CurrencyServiceTest {

    @Mock
    private OpenExchangeRatesClient openExchangeRatesClient;

    @Value("${openexchangerates.app.id}")
    private String appId;

    @Value("${openexchangerates.currency.base}")
    private String base;

...

问题是 appId 和 base 在测试中为空。这是什么原因？

Answer 1

@Value 是 spring 注释，spring 将属性值注入 Spring-managed beans

This annotation can be used for injecting values into fields in Spring-managed beans, and it can be applied at the field or constructor/method parameter level.

如果你想让这个功能正常工作，你必须使用@SpringBootTest注解来加载ApplicationContext，这通常是编写集成测试

The @SpringBootTest annotation is useful when we need to bootstrap the entire container. The annotation works by creating the ApplicationContext that will be utilized in our tests.

您还可以在使用 ReflectionTestUtils 编写单元测试用例时注入值，如所示示例 here

@Before
public void setUp() {
    ReflectionTestUtils.setField(springJunitService, "securityKey", "it's a security key");
}