从 SQL/Oracle 中的一系列数字中查找范围

Question

我有一个包含一系列数字的 table 1,2,3,4,5,11,12,13,14,15,101,102,103,104,105,510,511,512,513,515,516,517.
我想要一个 SQL 查询、过程或函数，以便我可以在以下格式。

从-到：

或

1-5, 11-15, 101-105, 510-517

Answer 1

常见的解决方案利用了这些值应该是连续的这一事实：

select min(serialnum), max(serialnum), count(*)
from
 (
   select 
      serialnum,
      -- this returns a meaningless value, but the same meaningless value for sequential numbers
      serialnum - row_number() over (order by serialnum) as dummy
   from tab
 ) dt
group by dummy

Answer 2

您可以使用 ROW_NUMBER 解析函数来完成。参见 Find range of consecutive values in a sequence of numbers or dates。

例如，

范围

SQL> with data(num) as(
  2      select  1 from dual union
  3      select  2 from dual union
  4      select  3 from dual union
  5      select  5 from dual union
  6      select  6 from dual union
  7      select  7 from dual union
  8      select 10 from dual union
  9      select 11 from dual union
 10      select 12 from dual union
 11      select 20 from dual
 12  )
 13  select min(num)||'-'|| max(num) as "range"
 14  from (select num,
 15           num-Row_Number() over(order by num)
 16           as rn
 17           from data)
 18  group by rn
 19  order by min(num);

range
-------------------------------------------------
1-3
5-7
10-12
20-20

SQL>

列表

SQL> with data(num) as(
  2      select  1 from dual union
  3      select  2 from dual union
  4      select  3 from dual union
  5      select  5 from dual union
  6      select  6 from dual union
  7      select  7 from dual union
  8      select 10 from dual union
  9      select 11 from dual union
 10      select 12 from dual union
 11      select 20 from dual
 12  )
 13  SELECT listagg(range, ',') WITHIN GROUP(
 14  ORDER BY min_num) AS "list"
 15  FROM
 16    (SELECT MIN(num) min_num,
 17      MIN(num)
 18      ||'-'
 19      || MAX(num) range
 20    FROM
 21      (SELECT num, num-Row_Number() over(order by num) AS rn FROM DATA
 22      )
 23    GROUP BY rn
 24    );

list
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1-3,5-7,10-12,20-20

SQL>

更新 OP 想要 PL/SQL 中的解决方案以将列表存储在 PL/SQL 变量中。

设置

SQL> CREATE TABLE t AS
  2  SELECT *
  3  FROM
  4    ( WITH data(num) AS
  5    ( SELECT 1 FROM dual
  6    UNION
  7    SELECT 2 FROM dual
  8    UNION
  9    SELECT 3 FROM dual
 10    UNION
 11    SELECT 5 FROM dual
 12    UNION
 13    SELECT 6 FROM dual
 14    UNION
 15    SELECT 7 FROM dual
 16    UNION
 17    SELECT 10 FROM dual
 18    UNION
 19    SELECT 11 FROM dual
 20    UNION
 21    SELECT 12 FROM dual
 22    UNION
 23    SELECT 20 FROM dual
 24    )
 25  SELECT * FROM DATA);

Table created.

PL/SQL块

SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
SQL> DECLARE
  2    v_list VARCHAR2(100);
  3  BEGIN
  4    SELECT listagg(RANGE, ',') WITHIN GROUP(
  5    ORDER BY min_num)
  6    INTO v_list
  7    FROM
  8      (SELECT MIN(num) min_num,
  9        MIN(num)
 10        ||'-'
 11        || MAX(num) range
 12      FROM
 13        (SELECT num, num-Row_Number() over(order by num) AS rn FROM t
 14        )
 15      GROUP BY rn
 16      );
 17    dbms_output.put_line(v_list);
 18  END;
 19  /
1-3,5-7,10-12,20-20

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>

从 SQL/Oracle 中的一系列数字中查找范围

Find ranges from a series of numbers in SQL/Oracle

sql

oracle

gaps-and-islands